Hannah is a writer with a focus on holistic wellness. Her work explores post-traumatic growth and mental health as an intersectional issue. In addition to writing for Recovery.com, she’s composed meditations for the NatureSpace app, articles for the Cardea app, and essays on the connection between physical and mental health. In her private practice as a massage therapist, she works primarily with LGBTQIA+ clients and survivors of assault.
According to the biopsychosocial model of mental health, there are 3 different dimensions of health and illness. Clinicians believe biological, psychological, and social factors can all affect your well-being.
Within this model, you’ll receive holistic treatment. Your care plan will include various therapies that focus on each aspect of your life. This comprehensive approach addresses your needs as a whole person, instead of just treating isolated symptoms.
Understanding the Biopsychosocial Model
George Engel introduced the biopsychosocial model of mental health1—sometimes called the BPS model—in 1977. Since then, it’s gained widespread support among mental health professionals.
According to Engel, health problems don’t happen in a vacuum. He defined 3 areas that contribute to any diagnosis:
Biological
Psychological
Social
These 3 dimensions of wellness have a complex relationship. Having symptoms in any one of these areas can cause problems in the other 2.
For example, seasonal allergies are a biological issue. If you work outside, severe symptoms might force you to take a sick day. That could affect your income and your family, which are social issues. Sneezing all day can also put you in a bad mood, affecting your psychological state. What starts as a simple immune response can impact every aspect of your life.
When you understand how your symptoms support each other, it’s easier to find the right types of effective treatment. For example, data shows that anger makes chronic pain more severe.2 If you have both of these issues, going to talk therapy for anger management could help you physically heal.
The BPS model draws clear distinctions between its 3 areas of focus:
1. Biological Factors
There’s a strong link between mental and physical health.3 On one level, this may seem intuitive. If you’re sick, you’ll probably have to rest instead of doing things you enjoy. But the connection goes much deeper. Having a heart attack, for example, raises your risk of depression. And some mental health issues, like PTSD, can have physical symptoms.4
Mental Health and Genetics
Many mental illnesses run in families,5 suggesting they might be genetic. However, until researchers can isolate the relevant genes, this predisposition will remain a theory. Today, experts believe that bipolar disorder, major depression, and schizophrenia, among other mental health conditions and psychiatric disorders, are likely hereditary.
The Neurochemistry of Addiction
Behavioral health problems can also have biological components, stemming from neurobiology. For example, the neurotransmitter dopamine plays a role in addiction.6 This naturally occurring chemical makes you feel a sense of reward.
When you have an addiction, the act of taking drugs stimulates the release of dopamine. That’s true no matter which drugs you’re using. Your brain can come to depend on substance use as the trigger to produce this essential neurochemical. In other words, you’ll only feel a sense of achievement when you drink or take drugs.
This chemical balance can get worse over time, making it harder and harder to quit. While that cycle is a biological process, it also has serious emotional consequences.
2. Psychological Factors
Psychological factors, like self-esteem, can affect your mental health.7 On its own, low self-esteem isn’t technically a symptom of mental illness. But it can lead to more severe issues. For example, one study found that people with less self-esteem had a higher risk of anxiety, depression, and attention problems.
Mental illness affects your cognitive processes. For example, data shows that depression interferes with memory formation.9 And ongoing memory problems can affect your work, social life, and overall well-being.
Some social determinants can affect your overall well-being. Interpersonal relationships have a major impact on mental health.11 Social support lowers your risk of developing mental illness and addiction. And if you do have mental health issues, strong relationships improve your chance of recovery.
Cultural Norms
There’s more to your social life than relationships. Your cultural background also influences your mental health.12 That’s because your values affect the way you think about your behavior. In some cultures, for example, it’s okay to have a beer with friends after work. In others, drinking is strictly taboo. Either way, your beliefs may affect how you define alcohol abuse.
It’s important to find treatment that supports your values. With the biopsychosocial approach, clinicians may design an evidence-based plan just for you. They may employ a variety of treatment methods, depending on your unique recovery goals, and blend biomedical approaches to meet your needs.
Socioeconomic Status
Your economic status matters, too. Researchers correlate lower socioeconomic status with higher rates of mental illness.13 This is probably due to the chronic stress of financial insecurity. That stress can also damage relationships, cutting you off from valuable social support. And what’s more, a lack of resources makes it harder to afford mental health care. These and other environmental factors can reduce health outcomes for those in a lower socioeconomic class.
Application of the Biopsychosocial Model in Assessment
Under the biopsychosocial model of health, treatment starts with a comprehensive assessment.14 This approach to diagnosis is the standard of care. In other words, experts in clinical practice agree that it’s an effective way to start planning your long-term recovery.
During the assessment, your care team will ask a series of questions15 about your physical, mental, and social well-being. These interviews are extremely detailed and may vary between providers. However, most assessments will include certain basic questions:
Do you have any past or present medical diagnoses?
Do you have any past or present mental health diagnoses?
Do you have a family history of any physical or mental health problems?
What symptoms are you currently experiencing?
Do you now, or have you ever taken illicit drugs?
What is your living situation?
How much sleep do you normally get in a night?
Who is part of your support network? Does it include family, friends, healthcare providers, etc?
Have you had any major life events recently, or major stressors?
What is your highest level of education?
Are you currently employed?
Clinicians use this information to understand how your symptoms fit together. If you don’t already have a diagnosis, they may give you one before discussing treatment. Either way, the next step is to develop your plan of care.
Treatment and Interventions
Despite the evidence that supports it, biopsychosocial treatment is not widely available.16 One study found that in hospital settings, few doctors perform comprehensive assessments. Instead, most providers focus on physical symptoms. If you’d like to receive treatment under the BPS model, you may need to seek out a specialized program.
Biological: Medical care, nutrition counseling, physical therapy
Psychological: Talk therapy, psychotherapy
Social: Family therapy, support groups
In many programs, your clinicians will work together18 to provide integrated treatment and comprehensive patient care. You may meet with your care team as a group, and they may meet privately to discuss your case. This close communication allows them to track your progress and make adjustments to your care plan if necessary.
Limitations and Criticisms
While biopsychosocial assessment is the standard of care, this model has some limitations.19 Specifically, it focuses more on diagnosis than treatment. Without formal guidance on how to design a care plan, every provider takes a slightly different approach. This makes it hard for patients to know what they can expect during recovery.
Some experts argue that the biopsychosocial approach is outdated.20 Critics say that scientific breakthroughs “have changed the very face of psychiatry in the last few decades,” leaving Engel’s theory behind. This new research suggests that some mental health issues have purely biological causes. However, we need much more data before we can confirm these theories and alter the model’s initiatives.
The BPS model is more holistic21 than other approaches—maybe to a fault. S. Nassir Ghaemi, Director of the Mood Disorder Program at Tufts Medical Center, explains that “its boundaries are unclear.” In the effort to include so many dimensions of health, Engel left room for practitioners to interpret information as they see fit. As a result, their personal biases may lead to dysfunction in treatment. Biopsychosocial treatment “gives permission to do everything, but no specific guidance to do anything,” Ghaemi writes.
Future Directions and Implications
Despite these critiques, other experts say we can keep learning from this approach. For example, experts posit that focusing on the biopsychosocial model might reduce burnout among medical students.22 This could have far-reaching implications for the future of treatment. By setting an example for the next generation of healthcare providers, we might be able to reduce the stigma around mental illness.
Biopsychosocial care also offers unique opportunities during recovery. Because treatment is so personalized,23 you and your care team may develop a closer bond. That connection can help you commit to treatment more fully.
For a complete assessment of your physical, mental, and social needs, reach out to a treatment center and inquire with their admissions team. From there, you can begin planning the next phase of your recovery journey—and the rest of your life.
FAQs
Q: What is the biopsychosocial model of mental health?
A: The biopsychosocial model of mental health recognizes that biological, psychological, and social factors all contribute to a person’s well-being and the development of mental health issues. It emphasizes holistic treatment that addresses each aspect of a patient’s life to provide comprehensive care.
Q: What are the 3 dimensions of the biopsychosocial model?
A: The biopsychosocial model consists of 3 dimensions: biological, psychological, and social. These dimensions interact with each other, and symptoms in one area can impact the other two. By understanding these connections, healthcare providers can develop tailored treatment plans.
Q: What types of treatment are involved in the biopsychosocial model of mental health?
A: In the biopsychosocial model, biological treatments may include medical care, physical therapy, and nutrition counseling. Psychological treatments may involve talk therapy and behavioral therapy. Social treatments may include family therapy and support groups. Integrated care, where different treatment providers collaborate, is common in this model.
Substance and behavioral addictions affect millions of Americans, with alcohol and drug abuse cases—and their consequences for people and their communities—climbing steadily.
Addiction touches every community, every age group, and every socioeconomic class in the U.S.. Whether it’s the executive hiding a drinking problem, the teenager vaping between classes, or the retiree unable to stop gambling online, addiction has woven itself into the fabric of American life. From substances that alter brain chemistry to behaviors that hijack our reward systems, these dependencies share one thing in common: They’re incredibly difficult to break without help.
Understanding these common addictions is important, not just for those directly affected but for anyone who wants to support a loved one through recovery.
Let’s explore the 10 most prevalent addictions plaguing Americans today, what drives them, and how to find help.
1. Alcohol Addiction
When you drink alcohol, it does double duty: slowing down your nervous system while releasing a rush of dopamine that makes your brain crave more. This combination is especially addictive because your brain starts to rely on alcohol for both relaxation and pleasure, eventually needing more to achieve the same effects. One report from the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence calls alcohol “the most commonly used addictive substance in the United States.”1
In a society where drinking is often the default social activity and alcohol is as accessible as coffee, the path to addiction can be deceptively smooth.
Effects
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC), long-term excessive drinking puts you at risk3 of physical health problems and other side effects, including but not limited to:
Cancer
Chronic diseases such as heart disease and liver disease
High blood pressure
Stroke
Digestive issues
Memory and learning problems
Social issues
Alcohol addiction also affects mental health. It can lead to mental health conditions like depression, memory problems, and even antisocial behavior. Withdrawal symptoms can be especially dangerous, and in many cases require medical oversight or hospitalization.
Treatments
There are many treatment programs and therapies for alcohol use disorder, from inpatient care to outpatient programs. Experts report that a few specific types of therapy are especially helpful:4
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Motivational enhancement therapy (MET)
Contingency management
Couples therapy
12-Step programs
The good news is, these treatments work, and countless people who once thought they’d never quit are now living full, alcohol-free lives.
2. Nicotine Addiction
Nicotine and tobacco rank high on the list of most common addictions5 in the U.S. Nicotine, the addictive substance found in tobacco, is easy to access via vaping, smoking, and smoke-free products, and is legal in all states. Tobacco use and nicotine addiction can affect people of all ages, from adolescents to older adults.
Risk Factors
This type of addiction is often caused by repetitive use, meaning you use nicotine often enough for your brain to get used to its effects and need it frequently to avoid withdrawal symptoms. If you find yourself reaching for a cigarette without thinking—when you’re stressed, after meals, or first thing in the morning—you’ve likely crossed the line from habit to addiction.
Causes of nicotine addiction include:
Peer influence
Social expectations and norms
Family history of tobacco use
Effects
Smoking cigarettes or vaping regularly comes with a host of side effects,6 including:
Lung cancer, among other types of cancer
Heart disease
Lung diseases, which can be irreversible
Reproductive issues
Treatments
Many treatment programs and tools can help with nicotine addiction, like
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), to understand the thoughts and emotions leading to tobacco use, and to gain the behavioral skills to prevent use
Contingency management
Nicotine replacement therapies like patches, sprays, and inhalants
Support groupsdedicated to supporting people who decide to quit smoking
You can access smoking cessation support groups online, and even through apps on your phone, making it easier than ever to find help whenever cravings strike.
3. Marijuana Addiction
Marijuana addiction is one of the 3 most common addictions in the United States,7 despite being an illegal drug in some states. As cannabis becomes more socially acceptable, rates of this addiction may continue to rise. People consume marijuana in various ways—smoking joints, using bongs or vaporizers, or eating THC-infused edibles like gummies and baked goods. THC creates the “high” that marijuana users experience.
Risk Factors
The younger you are when you start using marijuana,8 the higher your risk of addiction. The drug’s potency also plays a role. Today’s marijuana is far more potent than in the past, with THC levels that can be 3–5 times stronger—and stronger weed means higher addiction risk.
As more states legalize cannabis, scientists are developing more potent strains. According to Tom Freeman, Director of the Addiction and Mental Health Group at the University of Bath, high-potency marijuana has 4 times the risk of addiction.9
Effects
There’s a relationship between marijuana use and mental health issues,10 but we need more data to determine which one causes the other. Research shows that marijuana addiction shares symptoms with mental health conditions like anxiety and depression. Long-term marijuana use also causes memory problems.
Treatments
Most marijuana rehabs focus on counseling. During treatment, you might engage in a few types of talk therapy:
MET
CBT
Contingency management
Scientists are still researching medications to treat cannabis addiction.
4. Opioid Addiction
The opioid addiction crisis continue to devastate communities across the United States. These prescribed or illicit drugs play a role in nearly 75% of all overdose deaths.11
Fentanyl is a particularly deadly opioid, one of many synthetic painkillers that can cause addiction and overdose deaths when misused. The CDC reports fentanyl overdose deaths tripling12 from 2016-2021. Other opioids include prescription drugs like Oxycodone and Hydrocodone.
Risk Factors
Many factors contribute to opioid addiction, like genetics, environmental factors, and mental health issues. Childhood trauma also makes you more vulnerable. Chronic pain is a major risk factor,13 especially if you manage it with an opioid prescription.
Effects
Opioid abuse has many health risks. As your tolerance goes up, you may need higher and higher doses to manage physical pain. This addiction also cuts into the time you spend with loved ones and family members, damaging your relationships.
Opioid use can be life-threatening. What makes opioid overdoses so lethal is respiratory failure: the drug suppresses your breathing until you simply stop, and without rapid medical intervention, this can be fatal.
Medications like methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone alleviate opioid cravings. These prescriptions require close medical supervision to ensure safety and effectiveness.
While genetics and age play important roles, cocaine addiction is particularly devastating because of how it attacks the brain’s reward pathways. The drug creates such powerful highs that your brain rewires itself to crave only cocaine, leaving you unable to find joy in everyday experiences.
Effects
Cocaine causes a wide range of physical symptoms, potentially requiring medical care and hospitalization. Snorting cocaine harms your nasal passages,17 causing nosebleeds, sinus issues, and respiratory problems. Smoking crack cocaine causes lung damage. Cocaine also impacts your cardiovascular system as it reduces blood flow throughout the body.
Treatments
Most rehabs treat cocaine addiction with behavioral therapy. Contingency management and various types of CBT are especially beneficial treatments. There are currently no FDA-approved medications for this condition.
6. Methamphetamine Addiction
Reports show that in 2019, over 2 million American adults used methamphetamine,17 up from 1.6 million in 2015. In the same time period, the number of deaths and arrests related to methamphetamine skyrocketed.
Meth is often smoked, but it can also be snorted or injected into the bloodstream.
Organ damage, especially to the lungs, liver, and kidneys
Dental problems
High blood pressure
Permanent neurological changes
Though meth isn’t a hallucinogen, it often causes paranoia and hallucinations—especially during extended binges when users stay awake for days at a time.
Treatments
Most methamphetamine addiction recovery programs focus on behavioral therapy, integrated with additional evidence-based and complementary treatments. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), CBT and contingency management are “the most effective treatments for methamphetamine addiction.”20
7. Gambling Addiction
Because research into this condition is so new, it’s hard to accurately assess how many people have a gambling addiction. But some reports estimate that “roughly 1 percent of American adults, or about 2.5 million people, have a severe gambling problem.”21
Risk Factors
Men are at a higher risk for gambling addiction.22 You might also be more vulnerable if you were raised by a single parent or a parent with an addiction.
Effects
Unlike substance use disorders, behavioral addictions don’t involve chemical dependence. Even so, the effects of gambling addiction23 can be overwhelming—both mentally and physically:
Anxiety that’s only relieved by gambling
New or worsening depressive symptoms
Financial hardship
Strained family relationships
Treatments
When you’re ready to recover from gambling addiction, your care team will help you choose the right treatment plan. That means something different for everyone. While individual, group, and family therapies are typically central to treatment, effective programs often use multiple treatment methods. Most programs recommend at least one type of talk therapy to treat gambling disorder:24
CBT
Psychodynamic therapy
Group therapy
Family therapy
Many people also benefit from 12-Step programs like Gamblers Anonymous (GA), which offer community-based support throughout the recovery process—whether you’re just starting treatment, actively in rehab, or maintaining sobriety.
These factors create a concerning cycle: Unchecked internet use can worsen all of these symptoms, complicating both the addiction and the mental health conditions underlying it.
Various reports estimate that anywhere from 5.8–56.8% of Americans have a food addiction.31 Experts also note the overlap between food addiction and eating disorders like bulimia nervosa.
Risk Factors
Food addiction and drug addiction often co-occur. Either one might make the other more likely. Severe childhood abuse can also lead to food addiction32 in adulthood. This condition is more likely for people with depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem.
Effects
While food addiction can make you gain weight, that’s not true for everyone. More consistently, it leads to overwhelming feelings of guilt and shame.
Treatments
Food addiction recovery can include weight loss, but that’s not always the right approach. To treat the root cause of this condition, experts recommend approaching it like a binge eating disorder. CBT and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) are popular treatments for food addiction.33
10. Pornography Addiction
Like any other behavioral addiction, excessive pornography use can be very serious. But we don’t yet understand the scope of the issue in the United States. That’s partly because news sources commonly circulate false statistics about online pornography.34
It’s also more common among people who spend a lot of time online.
Effects
Studies link excessive porn use with anxiety,36 depression, and sexual dysfunction. Porn addiction might cause these symptoms, or vice versa. Porn use also affects relationships, as this condition can make it easier to objectify your partner. Over time, that disconnect can drive a wedge between you.
Treatments
Most rehabs for porn addiction offer several types of therapy. However, researchers say that CBT “might be the most effective technique37 for such patients addicted to pornography.” Some people also attend 12-Step groups like Porn Addicts Anonymous.
To learn more about treatment options for addiction, search our collection of rehabs to take virtual tours, read reviews, see pricing, and more.
FAQs
Q: What are the most common addictions in the United States?
A: The most common addictions in the U.S. include alcohol addiction, nicotine addiction, marijuana addiction, opioid addiction, cocaine addiction, methamphetamine addiction, gambling addiction, internet and gaming addiction, food addiction, and pornography addiction.
Q: What are the causes of alcohol addiction?
A: Genetic predisposition, a family history of alcohol abuse, co-occurring mental health issues, easy availability of alcohol, and social pressure to drink can all contribute to problem drinking.
Q: How is opioid addiction treated?
A: Rehabs typically treat opioid addiction through a combination of medications (such as methadone) and talk therapy. Medications help alleviate cravings, while therapy addresses the underlying psychological factors that led to the addiction in the first place.
The decision to go to rehab is life-changing, but concerns about costs can seem like a barrier to getting started—many people delay or avoid seeking treatment because they worry about how they’ll pay for it. The good news is that there are more payment options available today than ever before.
Because of mental health parity laws and the Affordable Care Act, most insurance plans now cover addiction treatment as an essential health benefit. Beyond insurance, you might also have access to government programs, employer assistance, financing options, and scholarships.
This guide will walk you through all your payment options, from insurance coverage to alternative financing, so you can focus on what matters most: getting the help you need.
Health Insurance Options for Drug and Alcohol Rehab
All health insurance companies must cover addiction treatment1 to some extent. As a result, health insurance is one of the most popular ways to pay for rehab. Your exact coverage will depend on several factors, including your insurance company, your specific plan, and your health history.
Most rehabs have staff to help you verify your coverage and navigate insurance issues during the admissions process.
Common Health Insurance Plans
Health insurance companies typically offer multiple tiers of coverage.2 There are 2 especially common types of insurance plans:
Health maintenance organization (HMO) plans cover services from providers in your care network.
Preferred provider organization (PPO) plans have you pay less for providers in your network. Unlike HMOs, PPOs also let you use out-of-network providers for an additional cost.
In-Network vs. Out-Of-Network Providers
A network is a group of providers3 that your insurance company contracts with, who offer their services at a set fee. But you’re not required to choose providers from that network:
In-network providers offer services at a discounted rate negotiated with your insurer and will normally accept your insurance to cover addiction treatment. However, your plan may or may not cover the specific therapies you need.
Out-of-network providers don’t have contracted rates with your insurance company, often resulting in higher costs for you. Your plan might not cover any of their services, or may cover them at a reduced rate with higher out-of-pocket costs. If you’d like to attend an out-of-network rehab, make sure to ask the admissions team about their pricing options and what your insurance might cover.
Your plan may have eligibility requirements like pre-authorization and ongoing review to continue coverage based on your medical necessity and the progress you make in treatment. This means your insurance company will evaluate whether continued care is medically necessary as you move through different phases of recovery.
Addiction treatment looks different for everyone, and it can require more than one level of care. And your insurance may cover some types of treatment, but not others.
Medicaid and Medicare Coverage for Rehab
You can also pay for rehab using government-funded health insurance such as Medicaid or Medicare:
Medicaid covers a range of services5 including inpatient treatment, outpatient rehab programs, medications, and counseling for people with low income. However, coverage details depend on your state and specific plan, as each state administers its Medicaid program differently.
Medicare covers substance abuse treatment for people 65 or older, as well as those with certain disabilities. This includes screenings, counseling, and medication-assisted treatment. Keep in mind that coverage details differ between Original Medicare and Medicare Advantage plans, so you’ll want to check your specific benefits.
Like private insurance, Medicare and Medicaid coverage varies based on your specific plan. Many of these plans cover a variety of treatment types:
Inpatient rehab
Outpatient treatment
Substance use and mental health screenings
Behavioral health care
Partial hospitalization programs (PHPs)
Medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder
Telehealth
Navigating the Insurance Appeals Process
Insurance denials for addiction treatment can be stressful. But thankfully, some denials can be successfully overturned through the appeals process. Here’s why claims often get denied and what you can do to appeal these decisions:
Medical necessity determinations occur when your insurance company argues that the level of care you’re seeking isn’t medically necessary for your condition.
Prior authorization issues happen when you start treatment without pre-approval, even if your plan covers addiction treatment.
Documentation problems can arise when treatment facilities don’t provide sufficient clinical information to justify your need for certain services.
Coverage limitations may trigger denials if you’ve exceeded annual limits or chosen out-of-network providers without proper authorization.
How to File an Appeal
Internal appeals7 are your first step and must typically be filed within 60 days of receiving a denial notice—contact your insurance company to request appeal forms and gather all relevant medical documentation.
Documentation requirements may include:
Detailed letters from your treatment provider explaining medical necessity
Clinical assessments showing condition severity
Evidence that less intensive care would be insufficient
External appeals become available if your internal appeal is denied, involving independent medical reviewers not employed by your insurance company. Professional help from treatment center insurance advocates, patient advocacy organizations, or healthcare attorneys8 can make a big difference in complex cases or repeated denials.
There are multiple options for paying for rehab without insurance or when insurance doesn’t cover the full cost of your treatment plan. Many treatment centers understand these situations and offer financing solutions to make care more accessible.
Income-Based Pricing
Some treatment centers offer sliding-scale fees9 based on your household income and family size, which can really reduce treatment costs for people with limited financial resources. These programs usually require documentation of your income and expenses, and are most commonly available at non-profit treatment centers, state-funded rehabs, and federally qualified health centers.
Payment Plans
Payment plans10 allow you to spread treatment costs over several months or years, making expensive residential programs more manageable for your budget. You’ll pay a fixed monthly amount until you reach the full price of treatment.
In-house payment plans offered directly by treatment centers often provide the most flexible terms, while third-party financing partnerships can provide immediate financing decisions through specialized healthcare lenders. These options are often worth exploring before considering higher-risk financing alternatives.
Understand the payment plan terms before committing to any agreement. Interest rates can range from 0% for short-term plans to 10-30% for longer-term financing. Always read the fine print regarding late payment penalties and early payoff options.
Medical Credit Cards and Healthcare Loans
Medical credit cards often provide promotional 0% interest for 6-24 months, but if you don’t pay off the full balance by the end of the promotional period, you may be charged retroactive interest at rates of 25% or higher. Healthcare-specific loans typically have interest rates between 6-35% depending on your credit score.
Note: These financing options can create significant debt burdens if not managed carefully. Only borrow what you can realistically repay, and be especially cautious of high-interest loans or cards with retroactive interest penalties.
Personal Loans for Treatment
Traditional banks offer personal loans with rates typically ranging from 6-15% for borrowers with excellent to good credit, while online lenders may charge 15-35% or higher for those with lower credit scores. The average personal loan rate across all credit types is around 21%, with some lenders charging rates up to 99%11 for the riskiest borrowers.
Credit requirements vary significantly between lenders, with banks typically requiring good credit scores (650+) and stable income for the best rates, while online lenders may have more flexible requirements but charge substantially higher interest rates.
Be cautious of predatory lending: Some lenders target people in crisis with high-interest loans, excessive fees, or unfavorable terms. Research lenders thoroughly and compare multiple options before committing. For guidance on avoiding predatory lending, visit the Federal Trade Commission’s consumer guidance.
Employer-Based Benefits and Assistance Programs
If you need financial assistance for rehab, your employer might be able to help. Some companies can help you pay for treatment through benefits, financial assistance programs, and Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs).
Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs)
An EAP is a confidential program that provides assessments, counseling, and referrals to help employees work through life challenges, including alcohol and drug addiction. These programs promote health and wellness in the workplace. That means you won’t have to worry about the consequences of seeking treatment or taking time off for rehab.
EAPs often provide short-term counseling and referrals but may not cover long-term residential treatment. They can offer resources to help you decide on the best path forward and connect you with appropriate care options, whether or not you need residential treatment.
Employer-Based Benefits
Many employers offer benefits like private health care. Some companies partner with major health insurance providers like BlueCross BlueShield or Aetna to provide health insurance for their employees. Employer-based health insurance may offer similar coverage options to private plans, including addiction treatment services covered under mental health parity requirements.
Alternative and Creative Funding Solutions
When conventional payment methods don’t cover the full cost of rehab, there are several creative approaches that many people successfully use to bridge the financial gap. These options require some effort and planning, but they’ve helped countless people access the care they need.
Creating an effective campaign requires thoughtful planning and honest storytelling. Share your story authentically, explaining why treatment is important to you and how it will impact your life. You can choose to include specific details about your treatment goals and costs, but maintain appropriate boundaries about personal information. Many successful campaigns include updates throughout the funding process and treatment journey, helping donors feel connected to your progress.
Privacy considerations are important when crowdfunding for addiction treatment. You’ll need to decide how much personal information you’re comfortable sharing publicly, as these campaigns are often visible to anyone online. Some people choose to have a trusted family member or friend manage the campaign to maintain some privacy while still accessing this funding option.
Community and Faith-Based Assistance
Many communities have resources specifically designed to help members access healthcare, including addiction treatment. These programs often fly under the radar but can provide significant financial assistance.
Religious organizations and churches may have benevolence funds or assistance programs for community members facing medical crises. Even if you’re not a regular attendee, many faith communities are willing to help those in need. Some larger religious organizations have specific funds dedicated to addiction recovery and mental health treatment.
Local community foundations often provide grants for healthcare needs, including addiction treatment. These foundations usually serve specific geographic areas and may have application processes that consider your income, family situation, and treatment needs. You can contact the 211 helpline to learn about available programs in your area.
Bartering and Work-Exchange Programs
Some treatment facilities and healthcare providers offer arrangements on a case-by-case basis that may allow you to exchange skills or labor for reduced treatment costs.
Working at treatment facilities is an option some addiction centers (usually longer-term residential programs or sober living facilities) offer. You might work in a support position in exchange for reduced fees. These arrangements often work best for people with extended stays who can contribute meaningful work while receiving care.
Skills-based exchanges allow you to use your professional expertise to offset treatment costs. If you have skills in marketing, web design, accounting, construction, or other areas, some smaller treatment centers might be willing to negotiate reduced fees in exchange for your services. This approach may work better with independent practitioners or smaller facilities that need specific expertise.
Understanding Treatment Costs and What Affects Them
Before exploring rehab options, it helps to understand what drives treatment costs and what you can expect to pay. Addiction treatment prices vary widely based on a few main factors:
Level of Care and Length of Stay
Residential or inpatient treatment provides 24-hour care and is typically the most expensive option, ranging from $6,000 to $60,000 or more for stays of 30 to 90 days. Standard residential programs usually cost $6,000 to $20,000 for 30 days, while luxury facilities can charge $40,000 to $60,000 or more for the same duration. Extended stays increase these costs. These programs include housing, meals, round-the-clock staff support, individual and group therapy, and structured activities.
Partial hospitalization programs (PHPs) bridge the gap between inpatient and outpatient care, typically costing $350 to $450 per day. These programs provide intensive treatment during daytime hours while allowing you to return home each evening. A typical PHP lasting 2 to 4 weeks would cost approximately $5,000 to $12,000.
Intensive outpatient programs (IOPs) allow you to receive substantial treatment while living at home, typically costing $3,000 to $10,000 for a complete program. IOPs generally require 10 to 20 hours of treatment per week for 6 to 12 weeks. The cost variation depends on program length, session frequency, and included services such as individual therapy or medication management.
Standard outpatient treatment offers the most affordable option, ranging from $1,400 to $10,000 depending on the duration and intensity of services. Basic outpatient programs with weekly group sessions may cost as little as $1,400 for several months of treatment, while comprehensive programs that include individual therapy, family sessions, and psychiatric services can reach $10,000 or more.
Geographic Location
Location plays a major role in the price of treatment. Urban areas and regions with higher costs of living typically charge more for treatment services. For example, residential treatment in California or New York can cost significantly more than similar programs in rural areas or states with lower living costs. But higher-priced locations don’t always mean better care—it’s possible to find high-quality quality programs across all price ranges.
Facilities and Amenities
Luxury rehabs with resort-style accommodation, spa-like amenities, and gourmet dining charge premium rates. While these extras can make the treatment experience more comfortable, they’re not necessary for effective recovery. Look for facilities accredited by organizations like The Joint Commission or CARF (Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities), which indicates quality standards regardless of amenities.
Staff-to-Patient Ratio
Programs with lower ratios—meaning more staff per patient—charge more but may also provide more individualized attention and specialized care. Higher ratios often mean more group-based treatment, which can still be highly effective but costs less to deliver.
Specialized Services
Additional services might add significant costs, but may be essential for your recovery. Medical detox provides 24-hour medical supervision of withdrawal symptoms and is often medically necessary for safe withdrawal from opioid, benzo, or alcohol addiction. Medication reviews and management by psychiatrists or addiction medicine specialists are crucial for many people but may cost extra beyond basic treatment programs.
Emerging therapies like ketamine-assisted therapy or other psychedelic treatments are increasingly available but remain expensive, often costing $500–$1,500 per session.
Hidden Costs to Consider
Unfortunately, many people are unaware of the additional expenses that accompany addiction treatment, which can add up to thousands of dollars to your total investment.
For family members, transportation and lodging costs can be substantial if your treatment center is far from home. Family members may need to take time off work and pay for hotels, meals, and transportation to family therapy sessions or visiting days. If you’re traveling across the country for specialized treatment, factor in airfare and extended lodging costs for family members who want to participate in your recovery journey.
Lost wages during treatment are a significant hidden cost that many people overlook. Even with job protection under the Family and Medical Leave Act, most treatment time is unpaid. A month in residential treatment could mean losing at least a month’s income. Some people need to arrange for childcare or eldercare during treatment, which adds to the expenses.
Aftercare and continuing care are vital to long-term recovery but often aren’t included in primary treatment costs. Ongoing individual therapy may cost $100 to $200 per session, sober living arrangements can cost $1,500 to $2,00013 or more per month, and outpatient programs for continuing care add hundreds or thousands more to your recovery investment.
Medication costs might be an ongoing expense after treatment ends. Medications for mental health conditions, medication-assisted treatment for opioid addiction, or other prescribed drugs can cost hundreds of dollars monthly, especially if not fully covered by insurance. Some people also invest in alternative therapies, nutritional supplements, or wellness programs to support their recovery.
These additional therapies and supports aren’t necessarily a bad thing—many of them are important investments in your long-term recovery. But it helps to be aware of them so you can plan your rehab budget accordingly.
Planning for Long-Term Recovery Costs
Recovery doesn’t end when you complete your initial treatment program. Ongoing recovery is equally important for maintaining long-term sobriety. Planning for these costs upfront helps you budget effectively and avoid financial stress that could impact your recovery.
Ongoing Treatment Expenses
Continuing therapy and counseling represent one of the most important long-term investments in your recovery. Individual therapy sessions typically cost $100 to $200 per session, and many people benefit from weekly or bi-weekly sessions for months or years after completing primary treatment. Group therapy and support meetings may cost $20 to $50 per session, offering more affordable ongoing support options.
Medication-assisted treatment costs can be substantial for people recovering from opioid addiction or those managing co-occurring mental health conditions. Medications like buprenorphine, methadone, or naltrexone may cost $200 to $500 monthly, depending on your insurance coverage and pharmacy benefits. Psychiatric medications for depression, anxiety, or other mental health conditions can add another $50 to $300 monthly to your recovery budget.
Sober livingprovides structured housing for people transitioning from residential treatment back to independent living. These facilities typically cost $500 to $2,000 per month, depending on location and amenities. While this represents a significant ongoing expense, sober living environments offer valuable peer support and accountability during the vulnerable early months of recovery.
Building Financial Stability in Recovery
Creating a recovery budget should include both ongoing treatment costs and your usual living expenses. Start by tracking your essential recovery expenses, like therapy, medications, support group meetings, and transportation to appointments. Factor in potential income changes if addiction has affected your employment, and plan for gradually increasing your earning capacity as your recovery strengthens.
Emergency funds for treatment needs are essential when unexpected challenges arise in recovery. Set aside money for bumping up therapy sessions if you need extra support or temporary increases in medication costs. Having $1,000 to $3,000 available for recovery-related emergencies can prevent financial stress from interfering with your progress.
Building financial stability often requires patience and strategic planning. Recovery may initially impact your earning capacity, but it also eliminates the enormous costs of active drug abuse. Many people find that the money they once spent on substances can be redirected toward building savings, paying down debt, and investing in their long-term health and well-being.
Your Health Is Worth It: Take a Step Toward Recovery Today
Paying for addiction treatment can seem overwhelming, but there are plenty of options available to make recovery possible. Start by exploring multiple options and creating a plan that works for your specific situation.
Treatment is an investment in your future health, relationships, and quality of life. You can take the first steps by researching treatment options and their payment policies. Many facilities have financial counselors who can help you navigate insurance, apply for assistance programs, and create payment plans that fit your budget.
Ready to take the next step? Use our search tool to find a rehab that accepts your insurance, and talk to their admissions team about getting the help you need.
FAQs
Q: What are the different health insurance plans for drug and alcohol rehab?
A: Health insurance plans for rehab typically include health maintenance organization (HMO) and preferred provider organization (PPO) options. HMO plans cover services within your care network, while PPO plans offer the flexibility to use out-of-network providers for an additional cost.
Q: Does insurance cover out-of-network rehab providers?
A: Out-of-network providers are not contracted with your insurance company, so coverage varies by plan type. PPO plans may cover some costs for out-of-network providers, but HMO plans generally do not unless it’s an emergency.
Q: What government assistance programs can be used to pay for rehab?
A: You can use government-funded health insurance programs like Medicaid and Medicare to pay for rehab services. Medicaid covers mental health and substance use disorder services for people with low or no income, while Medicare provides coverage for substance abuse treatment for people aged 65 or older.
Q: Are there payment plans for rehab?
A: Yes, many treatment centers offer payment plans that allow you to pay for treatment over time with fixed monthly amounts. Keep in mind that payment plans may include interest charges, which increases the total cost if payments are extended over a longer period.
Q: How to get funding for rehab?
A: Start by checking your insurance coverage, then explore government programs like Medicaid or Medicare if you qualify. Additional funding sources include employer assistance programs, scholarships and grants from organizations like SAMHSA, community and faith-based initiatives, crowdfunding, and treatment center financing options.
Q: How much does drug and alcohol rehab cost?
A: Treatment costs vary widely based on the type and location of care. Residential treatment ranges from $6,000 to $60,000+ for 30-90 days, intensive outpatient programs cost $3,000 to $10,000, standard outpatient rehab runs $1,400 to $10,000, and partial hospitalization programs cost $350 to $450 per day.
Q: What financial assistance options are available for drug and alcohol rehab?
A: Financial assistance includes insurance coverage, Medicaid and Medicare, employer assistance programs (EAPs), income-based sliding scale fees, scholarships and grants, crowdfunding, community and faith-based recovery support, and work-exchange arrangements. Many treatment centers also offer their own financial assistance programs for qualifying patients.
Q: What are the options for financing drug and alcohol rehab?
A: Financing options include treatment center payment plans, medical credit cards, personal loans from banks or online lenders, healthcare-specific loans, family loans, and using retirement funds through 401k loans or hardship withdrawals. Some centers partner with third-party financing companies to offer additional options.
Q: Can insurance cover the cost of drug and alcohol rehab?
A: Yes, all health insurance companies are required to cover addiction treatment to some extent due to mental health parity laws and the Affordable Care Act. Coverage varies by plan, but most insurance covers inpatient treatment, outpatient programs, counseling, and medication-assisted treatment as essential health benefits.
Q: What insurance plans cover drug and alcohol rehab?
A: Both HMO and PPO plans cover addiction treatment, along with government insurance like Medicaid and Medicare. Employer-based insurance plans typically offer similar coverage to private plans, and all must include addiction treatment under mental health parity requirements, though specific coverage details vary by individual plan.
Q: How to pay bills when in rehab?
A: Plan for lost wages during treatment by saving money beforehand, arranging for family financial support, or using paid time off if available. Consider automatic bill payments, ask family members to help manage finances temporarily, and communicate with creditors about payment arrangements if needed during your treatment period.
It can be hard to trust what you hear about alcohol addiction. And when you’re planning for recovery, you need to know exactly what you’re facing. These alcohol facts can help you make important decisions about treatment.
1. Alcohol Addiction Is a Chronic Disease
Alcohol addiction is a chronic disease1 with serious, long-term health effects. This condition is also known as alcohol use disorder (AUD) or alcoholism. AUD is highly treatable and can go into long-term remission.
2. Alcohol Use Disorder Can Affect Anyone
Anyone can develop AUD, regardless of age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and so on. Because alcohol is socially acceptable in most parts of the world, it can be hard to tell when your drinking gets out of hand.
3. Alcohol Addiction Affects Nearly 30 Million People
The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAA) tracks alcohol facts and statistics in the U.S. According to their most recent data, 28.6 million adults had alcohol use disorder2 in 2021. That’s 11.3% of everyone in the country aged 18 or older.
4. Your Genetics, Environment, and Other Factors Can Lead to Alcohol Addiction
Many factors can make you vulnerable to alcohol addiction.3 For example, alcohol addiction tends to run in families. On the surface, that implies AUD is genetic. But this could also be an environmental issue, because childhood trauma increases your risk of addiction. Studies show that mental health issues like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression can also play a role.
5. Long-Term Alcohol Abuse Has Serious Health Impacts
For most people, alcohol use disorder is progressive.6 In other words, it gets worse over time. Without proper treatment, your alcohol addiction will likely get more severe.
Without proper treatment, withdrawing from alcohol can be fatal. When you first enter recovery for AUD, it’s extremely important to get the medical care you need.
8. There Are Many Treatments for Alcohol Addiction
There are countless ways to heal from addiction. Rehab for alcohol addiction can include a combination of medical treatments, talk therapy, support groups, and other activities. Different programs offer various types of therapy. Some even develop individualized care plans for each client.
9. Alcohol Addiction Often Co-Occurs With Other Mental Health Disorders
Alcohol addiction commonly co-occurs with other mental health issues. People with AUD have higher rates of depression,8 anxiety, PTSD, and other substance use disorders. If you’re healing from multiple conditions at once, you will likely need specialized treatment.
10. Alcohol Use Disorder Has a High Relapse Rate
Relapse is a common part of alcohol addiction recovery. In one study, at least 60% of people with AUD relapsed9 within the first year of recovery. Certain risk factors — like clinical depression — make relapse more likely. On the other hand, having a strong support network reduces your risk of relapse.10 That could include a therapist, support groups, family, and trusted friends. Building out your support system is an essential part of healing. You can start this process during rehab by making a specific plan for aftercare.
11. Alcohol Addiction Affects Relationships
Alcohol abuse can profoundly affect your closest relationships, in every stage of addiction and recovery. While untreated AUD can severely impact whole families,11 treatment has the opposite effect. Experts say it’s impossible to separate alcohol addiction from family dynamics. That’s why many rehabs offer family therapy as a central part of treatment.
12. Alcohol Addiction Can Impact Cognitive Function
Drinking alcohol, and especially alcohol abuse, can interfere with brain function.12 Specifically, it interferes with memory, motor function, and judgment. These effects are worse for teenagers and for people with chronic, long-term addiction.
13. Early Intervention Can Make a Huge Difference
Early intervention and treatment for alcohol addiction can significantly improve the chances of successful recovery.
14. Social Support Can Help You Recover
Social support is essential during recovery13 from alcohol addiction. A wealth of data shows that people with stronger relationships recover more quickly and completely. Your support network could include family, friends, colleagues, your care team, and members of a support group. Given the high success rate of Alcoholics Anonymous (A.A.), it might be a good place to start building your community.
15. Alcohol Addiction Is a Diagnosable Medical Condition
Despite the stigma surrounding addiction, healthcare professionals agree that AUD is a serious medical issue. The American Psychiatric Association (APA), for example, explains that people with alcohol addiction “have lost reliable control of their alcohol use.14 It doesn’t matter what kind of alcohol someone drinks or even how much: Alcohol-dependent people are often unable to stop drinking once they start.” If you have a diagnosis of AUD, you’ll probably need professional treatment to recover.
16. Excessive Drinking Can Weaken Your Immune System
Heavy drinking can interfere with immune function.15 As a result, chronic alcohol abuse increases your risk of pneumonia, respiratory problems, liver disease, and certain types of cancer. People with AUD have a higher rate of complications after surgery and may heal from injuries more slowly.
18. Binge Drinking May Increase Your Risk of Addiction
Recent studies show a link between binge drinking and alcohol addiction.18 We still need more information about how they relate. It could be true that binge drinking raises your risk of developing an addiction in the future. On the other hand, some say that binge drinking itself is a sign of addiction. If that’s the case, the act itself wouldn’t increase your risk of AUD. But either way, it can still qualify as alcohol abuse. If you binge drink regularly, you might consider getting treatment for alcohol addiction.
19. Relapse Is Not Failure
Relapse is a common part of recovery from alcohol addiction. It is not a sign of failure. When you think of AUD as a disease, it’s easier to make sense of this pattern. The National Institute of Health (NIH) compares addiction to other chronic conditions,19 like asthma and high blood pressure: “Relapse is common and similar across these illnesses. Therefore, substance use disorders should be treated like any other chronic illness. Relapse serves as a sign for resumed, modified, or new treatment.”
20. Underage Drinking Can Lead to Alcohol Addiction
Drinking as a teenager20 increases your risk of developing AUD as an adult. One study found that people who drank alcohol before age 15 were 3.5 times more likely to abuse alcohol. Underage drinking can also change or interfere with the way your brain develops. For teenagers with alcohol addiction, family therapy is usually an important part of treatment.
21. Integrated Treatment Can Help
If you have a mental health diagnosis in addition to AUD, it’s called dual diagnosis. Recovering from co-occurring disorders can be complex. Studies show that it’s most effective to treat mental health issues and addiction21 at the same time. By integrating different types of therapy, you can address the root cause of both issues simultaneously. Many residential rehabs use this holistic approach to treatment.
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: This condition is a rare type of dementia. It affects people who drink so heavily, for such a long time, that they develop severe vitamin B-1 deficiencies. Symptoms include confusion, memory issues, poor judgment, hallucinations, and cognitive decline.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Alcohol increases your risk of TBI, either due to accidents or aggressive behavior. Up to 81% of people with TBIs are intoxicated when they first sustain their injuries.
Alcohol-related brain damage (ARBD):23 While ARBD mimics dementia, it has some key differences. For one thing, it usually doesn’t worse over time. This condition usually affects people in their 40s or 50s. With proper treatment, many patients can completely recover.
23. Different People Need Different Types of Treatment
There are many factors to consider when you’re planning recovery. For example, do you need to detox from alcohol before starting rehab? While you’re in treatment, will you need ongoing medical care? Are you interested in attending a faith-based program that follows the 12 Steps? There’s no right or wrong way to approach treatment, but it’s important to find a center that can meet your unique needs.
When you drink more than your body can handle, you might start wondering, “How long does alcohol poisoning last?” The short answer is, it’s different for everyone. But a few factors can make it easier or harder to get through alcohol poisoning. Learn what to expect, and how to know when you need medical attention.
What Is Alcohol Poisoning?
Alcohol poisoning is another term for alcohol overdose.1 At first, it can look or feel like a person is just drunk and relaxed. But the signs of overdose can sneak up on you, with very serious consequences.
When someone has too much to drink, they may start slurring their words or vomiting. Often, alcohol poisoning makes you lose consciousness. If you see someone develop these symptoms while drinking, they may need medical attention.
Alcohol overdose occurs when a person’s blood alcohol content (BAC) gets too high. While your BAC is related to the amount you drink, it’s not identical. Your height, weight, alcohol tolerance, and hydration levels can all affect how quickly you get drunk.
If your BAC gets high enough, alcohol poisoning can be life-threatening. According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), a blood alcohol level of 0.31% carries a “significant risk of death in most drinkers due to suppression of vital life functions.”
For example, choking is one of the greatest dangers of alcohol poisoning. Overdose can make you lose consciousness and vomit, possibly at the same time. It also inhibits your gag reflex. If you start to vomit in your sleep, you risk asphyxiation. This experience can cause permanent brain damage, and it can be fatal.
On average, your liver processes the equivalent of 1 standard drink an hour. But that’s just an estimate. And there’s a chance your symptoms will get worse before they get better. That’s because it takes time for alcohol to take effect. If you notice symptoms while you’re still drinking, they may intensify as your body processes the rest of the alcohol you consumed.
“Do not wait for the person to have all the symptoms, and be aware that a person who has passed out can die. Don’t play doctor—cold showers, hot coffee, and walking do not reverse the effects of alcohol overdose and could actually make things worse.”
When first responders arrive, they’ll probably ask several questions:
How much did the person have to drink?
How many hours ago did they start drinking?
Have they taken any other drugs?
Are they taking any medications?
Do they have any health issues?
They’ll also perform a quick exam, and probably take the person to the hospital. Treatment for acute alcohol poisoning7 usually includes IV fluids and airway protection to make sure they continue breathing.
Recovery Process and Aftercare
It can take many hours to detox from alcohol. Data shows that every time you have a drink, your blood alcohol levels increase quickly,8 peaking about an hour later. Then your BAC goes back down slowly over the next 4 hours. But that’s true for every drink you have—so if you drink a lot in one night, you could experience several of these peaks in a row.
This data describes the average person, so your experience may be different. Medical attention may or may not speed up the recovery process.
After the alcohol clears from your system, you may feel better right away. No matter how you feel, it’s important to follow up with a medical professional a few days later. Arrive for that appointment clear-headed and ready to talk about your health. They may need to share medical information about what happened while you were intoxicated. They might also need to officially evaluate you for signs of alcohol addiction.
Prevention of Alcohol Poisoning
To avoid alcohol poisoning, experts recommend you have no more than 1 drink per hour.9 You can alternate between alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, or alcohol and water.
It’s also important to know your limits. If you’re not feeling well, or you haven’t eaten all day, your alcohol tolerance might be lower than usual. There’s no need to “keep up with” the people around you if they’re drinking more heavily. Your body’s limits might just be different from theirs.
If and when you do drink, you can take certain actions to minimize risks. For example, you can make a plan for how you’ll get home at the end of the night. Choose a designated driver or budget to take a rideshare. Never drive after you’ve been drinking. And if possible, travel with a friend so you can each make sure the other gets home safely.
If you’re concerned about alcohol addiction, it’s never too early to start recovery. Treatment can help you address the root cause of your behavior and not just the symptoms. This approach helps clients find long-term recovery from alcohol abuse.
Drink Smarter, Not Harder
Alcohol poisoning is a type of drug overdose. It has dangerous short-term effects, and can even be life-threatening. Repeated alcohol overdoses can cause addiction, organ damage, and other serious health problems.
If you think someone has alcohol poisoning, don’t wait to be sure—get help right away. Immediate medical attention could save their life. To learn more about how to drink responsibly, you can check out these free resources:
Some people can learn to drink safely. Others are at a greater risk of addiction. Your genetics, family history of drinking, and other factors can all play a role. Despite your best efforts, you might still need help recovering from alcohol abuse.
Frequently Asked Questions About Alcohol Poisoning
What is alcohol poisoning and how long does it last?
Alcohol poisoning, also known as alcohol overdose, occurs when someone consumes a dangerous amount of alcohol, leading to severe symptoms. The duration of alcohol poisoning varies, influenced by factors such as the person’s alcohol tolerance, body weight, and hydration levels. It’s a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention.
What are the short-term effects of alcohol poisoning?
Alcohol poisoning depresses the central nervous system, causing symptoms like vomiting, confusion, low heart rate, and loss of consciousness. It can also lead to dangerous complications such as choking and breathing difficulties. If someone shows these symptoms while drinking, it may indicate alcohol poisoning and means they need prompt medical intervention.
How can alcohol poisoning be prevented?
To prevent alcohol poisoning, experts recommend consuming no more than 1 drink per hour and knowing your limits. Alternating between alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages can help. If you’re concerned about alcohol addiction, seeking early treatment can help prevent long-term health risks and complications.
THC-O is one of many new cannabis products. Since it’s so different from other types of marijuana, like THC and CBD, you might wonder what THC-O is in the first place. Is it safe, regulated, or even legal? And can it lead to addiction?
All drugs can potentially lead to addiction—even marijuana. To keep yourself safe, you can learn more about THC-O and how it works.
Compared to some of the natural compounds in cannabis, THC-O produces profound psychoactive effects. THC-O is almost 3 times stronger than regular THC. People who use THC-O call it a “spiritual cannabinoid.”3 Some also use it for anxiety, nausea, sleep, and pain management.
How Long Does It Take For THC-O to Kick In?
The onset time of THC-O varies depending on several factors, including your metabolism, dosage, method of consumption, and tolerance. According to an analysis of social media discussions on THC-O,4 “Multiple users reported a relatively lengthy onset of effects and/or a lengthy duration of effects:”
‘Thco also takes ab 45 mins to fully hit you n last considerably longer than thc.’
‘Takes an hour to fully kick in then for me the high lasts several hours’
‘The high from thc-o lasts SIGNIFICANTLY longer than d8/even d9. like, way longer.’
THC-O typically takes longer to kick in when you ingest it orally (via edibles or capsules) compared to inhalation methods like smoking or vaping. That’s because digestion through your GI tract takes longer than absorption through your lungs, which happens rapidly. Onset time can also vary depending on the specific product.
How Is THC-O Made?
THC-O doesn’t occur naturally in marijuana. Instead, manufacturers derive THC-O from hemp plants. This chemical process takes place in a lab:
Manufacturers extract CBD, a naturally occurring cannabinoid, from the hemp plant.
Next, they use special equipment to extract Delta-8 THC, another synthetic compound.
Finally, they add a highly flammable chemical—acetic anhydride—directly to the Delta-8 THC molecules. This results in THC-O.
Is THC-O Safe?
THC-O is relatively new, and scientists are still gathering data to determine if it’s safe. But some studies paint an alarming picture.
The National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML) warns against THC-O.5 According to their website, this compound “has never been tested for safety in human studies.” But the little data we have suggests that THC-O can cause serious health problems.6 For example, THC-O vapes often include toxic chemicals. These additives can cause lung injuries and digestive issues.
Research on other synthetic cannabinoids7 like Delta-8 THC and Delta-9 THC further points to the potential dangers of THC-O. Studies link these cannabinoids to psychosis, chronic vomiting, and addiction when used at high concentrations.
The Risks of THC-O
The potential risks of THC-O are unclear for a few reasons. The 2018 Farm Bill legalized hemp at a federal level, opening the door for hemp products like THC-O. The DEA only designated THC-O as a controlled substance in 2023.
With this lack of regulation, there’s no standard procedure for producing THC-O. So its strength and quality vary drastically depending on how it’s made. When you try a new THC-O product, there’s no way to predict whether it’s safe.
What Are the Side Effects of THC-O?
The side effects of synthetic cannabinoids can be unpredictable and dangerous. While we still need more data, current research points to several side effects of THC-O.
Hallucinations
Some experts call THC-O a psychedelic drug8 much like LSD or psilocybin. It’s so powerful that, according to the Chicago Sun Times, the military once researched it as a “nonlethal incapacitating agent.” In high doses THC-O may produce hallucinations, making you see, hear, or feel things that aren’t there.
Many people use cannabis products to improve their sleep. And in moderation, THC-O might help you relax. But if you take too much, you might fall asleep by accident or sleep longer than you intended. And with unregulated drugs like THC-O, that’s easy to do. You might not know how strong it is until you feel its effects.
Vomiting
Overconsumption of cannabis—and most drugs—can make you sick to your stomach. Since THC-O has stronger effects than natural cannabinoids, these symptoms are likely to be more intense.
Paranoia
Like many cannabinoids, THC-O can bring on severe anxiety and paranoia, especially when you take too much. Paranoia, in turn, can affect other aspects of your mental health. For example, some data shows a link between paranoia and low self-esteem.10
Is THC-O Legal?
The laws surrounding this drug are complicated at best. For example, in the U.S., THC-O is illegal at the federal level. However, it may be legal in some states that permit recreational marijuana use. Since THC-O doesn’t naturally occur in hemp plants, federal law enforcement officials have classified it as a Schedule 1 drug. In other words, THC-O is a federally controlled substance.
Understanding THC-O
With so much uncertainty about THC-O it’s hard to weigh the risks of this new chemical. It’s also important to account for your personal health history. For example, if you know you’re vulnerable to addiction, this drug could be even more dangerous.
What is THC-O and how does it differ from THC and CBD?
THC-O, or THC-O acetate, is a synthetic compound similar to THC found in marijuana. It produces profound psychoactive effects and is almost 3 times stronger than regular THC. While THC and CBD are natural compounds, THC-O is a synthetic drug.
Is THC-O strong?
THC-O is significantly stronger than regular THC. It produces profound psychoactive effects and is almost 3 times stronger than regular THC. However, the strength of THC-O can vary depending on the specific product, as there’s no standardized procedure for its production.
Is THC-O safe and legal?
THC-O is a relatively new substance, and its safety is still being studied. However, data suggests significant health risks, including lung injuries and digestive issues from toxic chemicals often found in THC-O vapes. THC-O is illegal at the federal level in the United States, classified as a Schedule 1 controlled substance. Its legality may vary in states that allow recreational marijuana use.
By the time you get out of rehab, you might be looking for a new job. Perhaps the stress of your last career made your addiction worse. Or maybe you just want a fresh start as you enter the next phase of your life. Whatever your reasons, this can be a great time to make a change.
Addiction recovery is a major life transition. Your needs, goals, and abilities may be different than they used to be. And so the process of looking for work will probably be different, too. With this guide, you can learn how to find a job after rehab.
Preparing for the Job Search
Even before you start looking for a job after rehab, you can set yourself up for success. Take this opportunity to assess your strengths, skills, and interests. Start by privately answering a few questions:
What skills come naturally to you?
Of those skills, which ones do you most enjoy doing?
Imagine you have to give a 30-minute presentation on a topic of your choice, with no preparation. What topic would you choose?
Is there a subject area you want to learn more about?
Thinking about these questions can help you decide what type of job to look for. And then, you’ll know what materials to gather for your search. Depending on your field, you may need some or all of the following:
Resume
Cover letter
Professional references
Letters of recommendation
Current professional license
Diplomas or educational certificates
Review each of these documents to confirm that they’re relevant and up to date, and be prepared to make changes. You’ll probably need to send out different versions of your resume and cover letter to every potential employer. While it can be time-consuming, that strategy lets you tailor each application to the specific job at hand.
Exploring Job Opportunities
After drug or alcohol rehab, your career goals might change. Your mental health history could be part of that. For example, jobs within certain industries have a higher risk of addiction.1 If the culture of your last job supported substance abuse, you might need to change fields. Or, you might need to work part-time while you attend outpatient treatment. The important thing is to look for a job that gives you a sense of purpose and supports your larger recovery goals.
Once you know what you’re looking for, it’s time to identify specific jobs that might be a good fit. These resources can help with your search:
The National H.I.R.E. Network2 helps people with criminal records find employment opportunities. H.I.R.E. stands for “Helping Individuals with arrest and conviction records Reenter through Employment.” This advocacy group has 2 primary goals. First, they work with lawmakers to affect policy change. Second, they connect job seekers with helpful local resources.
CareerOneStop3 is a national resource published by the U.S. Department of Labor. In addition to job postings, their site offers educational materials for veterans, people with disabilities, people changing careers, and more.
SkillSPAN4 is a network of state-level coalitions that can help you prepare to find work. These organizations offer job skills training, career guidance, higher education, and more. Different resources are available in various regions. SkillSPAN is one arm of the National Skills Coalition.
Online job boards are a great place to start, but your personal network is just as important. Data shows that most job opportunities are never even posted online.5 Let your friends, family, and colleagues know you’re looking. They just might connect you with the perfect opportunity.
Crafting a Compelling Job Application
Your application materials should demonstrate that you understand the company’s needs. You can do this in several ways:
Tailor your resume and cover letter to fit each new job application. Make sure you include relevant keywords and highlight the skills that make you a great candidate.
Be honest without oversharing. Never lie on your resume—that information is easy to verify. It’s better to show a gap in employment than a false description of your work history. That being said, you don’t have to bring up new information that might undermine your goals.
Frame your experience positively. Directly address any concerns an employer might have. For example, if you have a conviction on public record, you can use your cover letter to describe your progress since then. Explain how your past experiences have helped you grow.
Navigating the Job Interview
A job interview is your chance to make a good first impression. Up until this conversation, you’re just a name on a resume. But when you meet, they can get to know you as a whole person. It’s important to demonstrate your commitment here:
Dress the part. Show up in professional attire that suits the job in question. If you’re applying to work as a restaurant server, for instance, you might want to arrive in comfortable shoes instead of 4-inch high heels.
Practice your responses to common interview questions.6 At the same time, consider how your experience has prepared you for this job. This is more than a chance to present yourself well. It’s also an opportunity to build confidence.
Decide in advance how much you want to share. There’s no one right or wrong answer here—it depends on your history and on which jobs you’re applying for. But whatever you choose, you can plan ahead to avoid being caught off guard.
If you need to talk about your history of addiction, you can discuss it positively and professionally. What did you learn from the experience, and what are you still learning? Maybe you have a stronger support system than you once did, or you know more about how the brain works. Tell the interviewer how much you’ve grown, and what your goals are for the future. You can also tell them what you’d need from a new employer. For example, if you attend A.A. meetings every Tuesday at 2 pm, you might need those afternoons off.
Disclosing Your Rehab History
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) protects people with disabilities from discrimination. In other words, you can’t be fired from a job just because you have a disability. The ADA applies to people with substance use disorders7 and mental health issues. These protections last throughout recovery, but they change in each stage of the hiring process.
While You’re Applying
Your potential employer may not ask if you have a disability.
If you disclose that you have a disability, your potential employer may not ask about the nature of that disability.
If your potential employer asks about your disability, violating the ADA, you are not required to answer.
Even if you answer questions that violate the ADA, you are eligible for ADA protections.
After You Get Hired, Before Starting the Job
Your new employer may ask questions about your medical history, including addiction, as long as they’re relevant to the job.
Your new employer may ask about your current alcohol and drug use.
If asked, you must answer questions about your disability. However, if they don’t ask, you’re not legally required to volunteer new information.
After Starting the Job
Your employer can only ask about your condition if it’s directly relevant to your ability to do your job.
If you’re actively using drugs or alcohol—or engaging in another addictive behavior that impairs your ability to work—you can legally be fired.
If you develop an addiction to a medication you only take as prescribed, you are protected by the ADA. If you take the same medication excessively, you’ll lose that protection.
It’s important to understand these laws so you can protect yourself from illegal discrimination. However, because many jobs come through personal networks, a potential employer might already know about your treatment history. Although they can’t legally ask more detailed questions, they might mention information they already have. If that happens, you can address their concerns without revealing anything new. In these conversations, look for ways to frame your recovery as a strength.
Building a Supportive Network
Finding employment doesn’t have to be a solo mission. Don’t be afraid to ask for help during this process. You can find support from many types of relationships:
Friends
Family members
Professional mentors
Career coaches who specialize in post-rehab employment
Aftercare specialists at your rehab
Reach out to your network for advice and emotional support, and to see if they know of any job openings. You might also be eligible for professional career coaching services. If you’re part of an aftercare program, ask your care team to connect you with these resources.
Don’t limit yourself to the people you already know. This is a great time to get out there and make new connections. You can do that by going to industry or networking events, attending conferences, and taking in-person classes on related topics.
Maintaining Self-Care During the Job Search Process
It’s important to commit to your recovery goals while you apply for jobs. Making a specific plan can help:
Schedule self-care. You could decide to exercise every morning or go to bed at the same time each night. There’s no need to make major changes here. What strategies do you already find helpful? Write them down, and stick to your routine while you’re trying to find a job.
Keep your commitments. Accountability is a big part of healing from addiction. Whatever your commitments are, it’s important to follow through. That could mean attending a weekly support group, taking daily medication, or responding to your therapist’s emails in a timely way.
Stay in touch. Check in with your support network regularly throughout your job search. Your loved ones can remind you that there’s more to life than getting a job. And that perspective can make you a more appealing candidate.
Learn more about how to get a job after rehab from the experts. Connect with specialists in an addiction treatment program today.
Frequently Asked Questions About Finding a Job After Rehab
How do I find a job after rehab?
Finding a job after rehab requires preparation and a clear plan. Start by assessing your strengths, skills, and interests. Tailor your resume and cover letter for each job application, and explore job opportunities online and through your personal network. Interviewing successfully involves demonstrating your commitment and framing your recovery positively. It’s also helpful to understand your rights under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and disclose your rehab history appropriately.
What resources can help me find work after rehab?
CareerOneStop, a national resource by the U.S. Department of Labor, offers job postings and educational materials. SkillSPAN, part of the National Skills Coalition, provides job skills training, career guidance, and more at the state level. The National H.I.R.E. Network helps people with criminal records find employment opportunities. Online job boards and personal networks are also valuable in job searches.
How can I maintain my sobriety during the job search process?
The job search process can be stressful, especially for those in addiction recovery. To maintain a healthy balance that’s conducive to your sobriety, schedule regular self-care activities like exercise and try to maintain a consistent sleep routine. Keep your commitments to your recovery, attend support groups, and stay in touch with your support network. Remember the importance of accountability and follow through with your commitment to long-term recovery.
Alcohol addiction looks different for different people. Your age, family history, and other mental health issues have a major impact on your drinking habits. To better understand this behavior, experts have defined a few subtypes of drinkers.
About the Subtypes of Alcohol Addiction
Alcohol is legal, accessible, and socially acceptable. Because of this, alcohol addiction is extremely common. According to one survey, 10% of teen and adult Americans have alcohol addiction.1 And you might not realize you have this condition until it gets out of hand. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAA) defines various drinking levels2 as follows:
Moderate drinking includes up to 2 drinks a day for men, or up to 1 drink a day for women.
Binge drinking raises your blood alcohol concentration to .008% or higher. For most men, that means having 5 or more drinks in 2 hours. For most women, it means having 4 or more drinks in the same amount of time.
Heavy drinking refers to a pattern of behavior. For men, it means having over 4 drinks in a given day or over 14 drinks in a week. For women, it means having 3 or more drinks in a day or over 7 drinks in a week.
On their own, these behaviors aren’t always problematic. You can have an occasional night out and still lead a balanced life. But if you binge drink or drink heavily on a regular basis, you increase your risk of alcohol addiction.
In one 2007 study, NIAA researchers defined 5 distinct subtypes of alcohol addiction.3 While these categories are not official diagnoses, some clinicians use them to aid in addiction treatment. You may or may not fit into any of the subtypes. But if you do, this framework can help you understand the root cause of your addiction. It can also help your care team design a treatment plan. If you have a loved one with alcohol addiction, learning about these subtypes can give you insight into their experience.
Social norms play a role in young adults’ drinking6 habits. For example, college students tend to drink more than other young adults of the same age. Experts believe this is because students have fewer responsibilities. If you’re working long hours, married, or raising children, you might not have time to go to parties or drink with friends.
Many young adults recover from alcohol addiction without formal treatment. As you take on more work or family commitments, your priorities will naturally change. It’s not that easy for everyone. But data shows that alcohol addiction treatment is extremely effective for this demographic.
Antisocial personality disorder, or ASPD,8 is a serious mental health issue. Having a parent with alcohol addiction increases your risk of developing this diagnosis. ASPD makes it hard to empathize with the people around you. This personality disorder can undermine your relationships and your career, and even increase your risk of legal issues.
There’s a great deal of overlap between the symptoms of alcohol addiction and ASPD. For example, impulsivity is both a symptom of ASPD9 and a common trait of people with alcohol addiction. You may often find yourself in high-risk situations, including those where you’re encouraged to drink.
Up to 75% of people with ASPD have alcohol addiction.10 Recovery from either one is a complex process. Experts recommend managing the symptoms of ASPD11 with long-term treatment. This usually includes medication and outpatient therapy. Some of the same methods might help you recover from alcohol addiction.
Functional Subtype
Dr. Howard Moss of the NIAA explains that people in this subtype experience “fewer psychosocial consequences from their alcohol dependence.”12 In other words, while this type of drinking can severely damage your health, it might not noticeably affect your relationships. People with this form of alcohol addiction tend to have a few traits in common:
Middle-aged or retired adults
Higher family income
College education
More lIkely to be married than other subtypes
If you fit into this classification, recovering from your addiction might not feel urgent. But, Moss emphasizes, you might still “be at significant risk of the biomedical consequences” of heavy drinking. In addiction treatment, your therapist can help you understand the impact your addiction has on the rest of your life.
People with functional alcohol addiction can approach recovery in several ways. Many programs, including 12-Step rehabs, encourage total abstinence. But depending on your physical health, that may or may not be necessary for you. For example, your care team might suggest you moderate your drinking instead of quitting completely. If you decide to go this route, make sure you schedule regular check-ins with your doctor, talk therapist, or another provider. They can help you stay on track throughout your ongoing recovery.
Intermediate Familial Subtype
Data shows that there’s a genetic component to alcohol addiction.13 The intermediate familial subtype14 mostly includes middle-aged people with a family history of this condition. People in this category often have co-occurring disorders, especially depression and bipolar disorder, and develop substance use disorders later in life. One study found that most people within this subtype start drinking as teenagers but don’t show signs of alcohol addiction until their 30s.
Nearly 20% of people in the intermediate familial subtype15 also use cocaine, marijuana, or both. Most also smoke cigarettes. If this is your experience, you might consider attending residential rehab for multiple addictions. While inpatient treatment won’t change your family history, it can give you the coping skills you need to move forward.
Chronic Severe Subtype
While chronic severe alcohol addiction16 accounts for just 9.2% of all alcohol addiction in the U.S., this is the most serious subtype. Most people with this condition start drinking in their teens and show signs of alcohol addiction before the age of 30. They are also at a high risk of several different co-occurring disorders:
With the right treatment, you can get through this process safely. And once your body heals, you’ll be able to focus on your long-term emotional recovery.
There’s a strong connection between drug use and crime. First of all, just having certain drugs on hand is illegal. Some people also steal to fund their addictions or act out while under the influence. If you face legal action, the judge may decide court-mandated rehab is better than jail time. You can prepare for this type of treatment by learning how it works.
What Is Court-Mandated Rehab?
Court-mandated rehab is an alternative to incarceration.1 Some judges use this option for first-time offenders. If your addiction is the main reason you broke the law, court-ordered treatment may be more appropriate than jail time.
Court-ordered rehab gives you a chance to recover from addiction. By recognizing your own mistakes, you can change your life for the better.
How to Obtain Court-Ordered Rehab?
Ultimately, a judge will decide if you’re a candidate for court-ordered rehab. Different factors can affect how you obtain treatment, like the U.S. state in which you committed a crime. There are a few steps in the process of getting court-ordered treatment:4
The judge decides if rehab is a better option than jail.
The judge decides the length of court-mandated treatment.
You attend an approved treatment center.
You can also request court-ordered rehab for someone else, even if they haven’t broken any laws. For example, the state of Massachusetts allows spouses and physicians to petition to send someone to rehab:
You submit a petition for treatment.
You go through an addiction assessment.
The court decides whether rehab is the best option.
The judge decides on the length of your treatment.
You attend an approved treatment center.
Different states have different processes for requesting this type of rehab. If you think a person in your life needs mandatory treatment, look up how to petition a judge in your area.
If the judge thinks you’ll benefit from court-ordered drug rehab, they’re more likely to offer it as an option. They’ll also consider what type of crime you committed. With non-violent offenses, like theft or drug possession, judges often recommend rehab over jail time.
The Crime Was a Result of Alcohol or Drug Abuse
The judge may also consider your reasons for committing the crime. Many people break the law to fuel their drug addiction. For example, some drugs cause painful withdrawal symptoms and severe cravings.6 Even if you’ve never stolen before, you might do anything to make those symptoms stop.
In these cases, judges may act with compassion. Court-ordered rehab holds you accountable while addressing the root cause of your behavior.
Types of Court-Ordered Rehab
There are several types of court-mandated rehab. The judge will choose between these options for you, even if they don’t pick a specific program.
Accelerated pretrial rehab focuses on getting to the root of the problem. So if you have an alcohol addiction and get a DUI for the first time, a judge might send you to pretrial rehab for alcohol treatment instead of going to trial.
Educational Programs
Court-ordered educational programs are classes that teach you about drugs and alcohol. The nature of your offense will determine which type of course you take:
Learning about the effects of addiction on yourself and the people around you
Identifying patterns of drug use and addiction
Creating a plan for positive life changes
Group Counseling Programs
A judge might send you to group counseling as a form of rehab. You’ll attend regular sessions with a therapist and 6-12 other people. In these meetings, you’ll learn coping skills and share mutual support.
Detox and Inpatient Rehab Programs
If the judge thinks you require more intensive treatment, you may attend court-ordered detox and inpatient rehab. Detox is often the first step in addiction recovery. After you complete withdrawal safely, you can transition to longer-term inpatient care.
Residential Counseling Programs
If you attend court-ordered residential rehab, you’ll probably spend up to 30 days in treatment.9 Many of these programs offer modified forms of 12-Step treatment. This kind of care provides more structure than outpatient programs. It may also focus on treating people who have committed a specific criminal offense.
Who Pays for Court-Ordered Rehab?
You have to pay for court-ordered rehab on your own. Some programs might require you to pay out of pocket, while others take insurance.
All insurance companies cover addiction treatment10 to some extent. Still, your coverage depends on the type of program and your specific insurance plan. You might also meet the criteria for government subsidies and grants.
Depending on your location, you may have a choice between treatment centers.11 Some states have specific treatment facilities for court-ordered rehab. Others let you choose a program from a list of approved rehabs.
How Long Is Court-Mandated Rehab?
The duration of court-mandated rehab varies by program.12 Educational programs and accelerated pretrial rehab programs usually require you to complete certain hours. For example, you might take a 15-hour drug offender course for your first DUI. In most areas, court-ordered inpatient programs last at least 30 days, but some U.S. states offer 60-90 days of residential substance abuse treatment.
What Are the Benefits of Court-Ordered Rehab?
While it may feel like a punishment at first, court-ordered drug rehabilitation can serve as a wake-up call. These programs can serve to encourage patients to get the help they need before facing more severe consequences.
Alternative to Jail
Jail is probably the last place anyone wants to be. Studies show people with substance use disorder benefit more from rehab than jail.13 You still have to spend time away from home in a rehab facility—but you’ll be in a space that helps you grow. During treatment, you can practice the coping skills you need to build a life you love.
Safe Environment
Going to jail puts you at risk of violence and cuts you off from social support. A space like this can do more harm than good for someone with an addiction.
Rehab programs, on the other hand, are there to help you recover. You’ll be in a protected space, with 24/7 access to a team of healthcare professionals. Their job is to keep you safe during detox and recovery.
Accountability
Both jail and rehab hold you accountable for your actions. But while jail focuses on punishment, rehab motivates patients to heal. In therapy, you can learn how to take responsibility for your future.
Support Network
In jail, there’s no guarantee that the people around you will have your best interests at heart. But you can build a strong support network in rehab. That may include your care team or other people in recovery. If your program offers family therapy, you can reconnect with loved ones while you’re still in residential treatment.
What Happens if Someone Fails Court-Ordered Rehab?
Sometimes people violate court orders by not attending therapy, skipping classes, or not taking treatment seriously. When you fail court-ordered rehab,14 the judge will decide on the consequences. They can choose between a variety of options:
The willingness to heal is a vital part of recovery. Court-ordered drug rehabilitation inspires many people to recover. Others may not be ready to commit to treatment. It all depends on the person.
Connect With a Treatment Program
Addiction and mental health issues can make it hard to recognize yourself sometimes. But there are many ways to get the help you need and start healing when you’re ready.
Frequently Asked Questions About Court-Ordered Rehab
What is court-mandated rehab?
Court-mandated rehab is an alternative to jail for people whose addiction led them to commit a crime. Instead of incarceration, a judge may order them to undergo addiction treatment to address the root cause of their behavior.
How do I obtain court-ordered rehab?
The decision for court-ordered rehab lies with the judge. If you or someone you know needs this type of treatment, you can submit a petition and go through an addiction assessment. The court will then determine if rehab is the best option and set the length of the treatment.
Who is eligible for court-mandated rehab?
Eligibility for court-ordered rehab depends on various factors considered by the judge. Offenders who would benefit from rehab, especially those involved in non-violent offenses driven by substance abuse, are more likely to be offered this option as an alternative to jail.
Craving alcohol is a normal part of addiction recovery. When you first quit drinking, your cravings might be especially intense. As you heal, you’ll learn how to recognize and control cravings. Still, the temptation might never completely disappear. Cravings might even be a lifelong challenge. But there are ways to cope with them and reduce your risk of relapse.
Understanding Alcohol Cravings
Alcohol cravings are physical and emotional urges to drink. You might feel a loss of control or an overwhelming desire to consume alcohol, even if you know it would have negative consequences. There are some clear neurochemical reasons you might experience cravings.
Alcohol addiction changes your brain,1 most noticeably in the reward center. Once drinking becomes a habit, your brain gets used to the good feelings that come with alcohol. It can grow harder to feel good without drinking. So when you quit, you might still crave that sense of reward.
Several factors can trigger alcohol cravings. Some triggers are internal, like memories and emotions. For example, if you used to drink to cope with stress at work, you may start to crave alcohol whenever you have a looming deadline.
People, places, and situations can also be triggers. You might walk by a restaurant that was your go-to happy hour spot and suddenly get the urge to drink. Triggers are unavoidable at times. But once you understand them, you can learn how to curb alcohol cravings.
Timeline: How Long Do Alcohol Cravings Last?
Detox and Withdrawal
When you stop drinking and go into acute alcohol withdrawal, your cravings will be at their most intense.4 Medical detox programs can help you manage these symptoms. In this phase of recovery, your body needs to readjust to functioning without alcohol.
Alcohol detox can be difficult and even dangerous, especially if you drank heavily for a long time. It’s crucial to get medical care when you first quit drinking. You might feel physical withdrawal symptoms,5 like restlessness, shakiness, sweating, and nausea, for the first couple of weeks after you quit drinking. Your care team will keep you safe as these symptoms subside.
Treatment and Early Recovery
Cravings often last well beyond the initial detox. It’s important to remember that everyone’s timeline is unique. While these urges usually lessen over time, you may never learn how to stop alcohol cravings entirely. Some people also develop post-acute withdrawal syndrome (PAWS),6 in which intense cravings can last up to 2 years.
During initial treatment, you can develop coping skills to manage these urges. You’ll also learn to recognize triggers before they overwhelm you. While cravings are uncomfortable, they don’t have to result in relapse.
Manage Cravings in Ongoing Recovery
By the time you leave rehab, you’ll have plenty of practice responding to triggers. And over time, as you continue to stay sober, you’ll develop more confidence in your ability to manage cravings. While your urges may not disappear, you’ll get better at living with them.
Coping Strategies for Alcohol Cravings
No matter how long your cravings last, there are many ways to cope with the urge to drink. Sometimes you can avoid triggering situations—but that’s not always possible. You can also learn how to navigate triggers without giving in to your cravings. In treatment, your care team might suggest several different strategies.
Choose Fulfilling Alternatives
No feeling lasts forever—even alcohol cravings come and go.7 Sometimes all you need to do is wait them out. During that time, you can distract yourself with an engaging alternative to drinking. You might go for a walk, listen to music, or try a new sober hobby.
Social support is a vital part of recovery10 from alcohol addiction. When you have cravings, you can ask loved ones for encouragement. You might also attend a support group or schedule an extra session with your therapist.
Professional Support and Treatment
Therapy and medication can play an important role throughout addiction recovery. A few types of treatment are especially helpful for alcohol addiction.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
In cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT),11 you’ll start by identifying the triggers and behaviors that contribute to your addiction. Then, your therapist will teach you specific techniques to use when cravings arise.
Prescription Medications
Your treatment might include medications to help you stop craving alcohol.12 Prescriptions like acamprosate, disulfiram, and naltrexone can decrease the urge to drink. This approach is especially helpful for people healing from long-term alcohol abuse.
Peer Support Groups
Support groups, like SMART Recovery or 12-Step groups, can help you connect with your peers. These programs offer fellowship, encouragement, and accountability as you move forward in recovery.
Lifestyle Changes for Long-Term Sobriety
Positive lifestyle changes13 can set you up for long-term sobriety. It’s important to create a daily routine that includes both self-care and fun activities. Maybe you used to have a drink every day at 6. You can take your mind off those memories by filling the same time slot with a new activity. Focus on what you are doing, like having coffee with a friend, instead of what you’re not doing, like going to a bar.
Recovery is a chance to build a life you love, sustainably. You can fill your time with activities you find meaningful, and ones that have immediate positive effects:
Picking up a new hobby
Eating well
Exercising
Spending time with loved ones
Expressing yourself through art, music, or writing
Learning a new skill
As you continue to heal, these new habits can become part of your daily practice. And data shows that strong routines support addiction recovery.14 You can develop a schedule that includes activities you love, and then stick to it—even when you’re craving alcohol.
Relapse Prevention
There will probably be times when you can curb alcohol cravings and times when you feel like you can’t. When you can recognize the warning signs of relapse,15 you’ll be able to get help more quickly:
Isolating yourself
Skipping meetings you usually attend
Reminiscing about drinking
Letting go of your routine
Spending time with people who encourage you to drink
When this happens, you can reach out to people you trust. For example, you might call your therapist or your original treatment program. Certain programs can also help you stay sober after treatment:
Managing alcohol cravings is a vital part of maintaining sobriety. Connect with an alcohol rehab to get the support you need to meet your recovery goals.
Frequently Asked Questions About Alcohol Cravings in Recovery
What are alcohol cravings and why do they occur?
Alcohol cravings are intense urges to consume alcohol, both physically and emotionally. These cravings are a result of the changes that occur in the brain’s reward center during alcohol addiction. When alcohol becomes a habit, the brain associates it with feelings of pleasure and reward. As a result, when you stop drinking, cravings can occur as your brain seeks that sense of reward.
How long do alcohol cravings last during recovery?
The duration of alcohol cravings varies for each individual. Initially, during acute alcohol withdrawal, they can be very intense. However, cravings may persist beyond the detox phase and throughout early recovery. Some people experience post-acute withdrawal syndrome (PAWS), where cravings can last for several months or longer. Everyone’s timeline is unique, and cravings usually lessen over time.
What are effective strategies for coping with alcohol cravings?
Coping with alcohol cravings requires a multi-faceted approach. Choosing fulfilling alternatives to drinking can help manage and reduce their intensity. These can include new hobbies or activities, practicing mindfulness meditation to reduce stress, leaning into your support network, attending support groups, seeking professional treatment, and making positive lifestyle changes. These strategies can empower you to navigate cravings and maintain long-term sobriety. Planning for relapse prevention can begin as soon as you enter recovery.
