Author: Kayla Gill

With 9 years in the rehab space, Kayla has overseen the creation of comprehensive addiction treatment content for online audiences worldwide. Her experience managing content for a luxury destination rehab, and her personal path to healing via residential rehab and various therapeutic modalities, inform her first-hand understanding of recovery. She takes inclusion seriously and is especially interested in how trauma and minority experiences shape readers’ journeys.
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Resources for Healing From Borderline Personality Disorder

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is hugely stigmatized, and not well understood by the general public. There are many resources for the loved ones and family members of people with BPD. But if you’re the one living with this condition, it can be hard to get the help you need—and deserve.

BPD is a serious mental illness, not a personal failing. You are not to blame for your symptoms. That said, you are responsible for your own recovery process. It’s not all on you, though. You can and should get expert support. You might even attend rehab for BPD. And even before you start treatment, these resources can empower you to start healing.

What Is BPD?

As the name says, BPD is in a class of mental illnesses termed “personality disorders.” But, according to psychiatric researchers at Monash University, the name is harmfully inaccurate. “Rather than as a personality disorder,” they write, “BPD is better thought of as a complex response to trauma. ((Kulkarni, J., & Walker, P. (n.d.). We need to treat borderline personality disorder for what it really is – a response to trauma. The Conversation. Retrieved September 23, 2022, from http://theconversation.com/we-need-to-treat-borderline-personality-disorder-for-what-it-really-is-a-response-to-trauma-115549)) It’s time we changed its name.”

BPD is defined by 9 diagnostic criteria. ((Biskin, R. S., & Paris, J. (2012). Diagnosing borderline personality disorder. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal, 184(16), 1789–1794. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.090618)) If you exhibit 5 or more of these symptoms, you might have BPD. Unlike some other mental illnesses, a lot of the criteria are behavioral, and not just internal. For example, the first item on the list is “frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment.” Even with treatment, your fear of abandonment might never go away. But you can learn to manage that fear, instead of acting out and damaging your relationships.

This has powerful implications. In short, it means that it’s possible to recover from BPD. ((Biskin, R. S. (2015). The lifetime course of borderline personality disorder. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne de Psychiatrie, 60(7), 303–308. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4500179/)) In one study, “slightly more than one-half the patients with BPD achieved recovery” in the long term. Experts note that there is always a risk of relapse. You may need ongoing therapy or other treatment to stay in remission. Wherever you are in your healing journey, you can use a variety of tools to support your mental health.

1. Workbooks for Recovery

There are several workbooks designed to help people living with borderline personality disorder. You can even go through some of these on your own. Others are more advanced, and can be very triggering if you don’t have expert support. Talk to your therapist about which ones are right for you, right now. As you work through these books, try to be gentle with yourself. You don’t need to move quickly, or prove you’re a “good student.” Instead, think about gradually integrating these ideas into your daily life. Move forward slowly and sustainably, instead of going so fast that you fall.

This book is a great introduction to recovery from borderline. It contains worksheets, case studies, and in-depth descriptions of the diagnosis. If you’ve just been diagnosed, these materials to learn about your recovery options.

Dialectical behavior therapy, or DBT, is a therapy designed to help people with BPD. DBT is structured like a class, with group sessions and homework assignments. You may also see a 1:1 therapist. This is the latest edition of the textbook that most DBT groups use. If you’re planning to start DBT soon, it might be helpful to flip through the book on your own beforehand. But don’t dive in too deep. Instead, wait for your therapist to guide you through the assignments.

This is an advanced workbook. If you’re already working with a therapist to treat your BPD, you can ask whether they think it would be helpful. The subject matter can be triggering, especially if you’re new to this diagnosis. But if you’ve been in recovery for some time, these insightful worksheets can take your healing process to the next level.

2. DBT Card Decks

With a therapeutic deck of cards, it’s easy to integrate mental wellness into your daily routine. Each deck contains bite-sized tips and activities, founded in a specific healing modality. You might try drawing a new card every morning, and thinking about it throughout the day. Or, you can keep the deck on hand, and shuffle through it whenever you need support. This format makes recovery more accessible, even on days when you don’t speak to your therapist.

This is a companion deck to the workbook by the same authors. It’s organized into 4 suits, which correspond to the 4 modules of DBT: ((Biskin, R. S. (2015). The lifetime course of borderline personality disorder. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne de Psychiatrie, 60(7), 303–308. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4500179/)) mindfulness, interpersonal effectiveness, emotion regulation, and distress tolerance. Each card describes an activity you can do to practice your DBT skills.

This deck uses the same 4 modules of DBT, and it adds a 5th: Dialectics. In that suit, you’re asked to hold 2 opposing ideas in your mind at the same time. For example, one card reads: “Think about someone’s ideas or perspectives that are disagreeable to you. Now find the kernel of truth in those ideas or perspectives from that person’s vantage point. Is there a middle ground between the extremes?”

The second edition of Pederson’s DBT deck contains even more ideas and activities for people living with BPD.

3. Self-Help Books

If you learn best by reading, you might want to check out these books about mental health. And you don’t only have to read about borderline personality disorder. In fact, learning too much about BPD too fast can interfere with your healing process. A lot of information can be triggering, especially if it perpetuates stigma. If you’re just starting your recovery journey, they can wait. Instead, you might want to start with more practical guides to improving your daily life. And of course, if your therapist recommends you read more about BPD, there’s always more to learn.

Written by a psychotherapist, this book is based on the principles of acceptance and commitment therapy (or ACT, pronounced like the word “act”). Harris teaches that you can live a meaningful life when you stop trying so hard to be happy. The pressure to achieve some imaginary goal can actually get in your way. You’ll also learn about mindfulness exercises, which can be especially helpful for people for people with BPD.

There’s a difference between codependency and borderline personality disorder, ((Dependency, codependency, and bpd(Borderline personality disorder). (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kW1_8pBmkXE)) but they often co-occur. According to BPD specialist Dr. Daniel Fox, ““Those with BPD are at a high likelihood to have dependency and codependent traits.” This book is considered the gold standard for recovery from codependency. But it’s rooted in the principles of 12-Step recovery, which aren’t a great fit for everyone. Specifically, the author writes from a spiritual perspective, often referencing a Christian higher power. The practical tools in this text might still be helpful, even if you don’t share those beliefs.

4. Positive Media Representation of Borderline Personality Disorder

It can be hard to find respectful representations of people with borderline. And there are all too many movie villains who exhibit BPD symptoms. When you’re entering recovery, it’s best to avoid these harmful narratives. Fortunately, there are a few examples of main characters who are actively trying to heal from this serious condition.

Don’t let the title fool you. In fact, the writers use it as a tool to highlight the stigma against BPD. The main character, Rebecca Bunch, often talks about how hurtful it is to be referred to this way. The series begins before her diagnosis, and follows her through a mental health crisis and early recovery. Critics agree that Crazy Ex-Girlfriend is a deeply empathetic look at life with borderline personality disorder. This is a fictional portrayal of BPD, and it certainly won’t resonate with everyone. (Especially if you don’t like musical theater.)

In her memoir, Gelder fearlessly confronts some common experiences of people with BPD. First, she describes the instability of life before her diagnosis. Her healing journey is non-linear, with bouts of therapy, remission, and relapse. Her self-compassion may be inspiring for people just starting to think about recovery.

5. Finding the Right Therapist

Therapy is an essential part of healing from many mental illnesses. Borderline is no exception. And since BPD is often related to childhood trauma, ((Bozzatello, P., Rocca, P., Baldassarri, L., Bosia, M., & Bellino, S. (2021). The role of trauma in early onset borderline personality disorder: A biopsychosocial perspective. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.721361)) healing can be complex. While you’re learning new skills, you may also have to work through painful memories. But with the right support, healing can be empowering—and even joyful.

Not every therapist is qualified to treat people with BPD. If you’re just getting started, look for a provider with experience in some of these areas:

  • Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is an extremely common way to treat borderline personality disorder. Classic DBT combines group and individual sessions. But a therapist might be trained in these techniques even if they only offer 1:1 therapy.
  • Mindfulness can be very helpful for people healing from BPD. In fact, DBT is based on the principles of buddhism.
  • Trauma-informed care is designed to treat people with PTSD, c-PTSD, or just a history of trauma. Since there’s so much overlap between BPD and trauma, this approach might be a good fit for people with this condition.

Living Well, With BPD

If you have BPD, it’s important to take your recovery seriously. With the right support, you can absolutely go into remission. And you can go on to live a full and meaningful life. In time, the criteria for this diagnosis might not even fit you any more.

But healing isn’t simple. And a lot of your work in therapy will center around learning to accept contradictions. One of these is: you are doing your best, and you can learn to do better. Living well is hard work, but it’s worth it. And there are plenty of resources to help you get started.

Reach out to a rehab center that treats BPD to learn more about their types of therapy, pricing options, aftercare programs, and more.

Reviewed by Rajnandini Rathod

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Can Animal-Assisted Therapy Actually Help You Heal?

Some people find it easier to relate to animals than to other humans.

Animals are easy to be around, as they’re nonjudgmental and unconditionally loving. And those can be especially helpful qualities when you’re working through vulnerable issues.

In animal-assisted therapy (AAT), animals like horses, dogs, and dolphins support the therapy process by helping people feel safe to explore feelings they might otherwise struggle to get in touch with.

The Basics of AAT

All animal-assisted therapies share the following qualities:

  • They’re goal-directed.
  • They aim to improve physical, social, emotional, or cognitive function.
  • The animal is a central part of treatment.
  • A licensed service provider facilitates the interaction.

AAT can take place in group or individual settings. It’s important to note that animal-assisted therapies are an addition to primary care. ((Monfort Montolio, M., & Sancho-Pelluz, J. (2020). Animal-assisted therapy in the residential treatment of dual pathology. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(1), 120. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010120)) In rehab, you’ll likely work through a treatment plan based on psychotherapy, with AAT and other complementary therapies supporting your experience.

Some facilities even allow you to bring your pet to rehab.

Which Animals Does Animal-Assisted Therapy Use?

Therapists may bring various animals into an AAT session:

  • dogs
  • cats
  • horses
  • farm animals
  • birds
  • dolphins
  • reptiles

Some animals are more popular in treatment programs because their personality traits lend themselves to therapeutic goals. While you may be more likely to encounter horses, dogs, and dolphins, which animals your rehab works with will depend on their location, facilities, and staff.

When choosing an AAT program, consider which animals you feel a stronger connection with. For example, you might resonate more with dogs if your beloved childhood pet was a golden retriever. “Some people just have preferences for other animals ((Sawicki, R. (2022, March 5). Animal-Assisted Therapy Brings Joy to a Delaware Prison. U.S. News & World Report; U.S. News & World Report L.P. https://www.usnews.com/news/best-states/delaware/articles/2022-03-05/animal-assisted-therapy-brings-joy-to-a-delaware-prison)) and it triggers some memories for them that were positive,” said Rachel Boulden, a treatment administrator at Baylor Women’s Correctional Institution.

Equine Therapy: “Horses Don’t Judge”

In equine therapy (ET), therapists use horses to facilitate connection, comfort, and healing. ((Marchand, W. R., Andersen, S. J., Smith, J. E., Hoopes, K. H., & Carlson, J. K. (2021). Equine-assisted activities and therapies for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: Current state, challenges and future directions. Chronic Stress, 5, 2470547021991556. https://doi.org/10.1177/2470547021991556)) Sessions usually involve tasks like grooming, riding, or walking the horse. Your therapist will assess your comfort level with horses before asking you to do any activities—in fact, the first session often involves simply getting to know the horse.

This nonjudgmental space helps people feel more at ease expressing their emotions. According to Janice Story, an Equine and Meditation Coach at Soberman’s Estate, “The horses are incredible at helping our clients feel connected because horses don’t judge. Our clients immediately feel a connection with them. It helps teach them trust. It teaches them communication and boundaries.”

sobermans estate equine therapy

In addition to working on communication, equine therapy can also help with confidence. Horses are large animals, which might feel intimidating for some. Many patients find that overcoming these fears raises their self-esteem.

Canine Therapy: “You Could Feel All That High-Stress Energy Had Just Dissipated”

Canine-assisted therapy, also known as dog-assisted therapy, is the most popular form of AAT. During sessions, people can interact with the dog—they might pet them, talk to them, or simply sit with them.

“You could feel all that high-stress energy had just dissipated and you see the person petting the dog and having a conversation with the handler,” ((Pooch Power: Therapy Dogs Bring Quick Relief in the ER. (2022, March 10). U.S. News & World Report; U.S. News & World Report L.P. https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2022-03-10/pooch-power-therapy-dogs-bring-quick-relief-in-the-er)) says sociology professor Dr. Colleen Anne Dell. “Sometimes they’re having conversations. Sometimes they’re not. Sometimes the dog is just snuggling up to them and they’re getting that comfort from that animal.”

Dolphin Therapy: “They Connect With You Somehow”

Dolphin-assisted therapy sessions ((Fiksdal, B. L., Houlihan, D., & Barnes, A. C. (2012). Dolphin-assisted therapy: Claims versus evidence. Autism Research and Treatment, 2012, 839792. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/839792)) start with simple interactions, like touching or giving commands to the animals. You might care for the dolphin, or simply observe it. After you feel more comfortable, you may complete various exercises that involve swimming or playing with the dolphins.

The length and duration of sessions vary from program to program. Dolphins are usually captive, though some facilities use wild dolphins. At Hawaii Island Recovery, clients can swim with wild spinner dolphins.

Environmentally conscious treatment seekers should note that this therapy is controversial. While many purport its benefits, others say there’s no science to support it. ((Inside the murky world of dolphin therapy. (2021, August 11). Animals. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/inside-the-murky-world-of-dolphin-therapy))  Claims that captivity causes dolphins psychological harm ((MacDonald, James. “The Ethics of Research on Captive Dolphins.” JSTOR Daily, 7 Oct. 2019, https://daily.jstor.org/the-ethics-of-research-on-captive-dolphins/.)) are widely known, but the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration also advises against dolphin interactions in the wild. ((Fisheries, NOAA. “Six Reasons Why You Should Not Swim with Wild Spinner Dolphins | NOAA Fisheries.” NOAA, 12 Nov. 2021, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/six-reasons-why-you-should-not-swim-wild-spinner-dolphins.)) A new law in Hawaii even “prohibits swimming with, approaching, or remaining within 50 yards (45.7 meters) of a Hawaiian spinner dolphin.”

The Benefits of Animal-Assisted Therapy: Healing Through Unconditional Love

1. Animals Have Calming Effects

Spending time with animals can decrease stress, even if it’s only for a short while. One study found that interacting with therapy dogs for just 5 minutes decreased stress and anxiety ((Kline, Jeffrey A., et al. “Randomized Trial of Therapy Dogs Versus Deliberative Coloring (Art Therapy) to Reduce Stress in Emergency Medicine Providers.” Academic Emergency Medicine, edited by Mark B. Mycyk, vol. 27, no. 4, Apr. 2020, pp. 266–75. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.13939.)) in emergency workers.

This might be because connecting with animals lowers levels of cortisol: ((The power of pets. (2018, February 1). NIH News in Health. https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2018/02/power-pets)) the hormone associated with stress. Research also shows that interactions with dogs increase oxytocin levels, ((Cimons, Marlene. “Your Dog Can Make You Feel Better, and Here’s Why.” Washington Post, 19 Sept. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com, https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/your-dog-can-make-you-feel-better-and-heres-why/2016/09/19/fde4aeec-6a2a-11e6-8225-fbb8a6fc65bc_story.html.)) especially when the dog is your pet. Known as the “love hormone,” oxytocin encourages relaxation and eases stress.

Bear Betty Ford animal therapy

“Oxytocin has some powerful effects for us in the body’s ability to be in a state of readiness to heal, and also to grow new cells,” ((Rovner, Julie. “Pet Therapy: How Animals And Humans Heal Each Other.” NPR, 5 Mar. 2012. NPR, https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2012/03/09/146583986/pet-therapy-how-animals-and-humans-heal-each-other.)) says Rebecca Johnson of the Research Center for Human/Animal Interaction at the University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine, “so it predisposes us to an environment in our own bodies where we can be healthier.”

2. A Safe Space to Explore Emotions

Animals aren’t judgmental beings, which is a large part of why AAT allows people to open up. Some people still feel uncomfortable sharing their deepest emotions with a fellow human, even if that human is a trained psychotherapist. But they may feel more at ease with an animal.

“They’ll sit on the ground holding the dog and say, ‘I hate talking about this’ or ‘I don’t want to admit this,’ but they’ll start talking to the dog and start sharing, and it all just comes out,” says Boulden.

3. Animals Understand You

Animals seem to understand how humans feel. Dogs in particular have more therapeutic impact ((Bolt, Charlotte, et al. “Exploring the Therapeutic Opportunities, Challenges and Psychological Mechanisms of Integrating Dogs into Psychological Therapies with Adults.” Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, vol. 47, May 2022, p. 101564. ScienceDirect, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101564.)) than other animals. This could be because of their “emotional evolution:” a result of the domestication process.

Researchers of dog-human relationships ((Gee, Nancy R., et al. “Dogs Supporting Human Health and Well-Being: A Biopsychosocial Approach.” Frontiers in Veterinary Science, vol. 8, Mar. 2021, p. 630465. PubMed Central, https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.630465.)) explain:

“Through the processes of domestication and natural selection, dogs have become adept at socializing with humans. For example, research suggests dogs are sensitive to our emotional states as well as our social gestures, and they also can communicate with us using complex cues such as gaze alternation. In addition, dogs can form complex attachment relationships with humans that mirror that of infant-caregiver relationships.”

4. Animals Reduce Loneliness and Provide Social Support

Addiction is often called a disease of isolation, ((Everything You Think You Know about Addiction Is Wrong | Johann Hari. www.youtube.com, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PY9DcIMGxMs. Accessed 29 Sept. 2022.)) and loneliness plays a major role in substance abuse. Even when substances aren’t in the picture, social isolation can significantly impact our mental health. Former Surgeon General Vivek Murthy noticed this when he spoke with people across different communities. Those who struggled with mental health issues like depression, addiction, and anxiety seemed to have one commonality: feeling alone.

Luckily, pets can help with that. ((Lee, Bruce Y. “Are You Feeling Lonely? How About Getting A Pet?” Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2019/06/02/are-you-feeling-lonely-how-about-getting-a-pet/. Accessed 29 Sept. 2022.))

Animals provide unconditional acceptance ((The power of pets. (2018, February 1). NIH News in Health. https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2018/02/power-pets)) and love, which alleviates lonely feelings. And in addition to their own companionship, animals can facilitate more social interactions with other people. “Animals can become a way of building a bridge for those social interactions,” says Dr. James Griffin, a child development expert at National Institutes of Health.

Potential Drawbacks of Animal-Assisted Therapy

1. Safety Concerns

For the most part, animal-assisted therapies are safe. Certified animals undergo rigorous training to prevent sticky situations from occurring.

But some animals are more tame than others. The risks involved in interacting with dogs or cats, for example, are far less than with horses or dolphins. “Because dolphins aren’t domesticated, ((Inside the murky world of dolphin therapy. (2021, August 11). Animals. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/inside-the-murky-world-of-dolphin-therapy)) they don’t lose their wild traits, and their behavior is difficult to predict or control,” says Toni Frohoff, a behavioral and wildlife biologist for Terramar Research.

2. AAT Can Be Expensive

For the most part, AAT isn’t cheap, especially if you travel to a new location. For example, 5 days of dolphin therapy in the Bahamas is $4,500—not including airfare or accommodation. ((Inside the murky world of dolphin therapy. (2021, August 11). Animals. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/inside-the-murky-world-of-dolphin-therapy))

3. Results Are Mixed

While research shows that it improves mental health, experts note that many of the studies on AAT are flawed. ((Kamioka, H., Okada, S., Tsutani, K., Park, H., Okuizumi, H., Handa, S., Oshio, T., Park, S.-J., Kitayuguchi, J., Abe, T., Honda, T., & Mutoh, Y. (2014). Effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 22(2), 371–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2013.12.016)) Common issues include lack of ​​follow-up studies, small numbers of participants, and possible bias from researchers. It’s also difficult to measure outcomes of AAT. A patient could feel happier as a result of environmental factors like traveling somewhere new, for example, or spending time outdoors while horseback riding.

4. Not Everyone Finds Animals Comforting

If you’ve had a traumatic experience with an animal in the past, involving them in therapy during a vulnerable time might be triggering. AAT might be more trouble than it’s worth if you dislike or are allergic to animals.

Could Furry Friends Help Your Recovery?

If you already feel comfortable with animals, animal-assisted therapy could be a great complement to your primary treatment plan. Animals help us relax, connect, and feel better about ourselves—which we can all use more of, especially in trying times.

Explore rehab centers that offer animal-assisted therapy to find out about their program highlights, facilities, accepted insurance, and more.

Reviewed by Rajnandini Rathod

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What to Do When Your Loved One Goes to Rehab

When you love someone with addiction or mental health issues, it’s easy to get overwhelmed. You might feel like you’re stuck in a loop, waiting for them to get the help they need. And when it’s hard to keep things stable right now, it’s even harder to plan for the future.

When a loved one decides to go to residential rehab, it might provide some relief, but you might also feel stressed about how to support them through this new stage of recovery. Here are some ways you can care for them, and for yourself, throughout the treatment process.

Help Them Choose a Rehab Program

Choosing a treatment center is a big decision. And after your loved one commits to getting help, it’s important for them to keep up momentum. You can support this process by doing research with them, and helping them consider their options. This might also help you feel better about the journey they’re embarking on.

1. Explore different types of rehabs. With so many types, locations, specializations, and more, there’s a lot to consider. You can start by learning about different kinds of treatment. While there are countless ways to heal, a few approaches are especially popular:

2. Encourage them to get an expert opinion. You shouldn’t be solely responsible for finding them the perfect program. And a medical professional can recommend types of addiction treatment ((Chapter 4—Assessment. (1997). Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK64828/)) that will work for their lifestyle, condition, and other needs.

3. Consider important parts of your loved one’s identity.

Educate Yourself on Addiction Recovery

1. Learn about their addiction or mental health issues, so you have a better understanding of what they’ve been going through. This can help you empathize with your loved one, and validate your complex feelings. If they don’t have a diagnosis yet, you may have to wait for an expert opinion before you can learn more.

2. Get a sense of what happens in rehab. If you’re already informed, there are aspects of treatment your loved one won’t have to explain. This can make it easier for them to tell you about their experience.

Help Them Plan Travel Logistics

1. Travel with them, or help them find a sober companion. It can be dangerous to travel to rehab alone. If you can’t accompany them, talk to their rehab center about other options. A lot of programs will help them make travel plans, and even give them a ride from the airport.

2. Help them pack. You can use this packing list as a starting place.

3. Keep an eye out for unhealthy behaviors like self-harm or binging. Remember, you’re not entirely responsible for keeping them safe. If you have questions or concerns, you can always reach out to their treatment center or primary care physician to get help.

Offer Ground Support, Within Reason

While in rehab, their primary focus will be on recovery. So they’ll need help with things like childcare, paying bills, and other responsibilities. It’s not your job to keep everything afloat for them—even if you’re their partner. But if you want to be part of their support network, there are several ways to help. You can either take these tasks on yourself, or help your loved one find someone else to share the load.

1. Help them set up automatic payments for basic utilities, student loans, etc. so they don’t fall behind on their bills while they’re in treatment.

2. Find child or pet care in their area. Caring for someone else’s dependents is a big responsibility. And it doesn’t have to be your job. But, if you can, you might help them find another trustworthy caregiver. This can give them valuable peace of mind. And during rehab, they can stay focused on getting well.

3. Check in on their house, or help them find someone who can.

4. Clean their home before they return. You can also hire a cleaning service.

Take Care of Yourself While They’re in Treatment

Addiction takes a toll on loved ones and families. And it can be stressful to support your loved one through the early stages of recovery. While your focus may be entirely on their well-being, it’s equally important to take care of yourself.

1. See a 1:1 therapist, ideally someone that specializes in addiction. Or even better, find someone who specializes in working with loved ones of a person with addiction.

2. Set boundaries with your loved one. Remember that your needs matter, too. And when you care for yourself, you have more energy to support the people around you. Codependency can be an issue in relationships that involve addiction, so be aware of how it may affect you and your loved one.

3. Join a support group like Al-Anon, Nar-Anon, or Adult Children of Alcoholics.

4. Talk to the rehab about family or couples therapy. Bear in mind that this may not be appropriate until after your loved one settles into rehab. But once they’re ready, family therapy can help you have difficult conversations about their addiction. If your goal is to heal your relationship, this may be the best way to get started.

Your Role in Your Loved One’s Recovery

When someone decides to go to rehab, it affects their loved ones, too.. And you can play an important part in their recovery journey. But, you can only do that when you’re taking care of yourself. It can feel like you’re responsible for their well-being before, during, and after their treatment. But in fact, setting reasonable expectations will make your relationship more sustainable. And—just as importantly—it will support your healing process.

To learn more about your loved one’s options for treatment, visit our searchable directory of inpatient rehabs to see information about pricing, locations, specializations, and more.

Reviewed by Rajnandini Rathod

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Alternatives to 12-Step Recovery

12-Step programs are a popular method for addiction recovery. It’s easy to access free meetings, both online and in person. You can even find rehab centers that support your journey through the Steps. And while these programs have clear benefits, they’re not the only way to heal from addiction.

Recovery is a personal process, and principles of 12-Step recovery aren’t right for everyone.

There are as many pathways to healing as there are people in recovery.

If you’re looking for an alternative to Alcoholics Anonymous or other 12-Step fellowships, non-12-Step rehabs and support groups can help.

Non-12-Step Treatment Models

In 12-Step rehabs, providers use the Steps to frame your healing process. You might attend A.A. or N.A. meetings, receive chips to mark sobriety milestones, or talk through each Step with your therapist. But if this approach doesn’t resonate with you, you may feel excluded or disconnected during addiction treatment.  In that case, these other approaches to recovery may be a better fit.

Evidence-Based Treatments

If scientific studies show that a treatment is effective, it can be called an evidence-based method. And it’s easy to find evidence-based treatment in rehab. But even the most respected methods may or may not be effective for you. Talk to your treatment provider about which types of therapy are the best fit for your personal recovery goals.

The most common evidence-based treatments are medication-assisted treatments (MAT) and behavioral therapies:

  • Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) uses pharmaceuticals to treat addiction and prevent overdose. These prescriptions are usually combined with talk or behavioral therapy. Studies show that MAT can decrease the risk of relapse  and increase treatment retention rates. If you’re curious about MAT, talk to your treatment team about your options. Medications can be helpful for some people, but you should only ever take them as prescribed.

Behavioral therapies teach you skills to manage your thoughts and feelings about addiction. The idea is that by improving your behavior, you can also improve your mental health. There are several popular types of behavioral therapy:

  • In cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), patients learn how to identify and interrupt behavioral patterns related to addiction.
  • Motivational enhancement therapy (MET) boosts your motivation to recover ((Motivational enhancement therapy (Alcohol, marijuana, nicotine). National Institute on Drug Abuse. https://nida.nih.gov/publications/principles-drug-addiction-treatment-research-based-guide-third-edition/evidence-based-approaches-to-drug-addiction-treatment/behavioral-therapies/motivational-enhancement-therapy)) and stay sober using motivational interviewing techniques.
  • Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) teaches you specific strategies for coping with life’s challenges. This treatment is formatted like a class and has a focus on mindfulness.

Experiential Therapy in Rehab

In a rehab that offers experiential therapy, patients heal through fun, interesting activities. These treatments let you learn new skills, discover your strengths, and process your emotions in a different environment.

There are many types of experiential therapy:

Because these activities let you heal by doing, they can be a welcome break from talk therapy. And since most of them are group activities, they also help you work on interpersonal skills.

These sessions can be fun and engaging, but they’re no substitute for other treatments. Rehabs typically offer experiential therapies alongside other modalities, like talk or behavioral therapies. This combined approach lets patients get to know themselves from several different angles. And it may give you a more complete picture of your own needs.

Holistic Treatment for Addiction and Mental Health

Holistic rehabs use a variety of treatment methods to address recovery. The goal is for people to heal not just from their addiction, but also from any other mental, physical, and spiritual issues they’re facing.

Many of these centers offer individualized treatment plans for all their patients. They may offer a wide range of holistic therapies:

  • mindfulness exercises, like meditation and body awareness
  • recreational therapy
  • massage
  • art therapy
  • mindful movement like dance therapy or Tai Chi
  • psychiatric care including talk, behavioral, and medication-assisted therapy
  • nutrition therapy ((Substance use recovery and diet: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002149.htm))
  • spiritual or faith-based activities

Experts say that holistic therapies empower patients ((Breslin, K. T., Reed, M. R., & Malone, S. B. (2003). An holistic approach to substance abuse treatment. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 35(2), 247–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2003.10400006)) to “develop a stronger sense of self-identity, self-esteem, and self-confidence.”

Non-12-Step Support Groups

Many people are drawn to 12-Step groups because they’re so easy to access. You can attend them in rehab, in your hometown, or even online. But if these support groups don’t meet your needs, there are other ways to build community while you recover.

There are a few reasons the 12 Steps might not be right for you. But commonly, A.A. and similar groups work best for people who find strength in spirituality. If you prefer a more scientific approach, you might consider alternative support groups.

SMART Recovery

SMART Recovery (Self-Management and Recovery Training) ((About us. (n.d.). SMART Recovery. Retrieved from https://www.smartrecovery.org/about-us/)) is a secular approach that encourages self-empowerment to overcome addiction. Meetings are free and led by people who have used SMART in their personal recovery. Members support each other in learning healthier coping skills throughout recovery.

As a social worker in New York explains, SMART Recovery helped them recover ((Abt Associates Inc. & Hart Research Associates. (2010). Pathways to Healing and Recovery: Perspectives from Individuals with Histories of Alcohol and Other Drug Problems. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT). https://www.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/recovery_pathways_report.pdf)) because they are a “free thinker who is more oriented to understand addiction in logical and behavioral terms rather than spiritual or disease terms.”

Instead of adopting the 12-Step belief that you are powerless over your addiction, SMART Recovery teaches that you are capable of changing your life by consciously working on yourself, alongside peers and professionals.

Secular Organizations for Sobriety

Secular Organizations for Sobriety (S.O.S.) is a “nonprofit network of autonomous, nonprofessional local groups dedicated solely to helping individuals achieve and maintain sobriety.” Their meetings take place both in person and online.

These meetings are open to anybody trying to live a sober lifestyle. They welcome religious and non-religious people to support each other in a secular setting. According to their founder, James Christopher, S.O.S. is inclusive of all pathways to recovery. ((Sos. (n.d.). SOS. Retrieved from https://www.sossobriety.org)) In other words, you can attend S.O.S. meetings as part of a larger recovery plan.

Women for Sobriety

Women for Sobriety (WFS) hosts meetings in the US and Canada for women recovering from addiction. Led by women, WFS provides an inclusive environment for recovery for all women, including members of the LGBTQ+ community.

The meetings are based on 13 emotional and spiritual affirmations, and are facilitated by a person who has achieved 1 year of sobriety within the WFS program. They start with a reading of the affirmations, followed by introductions. Then group members take part in a discussion around the weekly topic.

One member explains that the WFS approach is “wonderful for women ((Abt Associates Inc. & Hart Research Associates. (2010). Pathways to Healing and Recovery: Perspectives from Individuals with Histories of Alcohol and Other Drug Problems. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT). https://www.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/recovery_pathways_report.pdf)) because it’s such a positive program. It met my needs and built my self-esteem.”

LifeRing Secular Recovery

LifeRing Secular Recovery is an anonymous organization that encourages abstinence through their 3-S philosophy: sobriety, secularity, and self-help.

They require members to remain completely abstinent. And while these groups welcome members of any religious belief,

LifeRing supports “recovery methods that rely on human efforts ((Lifering recovery menu—Lifering secular recovery. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://lifering.org/lifering-recovery-menu/)) rather than on divine intervention.”

Moderation Management

For people who want to change their relationship with alcohol, rather than become completely sober, Moderation Management (MM) is a harm reduction non-profit group that encourages bringing mindfulness to your consumption of alcohol.

MM promotes moderation as a pathway towards a healthier lifestyle. Through small, attainable steps, and peer-led group meetings, they support participants in their journey towards more manageable drinking.

As one member explained,

“the support and encouragement of the MM groups ((Testimonials. (n.d.). Moderation Management™. Retrieved from https://moderation.org/about-mm-support-overview/program-member-testimonials/)) has been invaluable to me!! Never judgement or blame; always positive reinforcement and motivation.”

While harm reduction can be helpful for some people, it’s not the right approach for everyone. For example, if you have high-functioning alcohol addiction, you might not even realize how much of a toll drinking takes on your life. In that case, harm reduction could just push the problem farther down the line. Instead, finding treatment that helps you get completely sober—12-Step or not—might be a better choice.

Explore Alternative Pathways Towards Recovery

You have a wide array of choices for rehab. And while the 12 Steps are hugely popular, they’re not the only option. You have the right—and even the responsibility—to heal in a way that meets your needs. If 12-Step treatment isn’t right for you, there are countless other ways to start recovery.

Connect with a non-12-Step rehab today to learn about different treatment philosophies, insurance options, locations, and more.

Reviewed by Rajnandini Rathod

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Dopamine and Addiction: What’s the Connection?

Addiction changes how the brain functions. It especially impacts the brain’s “reward system,” which is largely based on dopamine. This hormone is responsible for our pleasure response, along with other important functions like memory, attention, and mood.

Understanding addiction is an important part of recovery. Knowing there’s a physiological reason for your addiction can relieve some of the shame around it, so you can move forward in your healing journey. And gaining perspective on what’s driving your behavior can help you make lasting change.

A Peek Inside the Brain’s Reward System

We can experience pleasure from all kinds of activities, whether it’s exercise or scrolling social media. Our brain’s reward system is responsible for that feeling, and the desire to seek more of it.

How It Works

Your brain produces a chemical called dopamine. Dopamine is both a hormone and a neurotransmitter, meaning it’s used to send messages between your nerve cells. It’s tied to many functions, from mood regulation and memory to learning. It’s known as the “feel-good” chemical for the large role it plays in pleasure and motivation.

Dopamine is released along different neural pathways when we anticipate and experience something pleasurable. ((Trevor Haynes. (2018, May 1). Dopamine, Smartphones & You: A battle for your time. Science in the News. https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2018/dopamine-smartphones-battle-time/ )) As it’s released, it affects dopamine receptors that live along these pathways, resulting in feelings of euphoria or happiness. This is known as the reward circuit.

The reward circuit activates areas of the brain that relate to focus, learning, taking action, and motivation.

The brain builds connections between a stimulus and pleasure that follows. ((Martinez, J. L., & Derrick, B. E. (1996). Long-term potentiation and learning. Annual Review of Psychology, 47, 173–203. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.47.1.173)) Your reward circuit strengthens each time this process occurs. The more frequently it happens, the stronger your response is. Also called a reinforcing effect, it’s involved in how we form habits. ((Volkow, N. D., Fowler, J. S., Wang, G.-J., Swanson, J. M., & Telang, F. (2007). Dopamine in drug abuse and addiction: Results of imaging studies and treatment implications. Archives of Neurology, 64(11), 1575–1579. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.64.11.1575))

Cues leading up to pleasure are important. Dopamine makes us pay attention to markers that lead to a reward. This means dopamine activates before you even engage in a pleasurable activity.

This system helped early humans survive by rewarding beneficial behaviors, like eating. When it’s in balance, it allows us to stay focused, motivated, and happy. Dopamine imbalance is linked to mental health issues, like depression, and substance use disorders.

The Reward System at Different Stages of Addiction Recovery

Substances bypass the body’s natural dopamine production by directly flooding the reward system with it. Some substances do this more intensely than others:

Stimulants like cocaine can release up to 10 times the amount of dopamine your body would naturally produce. ((The brain in recovery. (2017, January 28). Recovery Research Institute. https://www.recoveryanswers.org/recovery-101/brain-in-recovery/ ))

The Early Stages of Substance Use

The first time a substance is used, it creates a direct dopamine response. This intensity of this varies from person to person. According to neurotheology specialist Dr. Cyrus H. McCandless, “you can never accurately predict how much reward you’re going to get.” ((Misunderstanding dopamine: Why the language of addiction matters | Cyrus McCandless | TEDxPortsmouth. (n.d.). Retrieved September 30, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aqXmOb_fuN4 ))

Your brain remembers everything leading up to a reward, so it can repeat the experience. This drives the desire to use more of a substance. As dopamine levels go up, serotonin, which helps us feel satisfied, goes down. This creates a cycle of wanting more while feeling less satiated.

This cycle doesn’t just apply to substance use. Altered dopamine pathways are seen in behavioral addictions, ((Grant, J. E., Potenza, M. N., Weinstein, A., & Gorelick, D. A. (2010). Introduction to behavioral addictions. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 36(5), 233–241. https://doi.org/10.3109/00952990.2010.491884 )) including gambling, shopping, and sex.

Building Tolerance

Usually, brain chemistry returns to normal after a dopamine release. But continued substance use surges the brain with dopamine until it becomes overstimulated. Over time, the body wants to balance out, so it shuts down dopamine receptors. As a result, we won’t feel the same high from using the same amount of substances as before. This is how the brain builds tolerance. ((Volkow, N. D., Wang, G.-J., Fowler, J. S., Tomasi, D., Telang, F., & Baler, R. (2010). Addiction: Decreased reward sensitivity and increased expectation sensitivity conspire to overwhelm the brain’s control circuit. BioEssays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, 32(9), 748–755. https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.201000042 ))

Addiction

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) has 4 criteria for classifying and diagnosing substance use disorders: ((McNeely, J., & Adam, A. (2020, October). Table 3, dsm-5 diagnostic criteria for diagnosing and classifying substance use disorders [abc] [Text]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565474/table/nycgsubuse.tab9/ ))

  • impaired control
  • social impairment
  • risky use
  • pharmacologic traits

The reward system plays a significant role in these.

Substances artificially change dopamine production. This can signal to the brain that substances are more important than other natural rewards. Eventually, natural rewards become less exciting and the brain learns to value substances ((MIT scientists discover fundamental rule of brain plasticity. (n.d.). MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved September 30, 2022, from https://news.mit.edu/2018/mit-scientists-discover-fundamental-rule-of-brain-plasticity-0622 )) above all else.

Neuroplasticity, or the brain’s flexibility, ((Castrellon, J. J., Seaman, K. L., Crawford, J. L., Young, J. S., Smith, C. T., Dang, L. C., Hsu, M., Cowan, R. L., Zald, D. H., & Samanez-Larkin, G. R. (2019). Individual differences in dopamine are associated with reward discounting in clinical groups but not in healthy adults. Journal of Neuroscience, 39(2), 321–332. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1984-18.2018 )) also plays a part in addiction. We can get used to higher levels of dopamine following prolonged substance use. But an overstimulated brain no longer produces as much of it. Instead, it relies on substances.

Withdrawal

It’s not possible to keep up substance-induced levels of dopamine at all times. Drops in dopamine levels can contribute to withdrawal symptoms:

  • depression
  • anxiety
  • cold sweats
  • headaches
  • and others

For many people, detox is the first step in the recovery journey. As substances leave your system, your body and brain recalibrate. Low dopamine levels during withdrawal can make this process difficult. But thanks to neuroplasticity, we can nurture our brain chemistry back to normal over time.

Note: Depending on the substance, detox can be life-threatening and shouldn’t be attempted alone.

How Long Does It Take for the Reward System to Recover?

Each person has different levels of dopamine and dopamine receptors. ((J R Beveridge, T., R Smith, H., Nader, M., & Porrino, L. (2008). Abstinence from Chronic Cocaine Self-Administration Alters Striatal Dopamine Systems in Rhesus Monkeys. Neuropsychopharmacology: Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 34(5). https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2008.135))  The time it takes for the reward system to return to normal after prolonged substance use varies. Factors like the type of substance and level of use will impact recovery time. In general, it takes the brain up to 14 months to recover.

brain recovery timeline

30 days of abstinence

Brain scans show significant improvement and more dopamine receptors in just one month of abstinence from methamphetamine. ((National Institute on Drug Abuse. “Treatment and Recovery.” National Institute on Drug Abuse, –, https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugs-brains-behavior-science-addiction/treatment-recovery.))

90 days of abstinence

Brain scans in one study showed no significant difference in dopamine receptors following 90 days of abstinence compared to 30 days. ((J R Beveridge, T., R Smith, H., Nader, M., & Porrino, L. (2008). Abstinence from Chronic Cocaine Self-Administration Alters Striatal Dopamine Systems in Rhesus Monkeys. Neuropsychopharmacology: Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 34(5). https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Representative-autoradiograms-of-3H-SCH-23390-binding-to-D1-receptors-top-panel-and_fig1_23234006 )) This indicates that recovery is possible, but it takes time.

14 months of abstinence

The brain’s reward circuit, including dopamine receptor levels, returns to nearly normal after 14 months of abstinence. ((“The Brain in Recovery.” Recovery Research Institute, 28 Jan. 2017, https://www.recoveryanswers.org/recovery-101/brain-in-recovery/.))

Repairing Your Brain in Recovery

The human brain is capable of amazing things, including the ability to modify and change throughout your lifetime. For many, it’s comforting to know that changes to the brain caused by substance use disorder are reversible. Your brain can repair and heal, if you facilitate its healing.

Rehab can help you do just that. Learn more about RehabPath and its latest announcements, and compare your options in our directory of treatment centers.

Reviewed by Rajnandini Rathod

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Does IV Drip Therapy Really Help With Detox and Recovery?

IV drip therapy is a new—and controversial—way to treat addiction. Treatment is just what it sounds like: clients receive vitamins and nutrients intravenously. The goal is to speed up detox, and help with ongoing addiction recovery. And while it sounds promising, there’s some debate about whether it actually works.

Some experts say it relieves the symptoms of detox and withdrawal. It might also ease the other physical side effects of addiction. But many doctors call for more evidence, saying this treatment isn’t worth its high price. You can try IV drip therapy at several rehab centers—but make sure you understand the pros and cons before you get started.

What Is IV Drip Therapy?

During this treatment, a medical professional administers a vitamin solution through an IV.1 These solutions consist of various vitamins and minerals, like amino acids, vitamin C and B, NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), and more. You’ll sit and relax for 30-60 minutes while the infusion enters your system. Different rehabs offer various types of IV drip therapy. They might even tailor each treatment to address your specific symptoms. 

Vitamin Infusions

In vitamin IV therapy, you’ll receive a specific combination of vitamins, minerals, and nutrients. Various treatments can target different physical symptoms. For example, studies show that the Myer’s Cocktail,2 a mixture of magnesium, calcium, B vitamins, and vitamin C, helps prevent migraines, fatigue, and respiratory issues. If you have more specialized concerns, FHE Health offers customized vitamin IV infusions.3 

NAD+ Treatments

NAD+ is a naturally occurring coenzyme. It heals and creates new cells, effectively boosting your energy levels. It also protects against stress. Experts say that NAD+ IV therapy alleviates detox symptoms.4

Some providers also use it to treat mental health issues. The Sanctuary at Sedona offers NAD+ therapy5 to clients with depression, PTSD, and anxiety, as well as addiction. Mary L. Deluca, psychiatrist and Medical Director, says that treatment improves clients’ cognition, energy levels, and sleep habits. 

Is IV Drip Treatment Effective?

The effectiveness of IV drip therapy1 is up for debate. People usually get enough vitamins from a balanced diet, and adding extra vitamins may not actually boost your health. On the other hand, some experts recommend it for detox and addiction recovery.

Reported Benefits of IV Drip Therapy

Some rehabs recommend IV therapy during recovery, especially during detox and withdrawal. Treatment may also help you heal from the physical impacts of addiction. Supporters of IV drip therapy cite several positive effects.

Experts Call for Evidence

Like most treatments, IV drip therapy has pros and cons.1 And some experts think it doesn’t work at all. Columbia University professor Dr. Ariel Igal calls it “the placebo effect.” Others say it has unnecessary risks. 

  • “There’s no actual data” to support IV drip therapy,10 addiction psychiatrist Emily Zarse told NPR. And any experimental treatment may have unforeseen side effects. 
  • Excessive vitamin intake can be dangerous.1 Water-soluble vitamins, like vitamins C and B, don’t stay in the body. The excess is immediately flushed from your system, making treatment a waste. But excess fat-soluble vitamins— like A, D, and E—are stored in the body for longer periods of time. And they can be harmful in large amounts. 
  • The high cost of IV treatments1 probably won’t be covered by your insurance. The FDA has yet to approve this type of therapy. And each 30-60 minute session can cost $100—or much more. 

Fitting IV Therapy Into Your Recovery Plan

As controversial as vitamin infusions are, they’re very helpful for some clients. But this treatment is just one way to approach recovery. If you’re interested in IV therapy, talk to your medical providers about whether it’s safe for you.

Use Recovery.com to compare treatment options at rehabs, including their pricing, insurance coverage, and other complementary therapies.

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What Is 12-Step Facilitation in Rehab?

At some point in your search for a rehab, you may have heard treatment professionals use the term “12-Step facilitation.” But what does it mean?

12-Step facilitation, or TSF, is a method used in clinical settings to promote participation in the 12 Steps as a core part of addiction treatment. Aspects of TSF are often used in 12-Step rehab.

According to the Recovery Research Institute, a nonprofit research arm of Massachusetts General Hospital, “Twelve-Step Facilitation (TSF) treatments ((Twelve-step facilitation(Tsf). (2017, February 27). Recovery Research Institute. https://www.recoveryanswers.org/resource/twelve-step-facilitation-tsf/)) are a set of semi-structured therapies designed to help people abstain from alcohol and other drugs by systematically linking them to, and encouraging their active participation in, community-based 12-step mutual-help organizations.”

In this approach, addiction treatment professionals in a formal treatment setting help you adopt the 12 Steps and apply them throughout your recovery journey. Recovery success is directly related to ongoing participation in AA and other 12-Step groups. TSF is based on the disease model, ((Hall, W., Carter, A., & Forlini, C. (2015). The brain disease model of addiction: Is it supported by the evidence and has it delivered on its promises? The Lancet Psychiatry, 2(1), 105–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00126-6)) which sees addiction as a lifelong illness. It focuses on Steps 1 through 5. ((The twelve steps | Alcoholics Anonymous. (n.d.). Retrieved October 10, 2022, from https://www.aa.org/the-twelve-steps))

Goals of TSF

The goals of TSF ((Nowinski, J., Baker, S., & Carroll, K. (1999). TWELVE STEP FACILITATION THERAPY MANUAL. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/projectmatch/match01.pdf)) involve embracing the tenets of the 12 Steps—acceptance of addiction as an uncontrollable disease, and surrender to a higher power—and using them to achieve treatment outcomes:

  • abstinence (staying sober)
  • long-term recovery
  • integrating with the 12-Step community
  • emotional and spiritual growth

What This Means for Your Treatment Experience

Meetings are encouraged.

You may track your meeting attendance and progress through the Steps in a journal, which you’ll then review with your therapist.

According to Project Match’s 12-Step facilitation therapy manual, ((Nowinski, J., Baker, S., & Carroll, K. (1999). TWELVE STEP FACILITATION THERAPY MANUAL. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/projectmatch/match01.pdf)) “Patients are actively encouraged to attend AA meetings and to maintain journals of their AA attendance and participation. Therapy sessions are highly structured, following a similar format each week that includes symptoms inquiry, review and reinforcement for AA participation, introduction and explication of the week’s theme, and setting goals for AA participation for the next week. Material introduced during treatment sessions is complemented by reading assignments from AA literature.”

At some rehabs, meetings are mandatory. Learn to Live in Hermann, Missouri implements “12-Step immersion and engagement” by encouraging patients to attend weekly meetings. These can include house meetings (which take place on-site at the treatment facility), community meetings (local meetings outside of rehab), virtual meetings, or recovery community events, and must total 5 meetings per week.

The extent to which a rehab uses TSF varies from program to program: they may only apply aspects of it, or base their program entirely on AA’s model. It’s important that your rehab’s treatment philosophy makes sense to you. Ask admissions staff for more details on how they use the 12 Steps in treatment.

Your therapists integrate the 12 Steps into your treatment plan.

In TSF, you and your therapist might track your progress to see how you’re adapting to the AA community, reflect on what came up in a specific meeting, or talk through your feelings about the program so far. Part of their job is to help you overcome barriers to attending meetings and reservations you may have about the program.

United Recovery Project explains how TSF can support the recovery journey, ((Luxury addiction treatment center – alcohol & drug rehab – united recovery project. (n.d.). United Recovery Project Florida. Retrieved from https://unitedrecoveryproject.com/12-step-facilitation-therapy/)) even after rehab:

“The goal isn’t to get them to show up to one session but rather to immerse themself to a point where they thrive.12-Step facilitation therapy may occur while someone is in a rehabilitation center or after they have finished substance abuse treatment. Participating in 12-Step facilitation therapy after leaving rehab is often most advantageous as doing so encourages you to stay on track.”

Is TSF Right for You? Connect With a 12-Step Rehab to Learn More

12 Step isn’t for everyone, but many people find it helps them get—and stay—sober. And because this approach is so highly respected, it’s easy to find aligned treatment programs. These facilities can help you work toward complete sobriety, and connect with a global community of like-minded people.

Look into available programs in our searchable directory of 12-Step rehabs.

Reviewed by Rajnandini Rathod

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Reiki in Rehab: Soothing the Spirit

The gentle practice of Reiki promotes inner peace and natural self-healing. And in addiction treatment, holistic rehabs use Reiki to support clients through the physical, mental, and emotional changes of early recovery. But how exactly does Reiki work, and is it actually effective? 

What Is Reiki?

Reiki is a form of energy healing that originated in Japan in the early 20th century. In Japanese, the word reiki means “universal life energy.” Practitioners act as a conduit for this energy, using their hands (with or without physical touch) to transmit it to the receiver.   

Reiki is about overall wellness.1 According to practitioner Teri Kersting, “As a holistic health practitioner, you’re looking at mind, body, and spirit. It’s very healing in all respects.”

What Happens in a Session? 

Reiki usually takes place in a relaxed environment, similar to what you’d expect during a massage. There may be soft music playing to help you relax. You’ll remain clothed and lie on a massage table or sit in a chair. If you have physical pain, you can get into any position that will be comfortable for you to be in for the duration of the session. 

Throughout the session, the practitioner will lay their hands on or near you in various positions, and may also draw symbols above your body. These are intended to clear negative energy and realign your chakras. 

Sessions normally take 60-90 minutes, but can be shorter or longer depending on your needs. And like talk therapy, it can also be done remotely.

Do I Need to Do Anything While Receiving Reiki? 

Your only job during the session is to relax. Some people fall asleep, which is completely okay and doesn’t interfere with your ability to receive its benefits. There’s no right or wrong way to receive Reiki.  

What Will I Feel During Reiki? 

Everyone experiences Reiki differently—and you may feel differently from session to session depending on your state at the time. Some people feel warm or tingling sensations at the site of the practitioner’s hands. Others see colors or other visuals, or have dreams. Emotional and physical feelings are said to indicate a release of stuck energy. Some people feel nothing at all, which is also perfectly normal. 

How Will I Feel After Reiki? 

Most people feel relaxed, grounded, and in a better mood after Reiki. You may choose to discuss what came up for you during the session with your practitioner, but this is optional. You’ll likely be advised to drink plenty of water throughout the day to hydrate your body as your energy recalibrates. You can return to your day as usual, and even drive, immediately following. 

Will My Reiki Practitioner Respect My Boundaries? 

As part of creating a trauma-sensitive environment, your practitioner should respect all of your requirements for feeling safe. You may ask them not to lay their hands directly on you, and request any changes you need to feel comfortable, such as adjusting the volume of the music or temperature of the room. As with any therapy, feel free to voice any questions or concerns at any point before, during, or after the session.  

How Many Sessions Do I Need? 

One Reiki session may be enough to lift your spirits or help you through a hard moment. More sessions may be necessary for stubborn or ongoing issues. You may opt for a series of sessions, based on your treatment goals. Reiki can also be used as a regular part of maintenance and self-care. As Kersting says, “It helps us center at the end of the day. Also, it helps us prepare for the day ahead, and all the stresses and anxieties that can come up.” 

Who Can Administer Reiki?

There are 4 levels of Reiki training. At level 1, practitioners can do Reiki on themselves, and at level 2, they can perform it on others. 

While some alternative medicine professionals hold high accreditations that require years of schooling, Reiki is known for being easy to learn and apply, and courses for each level can be completed in as little as a day.  

Where Is It Available? 

Reiki is often offered at holistic rehabs as a complement to other clinical and alternative therapies. If you want to continue after residential rehab, many practitioners offer it as a standalone therapy. Some massage therapists incorporate aspects of Reiki into their practice—though this looks different than a typical Reiki session. 

What Can Reiki Treat? 

Intended to regulate the nervous system and support your body’s natural healing abilities, Reiki can be used to treat a wide range of conditions.2 Reiki master and practitioner Melanie Hoffstead says her clients report relief from depression and chronic pain: 

“People who come to me who’ve suffered for many years with arthritis, with quite a few treatments, seem to be almost pain-free. People who suffer from depression seem to be able to have more of a sense that life can be more manageable.” 

Because there are no medical conditions that preclude people from receiving Reiki, it can be applied in almost any setting, and is even used in some hospitals. It can also be used to support substance abuse recovery. 

Reiki and Your Recovery 

Recovery is rewarding, but is inevitably challenging at times. This is especially true in the early stages as you confront deeply held wounds and adjust mentally and physically to a life without substances. Reiki can provide much-needed calm and comfort during tough times. 

Research shows Reiki can produce “significant reductions in stress” and improved emotional well-being, especially for individuals with clinical levels of stress or depression. In fact, studies show that Reiki eases alcohol withdrawals3 by reducing cravings and helping people achieve a sense of harmony through their own, natural processes.

Enlightened Recovery in New Jersey uses Reiki to help their clients restore their mind-body connection: 

“For men and women who are in treatment for drug and alcohol addiction, reiki healing is especially helpful.4 Addiction tears apart the mind/body relationship and disconnects a person from themselves. Being in such heightened states caused by stimulant substances or depressed states caused by depressant substances, alters the energy flow of the body. Releasing old energy helps those in treatment release emotions which they have held onto for some time. Reiki directly encourages the therapeutic process for healing mind, body, and spirit.”

Sivana Bali in Canggu incorporates Reiki into their treatment program as part of their alternative therapy5 offerings. “While practitioners may vary widely in technique and philosophy,” says their team, “Reiki is commonly used to treat emotional and mental distress as well as chronic and acute physical problems, and to assist the recipient in achieving spiritual focus and clarity.” 

Is Reiki Real?

Some claim that Reiki is pseudoscientific, and research supporting its effectiveness is limited. But numerous studies do seem to draw similar conclusions about its benefits. One study on Reiki for alcohol withdrawal3 confirmed previous findings about its positive effects: 

  • Release of fear, negative thoughts, and emotional strain 
  • Reduced anxiety and depression 
  • Improved self-confidence 
  • Increased hope 
  • Relaxation and better sleep 
  • Reduced heart rate and blood pressure
  • Less pain 

Researchers found that “reiki can produce effects like tranquility, peace, relaxation, reduced depression and increased energy level, which supports the results of greater harmony, joy and energy in this study.”

Even for those who are skeptical about energy healing, there’s strong evidence to show that touch—including gentle touch therapies—has proven benefits for human well-being. One large-scale meta-study published in 2023 found that touch was especially effective in reducing pain, depression, and anxiety,6 as well as regulating levels of cortisol (a stress hormone) in adults and children. 

Limitations of Reiki

Reiki can surface suppressed emotions, and it’s helpful to be able to process these with a talk therapist. As a complementary therapy, it should be used to support your primary treatment plan. Reiki practitioners don’t provide diagnoses and shouldn’t be expected to treat severe conditions on their own. It may not be for you if you prefer a more evidence-based approach to healing.

Is Reiki Right for You? Discover Alternative Addiction Treatment

Energy healing isn’t everyone’s cup of tea. But as Reiki is a safe, gentle practice with no contraindications, there’s very little risk involved in trying it. The safe space that rehab provides is a great place to try new things, and many people find Reiki to be a helpful addition to their care. 

As Kersting says, “Everything in the universe is energy, including emotions. When we have emotional blocks that we hold onto, that can affect our pure life force energy. Reiki is about helping to release those blocks.”
Explore rehabs that offer Reiki to see their facilities, learn about their programs, and reach out to their admissions staff directly.

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How to Avoid Common Addiction Treatment Center Scams

Your time in rehab should be focused on getting well. And in many treatment centers, it will be. Reputable rehab facilities are designed to help patients as they enter recovery. And after you complete the program, you’ll be ready for whatever comes next.

Unfortunately, many rehab centers take advantage of people. They’re more focused on making money than on helping you heal. Some even commit insurance fraud, lie about their services, and employ unqualified staff.

There’s good news, though. If you know what to look for, you can spot and avoid several common scams. Here’s how to protect yourself, and get the help you need as you begin recovery.

Scam #1: Patient Brokering

Patient brokering is, unfortunately, a common practice in the addiction treatment industry. This is when a 3rd party gets paid for helping a rehab find new patients. Also known as “body brokering,” ((California man accused of ‘body brokering’ – receiving illegal kickbacks from sober living homes. (2021, March 31). The Mercury News. https://www.ocregister.com/2021/03/31/o-c-man-accused-of-receiving-illegal-kickbacks-from-sober-living-homes)) this scam is like a commission model—but the patient is the product being sold. This practice has been illegal since 2018.

The process often starts with a phone call from a recruiter. Once they have you on the line, they might recommend a disreputable rehab facility in another state, ((Avoiding addiction treatment scams | Mass.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.mass.gov/service-details/avoiding-addiction-treatment-scams)) or try to sign you up for a program right away. They might even offer perks if you sign up, or say they’ll cover the cost of travel.

Recruiters don’t always call you. Sometimes, they wait for you to call them. A lot of online ads have numbers for “treatment centers” that actually go to call centers. And if you call in, the agent will just connect you to the highest bidder. From there, they’ll try to sign you up for their program immediately, whether or not it’s a good fit.

If you run into patient brokering online or by getting a spam phone call, it’s pretty easy to avoid. But it can also happen in other ways. Even doctors and therapists can get kickbacks for referring patients to rehab. That’s why it’s important to do your own research.

How to Avoid a Patient Brokering Scam

  • Be wary of free hotlines. Helplines on ads might lead you to a predatory call center. Instead, call the number on the treatment center’s website.
  • Ask specific questions when you’re shopping rehabs. They should be able to tell you everything you need to know about their program. Vague responses are red flags. You can also ask what they think about referral fees.
  • Discuss patient brokering with your doctor or therapist. Politely ask if they’ll receive any benefits for referring you to a specific treatment center.
  • Be wary of strangers who want to sign you up for a specific rehab. An investigation by the Orange County Register found several ways brokers take advantage of people who need treatment. ((How some Southern California drug rehab centers exploit addiction. (2017, May 21). Orange County Register. https://www.ocregister.com/2017/05/21/how-some-southern-california-drug-rehab-centers-exploit-addiction/)) Specifically, they “troll Alcoholics Anonymous meetings, homeless camps and drug courts to find people they can send to rehab—for kickbacks from the centers. Often, when they have a prospect, brokers will call several rehab centers and seek competitive bids. Highest bidder gets the business.” They may also text or call you.

Scam #2: Insurance Fraud

Once you’re in treatment, some of these unethical rehabs try to commit insurance fraud. ((Addiction treatment facility owner convicted in $58 million health care fraud scheme. (2022, April 13). https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/addiction-treatment-facility-owner-convicted-58-million-health-care-fraud-scheme)) They might inflate the bill to your insurance company, or add unnecessary steps to your treatment plan. Some order daily drug testing even when it’s clear that you’re sober. And if your insurance refuses to pay, you might have a bigger problem. For example, you could get kicked out of rehab—a process called “curbing.”

Be wary of any rehab center that enrolls patients in a new insurance policy. ((Desperate for addiction treatment, patients are pawns in lucrative insurance fraud scheme. (2017, July 7). STAT. https://www.statnews.com/2017/07/07/opioid-insurance-fraud/)) This might seem like a good deal—and they might even offer you free treatment. But these centers often lie about your address so it looks like you live in a different state. They’ll also pick plans with larger reimbursements, so they can make even more money. And when the insurance company finds out the truth, you might be liable.

How to Avoid Insurance Scams

  • Ask the admissions team questions about how they handle insurance. Legitimate rehab facilities will be transparent about costs and insurance coverage.
  • Refuse to let anyone cover your insurance costs or change your policy for you. If something sounds too good to be true, it probably is. Outrageous offers of free treatment are a sign that something’s wrong.

Scam #3: Incorrect Information About Addiction Treatment

Some treatment centers make claims that simply aren’t true. These might appear as testimonials or interviews. In one case, an Indiana center offered a man free addiction treatment in exchange for singing their praises of one center in a YouTube video. In a follow up interview, he said the rehab program didn’t work for him ((Harper, J. (2019, August 22). Addiction clinics market unproven infusion treatments to desperate patients. NPR. https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/08/22/741115178/addiction-clinics-market-unproven-infusion-treatments-to-desperate-patients))—and that he started drinking again soon after it ended.

The unfortunate reality is that unscrupulous rehabs may lie ((Lopez, G. (2019, October 9). Looking for drug rehab? Ask facilities these 11 questions first. Vox. https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2019/10/9/20887787/drug-rehab-addiction-treatment-facilities-inpatient-outpatient)) about any of the following important subjects:

  • Accreditation status. Organizations may not actually have the accreditations and licenses they claim to. And they might lie about this even if they’re not breaking any laws. For instance, California doesn’t require business owners to have a valid medical license or degree to open a rehab. ((How some Southern California drug rehab centers exploit addiction. (2017, May 21). Orange County Register. https://www.ocregister.com/2017/05/21/how-some-southern-california-drug-rehab-centers-exploit-addiction/))
  • Staff credentials. It’s important to double-check that employees actually have the medical licenses and qualifications they say they do. If you’ll be receiving medical attention during rehab, there should be MDs and nurses on staff. Rehabs employ mental health professionals ranging from counselors to psychiatrists, with varying degrees of education and experience.
  • Amenities and services. On their websites, centers list resources they’ll provide. But once you arrive, these services might not be available.
  • Conditions treated. In order to attract more clients, some facilities say they treat more conditions than they actually do.

How to Avoid Rehab Programs That List Inaccurate Services

  • Learn about their reputation. Ask people you trust, like your doctor, to tell you about the program. Read reviews on Google, not only testimonials from the center’s website. Search for their name online to find out about any history of scandal.
  • Make sure they have valid accreditations. Check the facility’s website to see if they have accreditation logos from the Joint Commission or Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities (CARF). These 2 organizations authorize treatment facilities in the U.S. Check if they’re members of the National Association of Addiction Treatment Providers (NAATP). This is another good sign, since the NAATP’s code of ethics doesn’t allow referral payments.
  • Confirm that they have qualified staff. View the facility’s employees on their website, and check their staff’s qualifications against each state’s requirements.
  • Ask specific questions. Ask the admissions team which conditions they treat, and what amenities they offer. They should be ready with detailed answers about their services, fees, and insurance coverage.

Scam #4: Offering Free Things in Exchange for Treatment

Some addiction treatment centers entice patients to enroll with money, ((Lopez, G. (2020, March 2). She wanted addiction treatment. She ended up in the relapse capital of America. Vox. https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2020/3/2/21156327/florida-shuffle-drug-rehab-addiction-treatment-bri-jaynes)) gifts, free flights, or other amenities. They’ll use these prizes to convince patients to start treatment, stay in rehab, or move to their facility.

How to Avoid This Scam and Find Recovery

  • Don’t accept compensation or gifts to attend treatment. Legitimate rehab facilities may offer helpful amenities, like rides from the airport to treatment. But they won’t ever offer you money or gifts.

Look for Rehabs With Green Flags

When you’re researching different centers, you can also look for good things. These green flags can indicate that a rehab is trustworthy.

  • They offer individualized treatment. Experts say that above all, the best treatment facilities offer personalized treatment plans. ((Lopez, G. (2019, October 9). Looking for drug rehab? Ask facilities these 11 questions first. Vox. https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2019/10/9/20887787/drug-rehab-addiction-treatment-facilities-inpatient-outpatient)) Each patient is unique, and not everyone responds to rehab in the same way. When providers really care about recovery, they’ll make sure your program works for you—not the other way around.
  • They help you plan for aftercare. Recovery doesn’t end when you complete rehab. For most people, it’s a lifelong process. But good treatment centers help you plan for what comes next. Some offer aftercare programs, and others connect you with outside providers.
  • They discuss other options, like outpatient care. If your insurance won’t cover inpatient rehab, outpatient treatment might be more affordable. Good providers will help you choose the option that’s best for you—and not just their bottom line.
  • They’re honest about recovery rates. Most addiction treatment works 50-60% of the time. ((Lopez, G. (2019, October 9). Looking for drug rehab? Ask facilities these 11 questions first. Vox. https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2019/10/9/20887787/drug-rehab-addiction-treatment-facilities-inpatient-outpatient)) If a center claims that patients have a 100% recovery rate, they might be lying. Or, this might be a sign that they lose touch with alumni.

Start Your Search for a Reputable Rehab

There are plenty of facilities that put you first, and genuinely want to help you heal. You deserve that level of care. Don’t settle for a rehab that offers anything less.

Compare addiction and mental health treatment centers and reach out directly to their staff for answers to your questions about pricing, insurance, specializations, and more.

Reviewed by Rajnandini Rathod

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Calm and Comfort in Midwestern Rehabs

The Midwest is central to the U.S.—and not just geographically. This major travel hub is accessible to visitors from around the world. And in spite of the weather (or maybe because of it), its people are known for their kindness and hospitality. Whether you’re traveling from near or far, rehabs in the Midwest will make you feel at home during recovery. 

A Warm Welcome

They say home is where the heart is. But where, exactly, is the Heartland? Experts disagree about exactly which U.S. states are part of the Midwest.1 It certainly includes Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio. Some sources add Kansas, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Others say those same states are in the Great Plains.2 And no one’s quite sure about Missouri.3 

However you define it, one thing’s for sure: it’s famous for its “Midwest nice” attitude.4 Locals go out of their way to make each other feel comfortable. There’s even a special Midwestern way to apologize.5 People put effort into being kind, and supporting each other through hard times.

That might be due to the region’s weather. Travel experts say temperatures in the Midwest “can swing 100 or more degrees between winter and summer.”6 When it’s warm out, residents spend as much time outside as possible. And in the colder months, people come together to keep warm. Random acts of kindness—like shoveling a neighbor’s driveway—strengthen relationships year-round. This attitude informs the way many Midwestern rehabs approach treatment. 

Community Care

Addiction wreaks havoc on relationships. At many centers in the Midwest, treatment helps you improve your interpersonal skills. Some centers even offer family programs, so you and your loved ones can heal together. 

Family Therapy

You may be the person entering rehab, but you’re not the only one who needs to heal. The team at Banyan Heartland recognizes this. In their program, loved ones get direct support from family specialists7 throughout the 1st year of recovery. These experts understand that treating the whole family system is an essential part of healing. 

Banyan Heartland blog
Banyan Heartland sits on 33 acres in Gilman, Illinois.

Positive Sobriety Institute, in Chicago, has a different approach to family therapy. Their program is a 3-day lecture series. Multiple families come together to learn about addiction and connect with each other. The goal is to improve communication and make your transition out of rehab as smooth as possible. If your family knows how to support you, you’ll all be better prepared for the future. 

Most rehab centers define “family” broadly. Yours may include your parents, partner, children, or close friends. And during recovery, you might find that you need to step back from all of them. That’s okay. Sometimes it’s even necessary. And if you decide to take a break from those relationships, there are plenty of other ways to find support.

The Minnesota Model

As the name implies, the Minnesota Model of treatment began in the Midwest.8 In 1949, a small non-profit called the Hazelden Foundation started developing this approach. Since then, that small treatment center has grown into a nationwide organization. Hazelden Betty Ford Chicago is just one of their facilities, and rehabs around the world now use the Minnesota Model.

According to experts at Hazelden, the Minnesota Model “began with the revolutionary idea of creating a humane, therapeutic community.”9 In this framework, people in recovery support each other, instead of only relying on their providers. Clients work through the 12 Steps and engage with their communities during rehab. This can help you to practice essential life skills, and to imagine your future. 

Experiential Therapies 

Talk therapy is an essential part of treatment, but it’s not the only way to heal. It’s also important to learn healthy coping strategies that you can keep using after rehab. Experiential therapy lets clients have fun, learn about themselves, and try out new hobbies. And in the Midwest, there are some beautiful ways to do just that. 

Live in Style, and Enjoy Adventure Outings

Throughout this region, major cities punctuate vast rural areas. In almost any town, you’re just a short drive from nature. Some rehab programs, like Evolve Indy, take full advantage of this. On the one hand, clients are allowed to use cell phones and go on shopping trips during treatment. And on the other, you can go ziplining in the wilderness. In the Midwest, it’s easy to balance the need for creature comforts with a longing for adventure.

The Heartland’s Natural Beauty Can Help You Heal

Other rehabs, like Top of the World, immerse clients in nature throughout treatment. This ranch sits on 315 acres of countryside in rural Illinois, close to the Mississippi River. Clients can explore hiking trails10 or bike along Miller Creek. Programs like this one might be a good fit if you want a break from urban (or even suburban) life. During rehab, you’ll learn to quiet your mind and enjoy the serenity around you. This can even be part of your treatment plan. Data shows that spending time outdoors helps people recover from addiction. 

top of world lodge blog
Located in Milan, Illinois, Top of the World Ranch is surrounded by tranquil nature.

Just Keep Swimming Toward Recovery

There’s a reason Michigan is known as the “land of 10,000 lakes.” If you like water activities, you’ll love summer in the Midwest. You can even find rehab centers located directly on a body of water, like Sana Lake Recovery Center in Missouri. In between therapy sessions, clients take paddle boats out to explore the facility.11

Lakes are beautiful at any time of year—but it’s hard to take a boat out when they’re frozen. Many of the outdoor adventures the Midwest has to offer are only possible in warmer seasons. But when you decide to start rehab, you may not have time to wait. And you don’t have to. The centers in this area have systems in place to make recovery accessible, at every time of year. 

Flexible Treatment Options

If you want to avoid harsh weather, this area won’t be a good fit for you in the winter. The region gets very little daylight in the colder months. In December, northern areas like Minneapolis, MN, can see as little as 6 or 7 hours of sunlight per day. Temperatures can go well below 0 °F, depending on your exact location. Most people prefer to spend the season indoors, enjoying warm drinks and good company. But the inclement weather doesn’t need to interfere with your plans for recovery.

Virtual Therapy

Many Midwestern rehab programs offer more flexibility than you might find in other regions. This is important for clients with limited mobility. Even if you’re snowed in, or physically healing from the effects of addiction, you can still access the support you need.

Some facilities, like Pathlight Mood and Anxiety Center Chicago, offer virtual treatment. Clients from 21 states can connect with providers online,12 getting “the same level of trusted care available at our in-person treatment centers.” And that doesn’t mean you’ll be getting the exact same type of care. These specialists have additional training in telehealth. For example, they’ll understand that you’re living on your own, and that you have a life outside of therapy. 

pathlight chicago downtown
While Pathlight Mood and Anxiety Center Chicago is based in the heart of the Windy City, they offer virtual treatment in 21 states.

Outpatient Services in Midwestern Cities

Perhaps because of its focus on community, the Midwest has many outpatient programs. These rehabs allow you to stay in touch with local friends and family during recovery. If those relationships are healthy, they can be a valuable source of support. 

Gateway Chicago Independence is one of many programs in the Chicago area that offers outpatient treatment. And although clients don’t live on-site, they can connect with virtual support groups 24/7.13 These options may work especially well for people who already live in the Midwest. But you can also travel to the area for outpatient treatment. In that case, you could either stay in a sober living community or find temporary housing on your own. 

Traveling to Treatment 

Thanks to its central location, the Midwest is a travel hub for people coming from all over the world. That’s especially true of Chicago’s O’Hare International Airport,14 which boasts 193 gates, serving over 40 airlines.15 Other commercial airports pepper the area. You can fly into regional or international airports in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Ohio, and Missouri.

It’s also easy to drive to the Midwest, depending on the season. If you’re coming from close by, it may be more cost-effective to get a ride to treatment. Just be sure your driver feels safe navigating inclement weather. And if it’s too snowy to drive, you and your support person can even take the train to most major Midwestern cities.16

As easy as it is to get around in this area, you shouldn’t travel to treatment alone. This is a delicate time, and it’s vital to have social support. And you don’t have to rely on your loved ones. Talk to the admissions team at your rehab about travel options, so they can help you get to treatment safely. 

Find Your Community in Midwestern Rehabs

No matter where you’ve been, or what you’ve been through, there’s a place for you in the Midwest. This welcoming culture tries to make everyone feel at home, whether you’re a visitor or a long-time resident. If you live nearby, it makes sense that you would want this kind of comfort during treatment. And if you’re coming from afar, the Midwest is a great place to get the emotional support you need. 

Browse our list of rehabs in the Midwest to learn about their treatment models, housing options, outdoor activities, pricing, and more.