Author: Kayla Gill

With 9 years in the rehab space, Kayla has overseen the creation of comprehensive addiction treatment content for online audiences worldwide. Her experience managing content for a luxury destination rehab, and her personal path to healing via residential rehab and various therapeutic modalities, inform her first-hand understanding of recovery. She takes inclusion seriously and is especially interested in how trauma and minority experiences shape readers’ journeys.
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Unpacking the Rise in Mental Health Diagnoses Among Gen Z 

Gen Z, the generation born between the mid-1990s and early 2010s, is experiencing a mental health crisis unlike any seen before. Studies show that nearly 42% of zoomers have a mental health diagnosis,1 compared to 29% of millennials and 20% of Gen Xers at the same age. This begs the question: Why are mental health diagnoses on the rise among Gen Z, and how can we better support this generation’s mental wellness?

Gen Z is a unique demographic, shaped by unprecedented societal shifts. They’re the first generation to grow up entirely in the digital age, constantly connected to an online world flooded with information and social comparison. They’ve grappled with global challenges ranging from economic crises to global warming to COVID-19, and witnessed political turmoil and societal unrest firsthand. 

Understanding the unique challenges this generation faces is key to understanding the state of their mental health.

Digital-Age Pressures

Social Media’s Impact

Gen Z’s constant immersion in the digital space, and especially in social media, poses some unique challenges to their mental well-being. Carefully curated online personas often make others feel less adequate by comparison. 

Gen Z mental health influencer Zach Gottlieb describes how this unrealistic picture of perfection can make zoomers feel less safe to be themselves:2

On social media there’s so much pressure to put out a certain persona that’s curated, and isn’t vulnerable, and isn’t all of your moments, but only the moments you select for people to see. I feel like we’ve adopted that into our own lives, and we start practicing the same. We’re curating our lives and the moments we want to share with others.

Young people are often judged by older generations for their social media use in ways that aren’t necessarily helpful. Rather than blaming them for something that’s a reality of their daily life, Gottlieb says we need to ask why social media is a problem.     

For me, this comes from the comparison aspect. When you see people post all these things—whether it’s related to their bodies or things they’re showing off or places they’re going and experiences they’re having—when you see a lot of people doing a lot of cool and interesting things and looking great all the time, you might start to wonder, ‘Why am I not like this? Why am I not always looking perfect? Why am I not always going on these really cool adventures or trips or whatever it may be?’

Effects of Social Media on Body Image and Self-Esteem

This isn’t an uncommon experience. Social media is changing how we see ourselves. One study found that 87% of women and 65% of men compare their bodies to images they see on social media,3 and that 50% of women and 37% of men compare themselves unfavorably.

In addition to its impact on self-esteem and body image, social media exacerbates mood disorders like anxiety and depression. And the fear of missing out (FOMO) that social media promotes makes zoomers feel even more anxious, isolated, and alone.

Information Overload

From an early age, Gen Z is bombarded with information about a world that’s constantly in flux. The 24/7 news cycle and neverending social media updates easily add up to information overload. This constant exposure to global issues—most of which are negative or alarming—often exceeds our human capacity to process large-scale tragedy. 

All of this overwhelm makes young people feel powerless. The pressure to keep up with the ever-changing digital landscape and be constantly “on” is mentally taxing. Interestingly, Gen Z adapts to this via what scientists call “clip thinking,”4 or the ability to remember the search for information more than the content itself. Researchers say this is a protective response that allows people to “‘leave’ the flow of information without feeling incomplete, and then “merge” into the stream again.”

Clip thinking is just one example of the informational demands on young people, which often far exceed their ability to cope. 

Societal and Environmental Factors

Beyond the digital realm, Gen Z’s mental health is shaped by broader environmental forces.

Economic Uncertainty

Gen Z’s mental health is affected by significant economic pressures. Entering the workforce during a time of economic uncertainty, many often into difficulty securing stable jobs, managing student loan debt, and affording basic necessities. This constant struggle for financial security makes it hard to focus on long-term life goals and prioritize well-being. Gen Z’s anxiety has real causes rooted in factors like unemployment and the rising cost of living.

Lance Fuquay, a recent graduate, describes the stressors zoomers are dealing with5 with as they enter the workforce: 

There’s a ton that’s coming at you, and you’re thrust into it and we don’t really know what to do. Housing affordability, student loan debt, and just the constant political strife we have right now between the two parties…I think those are the biggest things I’ve seen.

Climate Change Anxiety

Gen Z is the first generation to fully grasp the magnitude of the threats posed by climate change. This stress is so pervasive that Gen Z has been called “the climate generation;” their fears are referred to as “eco-anxiety.”6

An existential threat like climate change is especially overwhelming for young people, and affects their sense of security and hope for the future. This intense worry about the state of the planet and what it means for their future makes zoomers feel anxious, helpless, and angry. 

Academic and Career Pressures

Gen Z faces intense pressure to excel academically7 and secure their futures in an increasingly competitive job market. Their fears are fueled by a number of obstacles: rising college costs, the perception of limited job opportunities, and the ever-evolving demand for new skill sets as technology advances.

The emphasis on gaining impressive academic achievements and entering high-paying careers can lead to age-inappropriate stress and feelings of inadequacy. This fear of failure and the pressure to live up to societal expectations significantly affects zoomers’ mental health. The “quarter-life crisis”8 young people often experience requires them to learn that there are diverse pathways to success, and prioritize their emotional well-being as part of their academic and career goals.

Shifts in Family Dynamics and Social Life

While technology can be a valuable tool for connection, it tends to push us further into the digital space and away from the real world. This is also true for social interactions. 

Today, people communicate more online than they do offline.9 This has both positive and negative effects: while less nonverbal communication lowers the quality of interactions, online spaces also create new opportunities to form connections, some of which are genuinely fulfilling. 

Gen Z’s mental health awareness and immersion in the digital landscape also affect the way they relate to their parents—and how they’ll parent in the future. Being more conscious10 of mental health can be a positive. That can better equip them to identify their issues with their parents, and the causes of their developmental trauma. 

While some critics frame zoomers as entitled kids who don’t respect their parents enough,11 their willingness to confront issues positions them to interrupt cycles of intergenerational trauma. Many zoomers are choosing to delay parenthood (or forego it altogether). But those who do decide to have children are likely to parent with more emotional maturity than previous generations. “There will be less wounded adults walking the earth,” says Bonnie Compton, a child and adolesecent therapist. 

Access to Mental Health Resources

Increased Awareness and Diagnosis

The rise in mental health diagnoses among Gen Z is worrying. But an increase in diagnoses is in part due to an increase in awareness. More people are in therapy, and more people see mental health as a primary concern.12

As Gen Z continues to lower stigma around mental health, they’re more likely to seek treatment and receive diagnoses. And that’s not necessarily a bad thing. In fact, many people find their diagnosis empowering,13 because it helps them identify their problems—and is often the first step to solving them. In a stigmatized view, perceiving a diagnosis as a personal failing deters some people from seeking treatment. But, “This perspective can be reframed by viewing a mental health diagnosis as a framework for establishing a treatment plan,” says Ashley Santangelo, who was diagnosed with panic disorder. 

The increase in diagnoses doesn’t just signal a worsening of mental health within the population. It also reflects a positive shift towards seeking help and normalizes addressing mental health concerns. It also means Gen Z needs accessible mental health resources to support the growing demand for services.

Challenges in Accessing Mental Health Care

While mental health literacy is increasing, Gen Z still faces significant challenges in accessing quality care. One major barrier is affordability. The high cost of therapy sessions,14 along with limited insurance coverage for mental health services, can put professional help financially out of reach for young people. A shortage of qualified mental health professionals,15 especially in rural areas, also limits the availability of care.

Barriers to treatment can worsen mental health conditions—and discourage people from getting help altogether. More low-cost options and better insurance coverage for mental healthcare can expand access to healing for young people who need it. 

Coping Mechanisms and Resilience Building

To address their collective mental health challenges, Gen Z will need to learn healthy coping strategies to navigate the complexities of living in an uncertain world. 

One aspect of this is community support. Open communication within families, supportive peer networks, and school programs can help zoomers create the sense of belonging they’re missing. 

People of all generations have seen drastic mental health improvements through digital detox, and Gen Z is no exception. Research shows, for example, that reducing social media use significantly improves body image16 in teens and young adults. Setting boundaries around screen time, engaging more in offline activities, and focusing on real-world connections can combat the negative mental health impacts of being hyperconnected all the time. 

Mindfulness practices can also help. Techniques like meditation and deep breathing can give young people tools to manage stress effectively. These simple practices go a long way in the ability to self-regulate emotions, and can help zoomers build emotional resilience to support them throughout life.

The Role of Institutions in Supporting Gen Z

Educational Systems

Schools play a huge role in supporting Gen Z mental health. Academic environments shape a large part of young people’s lives, and their well-being directly impacts their learning, engagement, and success.

Gen Z, of course, is aware of this. In fact, they see mental health as a primary concern in education17 and are asking for better support services. According to national polls, zoomers “believe individualized learning plans, increased teacher pay, more social, emotional and mental health support, and smaller class sizes would make the biggest impact.”

By expanding access to mental health resources like counseling services, workshops, and support groups, schools and universities have the opportunity to positively affect change. Integrating mental health education into school curricula empowers students with knowledge about mental health conditions, coping mechanisms, and available resources to make sure zoomers have access to the support they need.

Gen Z students also cite bullying as a main issue affecting their mental health—and cyberbullying on social media, which impacts 1 in 3 students,18 only presents more opportunities for problems. Research backs this up: a series of studies on bullying in schools found that “the risk of depression in children and adolescents who were bullied was 2.77 times higher than that of those who were not bullied.” This dynamic doesn’t just affect victims of bullying. The same report also found that “the risk of depression in bullying individuals was 1.73 times higher than that in nonbullying individuals.”19

Creating supportive school environments means taking measures to prevent bullying, encouraging strong relationships between students and educators, and taking real steps to promote inclusion. 

Government and Policy Changes

Addressing the mental health crisis Gen Z is facing requires not just individual and community-based solutions, but also systemic changes at a higher level.

Increased funding for mental health services20 would allow for the expansion of mental health programs, the training and recruitment of more mental health professionals, and the development of better, more accessible treatment models. “Throughout the world, mental health remains a neglected priority, low on the agenda of policy makers and funders at the national and international levels,” say professionals who are calling for change.

Policy changes that expand mental health insurance coverage remove financial barriers for people seeking help. And investing in preventative measures like community outreach and mental health education programs in schools means more young people will have the knowledge and resources to proactively manage their mental well-being.

Together, we can create a more supportive environment where Gen Z has the opportunities they need to thrive.

Finding Ground in a Groundless World

Gen Z is undoubtedly dealing with some extremely large-scale challenges. From the pressures of the digital age to economic uncertainty, this generation navigates a constantly changing landscape that seriously impacts their well-being. But the increase in diagnoses we see also reflects a positive shift. More open conversations are encouraging people to seek help. Even from their isolated corners, zoomers are collectively creating a culture of healing.

Gen Z is far exceeding previous generations’ knowledge of mental health, but they need to learn how to thrive in spite of the complex realities they face. Addressing this crisis requires a comprehensive effort. By working together, we can make sure mental health receives the priority it deserves, and support this generation as they shape the world of tomorrow.

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What to Do if a Rehab Is Waitlisted: Strategies for Immediate Support

Seeking professional help for addiction is a brave and important step toward healing. But when you’re starting recovery, you might encounter an unexpected hurdle: a waitlist for admission into rehab. 

Depending on the location, the size of the center, and their staff capacity, certain rehabs may not have immediate availability. This is also due in part to an increasing demand for addiction treatment. As a result, there may be a waiting period before you can start the program of your choice. 

Addiction recovery is an urgent need, and intervening early is important for your treatment outcomes. So what can you do if you’re facing a waitlist? 

Use these strategies and resources to access support and maintain your progress on your path to healing:

While You Wait: Evaluate Your Needs

Assess the Severity of the Situation

Understanding the severity of your situation helps you make informed decisions and find appropriate support. Here are 2 approaches:

1. Professional Assessment

Ask for an assessment from your primary care doctor or therapist. Admissions staff at rehabs usually provide a brief intake screening over the phone, even if you can’t be admitted immediately. This evaluation might involve discussing your substance use history and assessing for co-occurring conditions.

2. Self-Assessment

Reflect on your experience with addiction. Consider factors like the frequency and intensity of your substance use, the impact it has on your daily life (your relationships, work, and health), and any withdrawal symptoms you have. Use reputable online resources like the National Institute on Drug Abuse’s screening tools to gauge your level of need. 

While self-assessment is a good starting point, a professional assessment can provide a more accurate and in-depth picture of your situation. Use the information from your assessment to guide your search for immediate support while you wait for rehab placement.

Take Immediate Steps for Safety and Support

If you can’t get into treatment right away, you’ll still need to prioritize your safety and minimize potential harm. Here are some steps you can take:

Implement harm reduction strategies. Explore harm reduction strategies specific to your addiction. This might involve switching to safer alternatives, using designated use spaces, or carrying naloxone (if applicable) to reverse opioid overdoses. 

Connect with crisis support. If you experience intense cravings or thoughts of self-harm, reach out to crisis hotlines like the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (988) or the Crisis Text Line (text HOME to 741741) for immediate addiction support.

Inform people you trust. Share your situation with a close friend, family member, or therapist who can offer support and intervene if necessary.

Practice self-care. If you can, try to eat well, get adequate sleep, and try techniques like urge surfing1 to help you manage cravings.

Alternatives to Traditional Inpatient Rehab

While waitlists for inpatient rehab are frustrating, exploring other support options can be incredibly beneficial. 

Outpatient Programs

These programs offer a structured and supportive environment for recovery without requiring a full-time residential stay.

Outpatient programs involve regular sessions with therapists, counselors, and support groups. These sessions address the core issues of addiction, provide healthy coping tools, and teach relapse prevention skills. The frequency and intensity of these sessions vary depending on the specific program and your individual needs.

Compared to inpatient rehab, outpatient programs offer more flexibility, allowing you to continue working, going to school, and fulfilling your other essential responsibilities. This can be especially useful for people who may not have the option of leaving their daily lives for an extended period.

Outpatient programs are not a substitute for inpatient care in all situations. But they can be a useful tool for managing your addiction while waiting for a spot in a residential facility. It’s also common for people to step down to an outpatient program after completing inpatient rehab to maintain their continuity of care, prevent relapse, and get support for long-term recovery.

Online Therapy and Support Groups

The digital world offers valuable resources for immediate support while waiting for inpatient rehab. Online therapy and virtual support groups can provide helpful connection and guidance during this critical time.

Online Therapy

Numerous online platforms connect patients with licensed therapists who specialize in addiction treatment. These sessions take place via virtual meetings, phone calls, or chat, and are an accessible way to receive professional support while staying home. Online therapy can help with various aspects of your recovery journey:

  • Identifying triggers and developing coping mechanisms
  • Managing withdrawal symptoms and cravings
  • Building self-esteem and motivation
  • Addressing co-occurring mental health conditions

Virtual Support Groups

Online support groups provide a safe, confidential space to connect with people who share similar struggles. These communities provide a range of benefits:

  • Emotional support and encouragement
  • Sharing experiences and coping strategies
  • A sense of acceptance and belonging

Online resources are a great way to complement primary addiction treatment, but they shouldn’t replace professional, in-person care. They’re an additional tool in your toolkit to stay on track toward your recovery goals, before and after treatment.

Community Resources for Addiction

Your community is also a valuable resource to support you while you wait for rehab. Look for these options:

  • Free support groups: 12-Step organizations like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Narcotics Anonymous (NA), and Al-Anon host free support groups for people struggling with addiction and their loved ones. You can also look into non-12-Step groups like SMART Recovery.
  • Harm reduction programs: These programs offer practical support and resources to help people manage the risks of addiction, including advice on safer substance use and Narcan training.
  • Community mental health centers: Some government-funded centers offer services like individual and group therapy, medication management, and case management, often at affordable rates or on a sliding scale.

Leverage Your Support Network

Your existing support network is a source of strength and stability. Don’t be afraid to lean into it during this challenging time.

Addiction can strain relationships, and mental health struggles can put us in a place where we’re afraid to ask for help. Use these steps to get the social support you need:

  1. Identify your support system. Confide in close friends and family members who understand what you’re going through and are willing to offer non-judgmental support.
  2. Communicate your needs. Openly share your situation and challenges with trusted people in your support network. Be specific about what kind of support you need, whether it’s emotional encouragement, practical help, or simply someone to listen.
  3. Set boundaries. It’s okay to let people know when you need space or time alone. Communicate your needs clearly and respectfully.

By tapping into these connections, you can navigate your wait time with more resilience and stay focused on your recovery goals.

Stay Engaged in the Recovery Process

Develop Healthy Habits

Even before rehab, cultivating healthy habits can benefit your healing progress. These positive changes not only help you manage cravings and stress, but also lay the groundwork for long-term well-being. 

  • Get some rest. Addiction is hard on your mind and body. It can also interfere with your ability to sleep. Finding ways to get your sleep schedule on track can set you up for success in recovery.
  • Maintain a healthy diet. To the extent that you can, try to eat regularly and healthily. Eating nutritious meals and snacks helps regulate your body chemistry and provides essential vitamins and minerals to support your recovery. Focus on fruits, vegetables, and other whole, nutrient-dense foods.
  • Move your body. Exercise releases endorphins that improve your mood, reduce stress, and help you sleep. If you don’t feel up to a workout, try a gentle walk outside. 
  • Practice relaxation techniques: Simple techniques like deep breathing2 can effectively manage stress and anxiety, which often trigger cravings. 

Building healthy habits takes time and consistency—go easy on yourself while you’re not feeling your best. Start with small, achievable goals, and congratulate yourself for your progress. 

Use Education and Self-Help Resources

While waiting for rehab, educating yourself through self-help resources can empower you on your path to recovery. Here are some options to explore:

Books 

  • In the Realm of Hungry Ghosts by physician and addiction specialist Gabor Maté explores the traumas people experience as a result of substance use and recommends strategies for change.
  • In The Addiction Manifesto, author J.R. Weaver reflects on his experience with addiction and the approaches that helped him recover. 
  • Why Don’t They Just Quit? by Joe Herzanek debunks common myths around addiction and explores topics like rock bottom, enabling, and intervention.

Podcasts

  • A Sober Girls Guide podcast explores mental health, self-development, and wellness through interviews with notable women in recovery.
  • In The Addicted Mind podcast, licensed therapist Duane Osterlind talks with both professionals and people in recovery who offer guidance and encouragement. 
  • The Recovery Happy Hour podcast hosts people who share their stories of recovery for those who are curious about getting sober from alcohol.

Helplines

Note that not all helplines are reputable. Some are owned by treatment centers and designed to refer clients to their businesses. Learn more about this in our article on recovery hotlines. 

Communicating With Rehab Facilities

Maintain Contact While You Explore Your Options

While you look for rehab waitlist alternatives, stay connected with your preferred rehab center. 

  • Schedule regular follow-up calls. Schedule regular check-ins to inquire about updates on the waitlist and potential openings due to cancellations or last-minute changes.
  • Express your willingness to consider alternatives. Express your eagerness to begin treatment and ask about different programs they offer. 
  • Explore their additional resources. Many rehabs offer resources and support groups that are open to the public. Participating in these offerings allows you to be involved with the facility, get a glimpse into the treatment experience, and learn about additional resources.

Taking initiative and committing to recovery by communicating proactively can increase your chances of being admitted sooner.

Expand Your Search

While staying in touch with your preferred rehab center is helpful, don’t limit yourself. Broadening your search can increase your chances of finding immediate support.

Consider a wider geographical area. While staying close to home can be ideal, facilities in other cities or states (or even countries) may have immediate availability.

Use online search tools. Use our treatment finder tool to find rehab facilities across the US and abroad. You can filter based on location, insurance coverage, and specific treatment approaches to find a program that aligns with your needs and doesn’t have a waitlist.

Research different programs. Some rehabs have specialized programs, such as gender-specific, faith-based, or programs for specific addictions. You might find a good match with open availability while still effectively addressing your recovery needs.

Expanding your search doesn’t mean compromising your recovery goals. Being flexible and exploring various options increases your chances of securing immediate placement.

Planning for Admission

Being prepared to start rehab once you get news of an opening can set you up for a smooth transition. Here are some steps you can take:

See more on this, and get a downloadable checklist, in our article on preparing for rehab.

Preparing in advance, both mentally and practically, will help you make the most of this life-changing opportunity. 

Keep Calm and Maintain Your Progress

Encountering a waitlist for rehab can be discouraging, but it doesn’t have to derail your recovery journey. Use these strategies to navigate this hurdle, and remember that it’s only temporary.

While securing immediate admission is ideal, you can still take action while you wait. 

Look for addiction treatment centers that meet your criteria and contact them directly to inquire about their availability. 

Frequently Asked Questions About Being Waitlisted for Rehab

Is it possible to receive immediate support while on a rehab waitlist?

Yes, it’s crucial to seek immediate help while on a rehab waitlist. Options include professional assessments, crisis hotlines, harm reduction strategies, self-care practices, and connecting with people you trust for support.

What alternatives exist for those unable to get into rehab immediately?

If you’re waitlisted for a rehab, you can explore alternatives like outpatient programs, online therapy, virtual support groups, and community resources. These options offer vital support for managing addiction while waiting for inpatient treatment.

How can I increase my chances of getting admitted to rehab sooner?

To increase your chances of earlier admission to rehab, stay in contact with your preferred treatment center, express your readiness to consider alternative programs, expand your search to include broader geographical areas, and be prepared for admission by managing your personal affairs in advance.

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Is Acid Addictive? The Truth Behind LSD Use

The mind-bending and often mystical experiences induced by LSD have captivated and intrigued people for generations. But this strong psychedelic raises a crucial question: can it be addictive in the same way as other mind-altering drugs? 

While the science behind LSD’s effects is fascinating, understanding its true addictive potential requires a deeper dive. We peel back the layers of perception and explore the realities of how LSD works, and whether it truly carries the weight of addiction.

How LSD Works

As we dive into the science behind LSD, commonly known as acid, we confront some crucial questions: 

Can LSD lead to addiction like other substances? 

Is acid truly addictive? 

Let’s demystify the misconceptions surrounding LSD and its potential for addiction, and shed some light on the scientific truths behind its use.

The Science Behind LSD’s Effects on the Brain

Unlike many addictive substances, acid doesn’t directly interact with reward pathways in the brain. Instead, it LSD works by binding to a specific type of serotonin receptor1 called the 5-HT2A receptor. 

Serotonin plays a crucial role in mood, cognition, and perception, and this receptor is a key player in these functions. When LSD binds to this receptor, it disrupts normal communication along these pathways, leading to the cascade of sensory and psychological effects commonly known as an “acid trip.”

These effects include heightened awareness, altered perception of sights and sounds, changes in thought patterns, and intense emotions. People’s individual experiences on acid vary greatly. Your experience can be influenced by factors like dosage, individual brain chemistry, your emotional state, and your environment. While these effects can be intense, it’s important to remember that LSD doesn’t create new realities; it simply alters how your brain interprets and processes existing information.

Understanding LSD’s mechanism of action helps us understand why it affects people the way it does. But it’s only the first step in unpacking the complex relationship between this substance and its potential for addiction. 

So what factors influence the addictive potential of LSD, and what are the effects of long-term use?

The Debate on LSD Addiction

While the unique effects of LSD have captured imaginations for decades, the question of its addiction potential remains a hotly debated topic. Let’s take a look at the truth behind this enigmatic drug.

Physical vs. Psychological Addiction

Physical addiction means your body is reliant on a substance. If you’re physically addicted to something and try to stop doing it, you’ll experience withdrawal symptoms. Unlike substances that cause physical dependency, LSD doesn’t trigger noticeable withdrawal symptoms, and the urge to use isn’t driven by a biological process. 

LSD interacts with your brain’s serotonin receptors, causing altered neural communication. Unlike substances that mainly affect your body’s physical functions, LSD’s impact is centered on perception, emotion, and cognition. People who struggle with LSD use are usually experiencing a psychological addiction.

There is at least one study documenting what researchers considered a physical dependence on LSD:2 

We describe a case where the person used LSD continuously for a period of two years as his primary drug. He developed a craving, and tolerance to LSD and contrary to known literature the tolerance did not disappear rapidly on discontinuation. Additionally, he developed both physical and psychological symptoms on discontinuing LSD – a factor responsible for continued use. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of physical dependence to LSD.

While not entirely impossible, this study also describes how incredibly rare it is for people to develop a physical dependence on acid. 

It’s worth noting that while it’s not physically addictive, acid can be tolerance-building.3 “LSD is not considered an addictive drug–that is, it does not produce compulsive drug-seeking behavior as cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamine do,” says the U.S. National Drug Intelligence Center. “However, LSD users may develop tolerance to the drug, meaning that they must consume progressively larger doses of the drug in order to continue to experience the hallucinogenic effects that they seek.” 

Research Findings on LSD Dependency

The scientific community’s findings on the addiction potential of LSD are different from other addictive substances. Psychiatrists Annelie Hintzen and Torsten Passie, authors of The Pharmacology of LSD,4 note that “Interestingly, in contrast to many other dopamine-activating substances, it does not show any relevant dependence potential.”

Contrary to substances known for fostering addiction, people who use acid show less desire to consume it frequently. 

Because LSD abuse has not been at the forefront of popular concern since its heyday in the ‘60s (aside from a recent resurgence among high school students5 and millennials), not much research has been done on the long-term effects of LSD. This could also be because prior studies led to such conclusive evidence that acid was not physically addictive. According to researchers, 

While behavioural animal studies have examined the effect of chronic treatment with LSD, no research has been conducted yet to examine long-term behavioural changes in healthy individuals after repeated administration of LSD. This lack of long-term studies is likely due to the evidence that LSD is a drug taken occasionally by recreational users6 that does not produce addiction.

Perceptions of LSD in popular culture, and opinions on LSD use within the behavioral health community, evolve with the times. But at any given time, it can be said that LSD and other psychedelics challenge conventional notions of substance dependency.

Factors Contributing to LSD Misuse

That’s not to say that LSD use is always safe.

LSD’s intense psychological effects can create the potential for misuse. Psychologically, it produces profound alterations in perception, emotion, and cognition. This can make it an attractive tool for escapism, where users find solace or diversion from reality. People who repeatedly use LSD are drawn to its profound impact on their consciousness, rather than a typical drug craving for physical relief. 

Examining your motivations for using LSD can provide more valuable insight into whether your behavior is becoming a problem.

Risks of Frequent LSD Use

Frequent LSD use carries inherent risks, particularly for mental health. The unpredictable nature of LSD can result in “bad trips:” distressing experiences commonly known as marked by intense anxiety, paranoia, or hallucinations. For some, these negative encounters have lasting psychological effects, such as persistent anxiety.

The risk of exacerbating existing mental health conditions, especially on the schizophrenia spectrum, is a major concern. 

There are cases of LSD triggering psychotic episodes, and people with (diagnosed or undiagnosed) schizophrenia may be at greater risk. However, it’s unclear whether LSD itself is responsible for the psychosis or if it plays a role in surfacing underlying conditions. According to one study on LSD psychosis and schizophrenia,7 it’s possible that “LSD psychosis as a drug-induced schizophreniform reaction in persons vulnerable to both substance abuse and psychosis.”

It should also be noted that while LSD and other psychedelics are increasingly used to treat addiction and mental health conditions, this is done in a therapeutic setting under professional supervision, and is different than recreational use. 

Addressing Misconceptions About LSD

Having accurate information is the first step toward effectively addressing concerns. Dispelling myths around LSD requires a more nuanced view of the drug, its safety, and its potential risks and benefits. Rather than relying on popular belief, it’s important to evaluate LSD and other substances based on evidence-based information to make informed decisions about their use.

Myth LSD Is Inherently Addictive

Reality: Scientific evidence consistently shows that LSD is not physically addictive. If users do develop habits around LSD use, it’s because of psychological addiction, unlike most narcotic substances which can cause dependence. 

Myth: LSD Induces Immediate and Irreversible Insanity

Reality: This myth oversimplifies the complex effects of LSD. While it can lead to intense and unpredictable experiences, describing it as an instant pathway to insanity lacks scientific support. Research indicates that adverse effects are usually temporary, emphasizing the importance of context and mindset during LSD use.

Myth: LSD Stays in the Body Forever

Reality: Acid trips last for a notoriously long time (up to 12 hours), but LSD typically leaves the body within a day. Claims of LSD residing in the spine indefinitely, contributing to “flashbacks,” lack scientific backing. There have been few cases of people developing hallucinogen perception disorder (HPPD),8 but this is a “rare disorder characterized by the presence of flashbacks of visual hallucinations as a result of previous hallucinogenic drug use.” Persistent effects are more likely linked to psychological factors than physical remnants of the substance.

Myth: LSD Use Results in Uncontrolled and Dangerous Behavior

This may be because of LSD’s association with high-profile cults9 in decades past. 

But in reality, while LSD alters perception, instances of uncontrollable violence or harm during trips are exceedingly rare. According to pharmacologist David E. Nichols, “LSD has rarely been associated with accidental deaths and suicide, LSD is known to be non-toxic10 and physiologically safe when used at moderate dosages, and forensic investigators should understand the true causes of LSD-related fatalities.” Most users experience a sense of wonder, introspection, and enhanced sensory perception rather than engaging in harmful activities.

Set and Setting: How Your Mindset and Environment Play a Role

The effects of LSD are profoundly shaped by what people who take psychedelics often refer to as “set and setting:” your mindset being the set, and your environment being the setting. Both of these factors play a significant role in shaping the psychedelic journey.

A positive mindset, marked by feelings of safety and openness, often leads to more pleasant experiences, which can include heightened creativity and self-reflection. A negative mindset, on the other hand, can contribute to challenging experiences marked by anxiety and discomfort. Some people refer to this as a “bad trip.” 

Likewise, a familiar, comfortable setting can support feelings of security and promote positive outcomes. But unfamiliar or unsettling surroundings may increase anxiety and, as a result, a heightened risk of negative experiences. Recognizing the importance of these factors can lead to a more controlled and positive psychedelic encounter.

Getting Help for Problematic LSD Use

Recognizing signs of problematic LSD use, and intervening when necessary, is crucial for maintaining your mental and emotional well-being. If you experience persistent distress, impaired daily functioning, or escalating use while taking LSD, it’s a good idea to get outside guidance. Mental health and addiction treatment professionals can help you work through issues underlying your drug use, change unwanted behavioral patterns, and create the life you want for yourself.

See our list of addiction treatment centers to learn more about getting support for life change, and contact centers directly to get a professional opinion on treatment options.

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Hope in Recovery: Navigating the Journey With Optimism and Resilience

Hope is talked about so broadly in recovery circles that it often comes across as cliché. But hope is not just a fluffy feeling. It’s a powerful force that gives you the motivation to change your life and the strength to sustain those changes.

In the depths of addiction and depression, hope often gets lost. Finding it again is a pivotal experience that can change your journey for the better. We’ll explore the science-backed proof behind the power of hope in recovery, and hear stories from people for whom hope was a driving force for lasting change. 

Understanding the Dimensions of Hope

Research consistently shows a strong correlation between hope and positive recovery outcomes. 

Cognitive Aspects of Hope

Hope isn’t just blind optimism; it’s a powerful cognitive tool that’s tied to our thoughts and beliefs. “Hoping is a human capacity with varying affective, cognitive, and behavioral dimensions,” say researchers on the cognitive aspect of hope1 among patients dying of cancer. 

Hope helps us think more positively. Framing challenges as opportunities for growth, and focusing on past successes as proof of your strength, grows your confidence in your ability to succeed. 

Hope helps you set goals and work toward them—and that’s an important part of charting your course to recovery. As you progress, achieving your goals, however small, reinforces your sense of accomplishment and belief in yourself. And that goes a long way in empowering you to regain control of your life. 

Emotional Aspects of Hope

The recovery journey is full of significant challenges. It forces us to face avoided aspects of ourselves and confront our deeply held fears. Hope is what allows us to get through those times without giving in to despair. 

Sticking with the process when times get tough builds your resilience and emotional intelligence. Through that process, you’ll grow your ability to understand the emotional complexity of life. You can hold both things to be true at once: acknowledging the reality of your current situation and knowing that it can change. 

Hope gives us the persistence that recovery requires.

Social Aspects of Hope

Hope thrives in connection. Surrounding yourself with positive people who believe in your ability to heal keeps you on track toward your recovery goals. 

Addiction is often called a disease of isolation.2 Recovery, on the other hand, is a chance to build community with those who share your struggles and support you on your path. These connections provide a safe space to talk through your challenges, celebrate your wins, and receive encouragement during trying times. 

Seeing others’ success in recovery gives us hope that the same is possible for us. 

“Just because you feel awful at a given time does not mean you won’t feel happy and hopeful at a later stage.”

Anthony, who was hospitalized for severe mania and psychosis, describes how he eventually found hope in accepting support from others:3 

Earlier in my illness I felt like I was being badgered against my will and complained a lot and saw things negatively, whereas once I started to believe that other people could help me feel better and had good intentions I started to perceive my situation in a more positive and hopeful way. I began to look at opportunities for the future rather than concentrating on regrets and resentments. We often see self-reliance as a good thing; with mental illness it is hard to accept sometimes that we cannot fix things ourselves and that there is nothing wrong in needing and accepting the help of others.

Hopelessness is a main feature of struggles with mental health and addiction. But Anthony reminds us that feeling doesn’t last forever. “For anyone suffering from a similar condition,” he says, “I would say that just because you feel awful at a given time does not mean you won’t feel happy and hopeful at a later stage.”

Strategies for Cultivating Hope

Hope has clear benefits for recovery. So how can you invite more of it into your life?

Setting Realistic Goals

According to scientists, “Hope is commonly divided into two constructs:4 agency, defined as goal-directed energy, and pathways, defined as the ability to create paths to a goal.”

In other words, hope can be broken down into 2 parts:

  1. Agency: Putting in the effort to achieve your goal
  2. Pathways: Creating the strategies you need to succeed

To feel hopeful about recovery, you need the drive (agency) and a plan (pathways) to feel confident about reaching your goals.

Hope naturally grows when you feel a sense of accomplishment. Setting realistic goals is a great way to do that:

  • Start by identifying your long-term goals. What does success in recovery look like for you? 
  • Then, break these down into smaller, achievable milestones. 

For example, instead of setting a vague goal like improving your sleep, you can aim to go to bed 30 minutes earlier 3 nights a week. As you achieve these smaller goals, celebrate your progress! These victories are the building blocks of long-term success, and each one reinforces your self-belief. Setbacks are a normal part of the journey, but progress is made via consistent, small steps over time. 

Seeking Inspiration

Hope thrives on inspiration, and we need input to feel inspired. 

Look for stories of recovery. Documentaries or memoirs of people who overcame addiction offer powerful messages of possibility. The universal stories of humanity found in literature and art speak to us in ways the soul understands. 

The most powerful inspiration, however, often comes from those closest to us. Talk to friends or family members who have faced challenges and emerged stronger. Surround yourself with positive influences that ignite your inner light and remind you of how bright your future can be.

Building a Supportive Community

If your close relationships are strained, you can also find community in group therapy, recovery communities, or support groups (in-person or online) that connect you with others on a similar path. Witnessing others’ struggles and triumphs is a powerful reminder that you’re not alone. 

Therapy is a confidential space to explore challenges, develop coping mechanisms, and build emotional resilience. A qualified therapist can also help you navigate setbacks and cultivate a positive outlook as you stay focused on recovery.

You can also seek mentorship from someone with more time in recovery. Their guidance, encouragement, and lived experience can be invaluable assets on your journey. Some recovery communities, like 12-Step groups, build mentorship into their program. 

Hope and Mental Health Recovery

Anyone who’s lived with depression, anxiety, and other mental health conditions can tell you how hopeless life can feel. Hope gives us a way out of the darkness. 

One depression survivor, Eileen, describes how hope was the turning point in her recovery journey5 after falling into a deep depression due to burnout from parenting 3 children while working full-time: 

I was unable to laugh, have fun and it even got to the stage where I was unable to get of bed. I was deemed unfit for work. I felt that I was beyond curing, if a doctor has said I am never going to work again what hope have I of becoming better again.

But her family’s hope restored her own.

Thankfully my family held on to the hope that one day I would come back to my old self. Through time I began to see that there was hope for me to recover.

That hope empowered her to complete courses in mental health that not only helped her understand her own condition, but set her on a path toward helping others.

Hope empowers us to bravely confront the negativity in our life and transform it into something positive.

Hope in Addiction Recovery

Hope plays a critical role in all stages of recovery: from detox, to treatment, to long-term sobriety.

As you progress through your healing experience, hope bolsters your commitment to healing work and learning the skills that support long-term recovery. 

One study of people recovering from opioid addiction found that people with more hope had lower relapse rates6 after completing detox. 

Another study shows that hope plays an important role in people’s readiness for recovery.7 “Hope appears to be an important associate of contemplation toward change and appears to be required for action,” say researchers. They add that “hope also appears to be an important factor of coping in recovery.”

On the path to long-term sobriety, hope gives us the strength to manage cravings and overcome setbacks. While not a guarantee of success, it’s a reminder to stay focused on the fulfilling life you’re building. 

Hope and Physical Health

Hope also plays a powerful role in overcoming health challenges. Research consistently shows a link between optimism and positive health outcomes.8 People with a hopeful outlook tend to have stronger immune systems, experience less pain, and adhere better to their treatment plans.

Hope motivates us to practice healthy behaviors like eating well, exercising, and taking prescribed medications. By believing in your body’s ability to heal, you actively participate in your recovery journey.

Overcoming Setbacks With Hope

The road to recovery is rarely linear. Setbacks are inevitable, and we need to learn to navigate them without losing hope.

Recognizing and Accepting Challenges

Instead of viewing a setback as a sign of total failure, you can use the lessons you learn from it to strengthen your commitment to recovery.

Setbacks are opportunities for growth, because they help us identify areas for improvement. Did you miss a support group meeting? Perhaps scheduling reminders would be helpful. Were you overwhelmed by cravings? Explore management techniques or reach out to your sponsor for support.

By acknowledging the setback and strategizing to avoid it in the future, you transform a potential pitfall into a stepping stone on your path forward. Hope empowers you to learn from your experiences and cultivate optimism, so you can move forward with renewed determination.

Resilience and Perseverance

Challenges inevitably arise on the path to recovery. Here’s how you can persevere when life feels daunting: 

  • Practice self-compassion. While we often believe that self-criticism helps us improve, evidence shows that shame blocks our growth.9 Everyone makes mistakes—it’s part of being human! Treat yourself with kindness as you keep moving forward. 
  • Focus on progress, not perfection. Take time to recognize how far you’ve come. Each step forward is a testament to your strength.
  • Lean on your support system. Surround yourself with people who unconditionally have your back. Share your struggles openly and let their encouragement guide you through tough times.
  • Maintain healthy habits. Prioritize sleep, exercise, and healthy eating. Taking care of your physical health strengthens your mental well-being, allowing you to confront challenges with a clear mind.

Resources for Fostering Hope

Plenty of resources are available to help you generate hope as you navigate mental health and addiction recovery. 

Books

Podcasts

  • The Recovery Elevator shares uplifting recovery stories and practical advice for those on their healing journey.

Websites

Professional Help

Counseling and therapy equip you with strategies for managing the stress, anxiety, and negative thought patterns that often impede hope. Therapists can also help you develop healthy coping strategies to get through life’s challenges without using harmful substances or behaviors.

By tapping into professional support and resources for self-help, you can cultivate the hope you need to build the life you want.

Learn about your options for mental health treatment and reach out to a provider directly today.

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Exploring Harm Reduction: Strategies and Benefits in Substance Use

Harm reduction is not about abstinence. It’s a practical and evolving set of strategies aimed at minimizing the risks of substance use. As opposed to abstinence-only frameworks like 12-Step, harm reduction recognizes that abstinence isn’t always achievable, or the sole indicator of well-being. 

In a country where overdose deaths reached a staggering 106,6991 in 2021, it’s clear that we need a different approach. While not a replacement for abstinence, harm reduction offers a pragmatic and lifesaving set of strategies. 

We’ll examine the various harm reduction strategies available, the benefits they offer, and how they play a crucial role in supporting people and communities on the path to a better life.

The Principles of Harm Reduction: Any Positive Change

Core Values and Ethics

Harm reduction practices emerged from activist communities of color2 in the ‘60s, ‘70s, and ‘80s. These advocates were looking for alternative approaches to protect their communities from being disproportionately affected by problems like HIV and addiction. Over the years, these threads came together to form a movement. 

Harm reduction operates on the principle of respect and dignity for all, providing safe, supportive spaces where people can access services without fear of being judged or punished. By acknowledging people’s current reality rather than imposing idealized expectations, the harm reduction approach aims to meet people where they are. The Chicago Recovery Alliance states its mission as providing people in their community living with HIV and drug use “with a wide array of options for achieving any positive change as they define it for themselves.”3

This means offering practical tools and strategies for safer use, alongside support for those seeking abstinence or other paths to recovery. It’s about empowering people to make informed choices and reduce the risks associated with substance use,4 including incarceration. “Our work remains important today because the United States continues to arrest people for using drugs,” says Joyce Rivera of the National Harm Reduction Coalition (NHRC). 

Goals and Objectives

Harm reduction takes a multi-pronged approach to reduce the negative consequences of drug use. 

  • Protecting health: Harm reduction programs provide access to sterile syringes, overdose reversal medication (like naloxone), and education on safer use practices to prevent infections, overdoses, and other health risks.
  • Minimizing social harms: By addressing the root causes of drug use and offering support services, harm reduction programs aim to decrease criminal activity, homelessness, and family disruption often caused by drug use.
  • Reducing legal consequences: Harm reduction groups advocate for policies that prioritize treatment and support over criminal punishment. 

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration outlines 6 pillars of harm reduction:5 

  1. The work is led by people with lived experience of substance use.
  2. All people are treated with dignity and respect.
  3. Efforts are built on community engagement and community building. 
  4. Practices are informed by an awareness of human rights, equity, and social justice. 
  5. Support is accessible and noncoercive. 
  6. Initiatives focus on any positive change.

It’s Not Just for Substance Use

It should also be noted that harm reduction doesn’t just apply to drug use. 

The National Health Care for the Homeless Council defines the harm reduction approach:6 

Harm reduction utilizes a spectrum of strategies to reduce the negative consequences associated with drug use, sex work, and other behaviors.

These strategies include safer techniques, managed use, and abstinence, and can be applied to any potentially harmful behaviors, such as eating disorders. 

Strategies and Practices in Harm Reduction

Needle and Syringe Programs (NSPs)

A cornerstone of harm reduction strategies is needle and syringe programs,7 or NSPs. These programs provide sterile syringes and injection equipment to people who inject drugs (PWID). This simple intervention plays a major role in preventing the spread of bloodborne diseases like HIV and hepatitis C.

NSPs operate by distributing clean syringes in exchange for used ones. They also offer education on safer injection practices, disposal of used syringes, and access to other health services. Studies consistently show that NSPs effectively decrease HIV and hepatitis C transmission rates8 among PWID. 

Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT)

Harm reduction embraces medication-assisted treatment (MAT) as a tool to reduce risks and improve health outcomes. MAT uses prescription opioids like methadone or buprenorphine to replace illicit opioids. Patients taper off of these medications, or adjust their dosage, according to a treatment plan administered under medical supervision. This allows them to manage their substance use, focus on stabilizing their lives, and improve mental and physical health while pursuing their recovery goals.

MAT is proven effective in reducing overdose deaths,9 preventing risky behaviors like needle sharing, and promoting retention in treatment programs. It carries its own risks, and it’s not for everyone. But for some, MAT is a necessary starting point for rebuilding their lives.

Safe Consumption Sites

Safe consumption sites (SCSs), also known as overdose prevention centers,10 are controlled spaces where people use pre-obtained substances under trained medical supervision.

These facilities provide sterile injecting equipment, harm reduction education, and access to naloxone to reverse overdoses. The presence of medical staff allows for immediate intervention in case of overdose, dramatically increasing the chances of survival. SCSs also connect people seeking recovery with addiction treatment services and social support programs.

Research shows that SCSs reduce overdose deaths and do not increase crime or drug use11 in surrounding areas. These facilities aim to save lives by creating a safer environment for people who already use substances.

Naloxone Distribution

In the U.S., a person dies from a drug overdose every 5 minutes.12 As substances like fentanyl further exacerbate the opioid crisis, that number continues to rise. 

Harm reduction programs promote the widespread distribution of naloxone, a medication that reverses opioid overdoses. Studies show a clear correlation between increased naloxone distribution and reduced overdose deaths.13 By equipping more communities with this tool, harm reduction programs empower people to take action and save lives.

Evidence and Impact of Harm Reduction

Scientific research overwhelmingly supports the effectiveness of harm reduction strategies. Studies consistently show that programs like NSPs and naloxone distribution reduce HIV and hepatitis C transmission rates, as well as overdose deaths, among people who use drugs. According to one peer-reviewed study on safe consumption facilities,14

Findings indicate that SCFs were associated with reducing drug use related infection and disease transmission, enhancing access to addiction and other health services, reducing the risk of non-fatal overdoses, and were not associated with a significant increase in drug use, or an increased rate of drug-related crime.

“Addiction is cruel enough, I assure you.”

Morgan Godvin credits harm reduction with saving her life.15 After a hepatitis C exposure, she walked into a needle exchange, feeling scared and alone. But what she found was nonjudgmental support. 

Harm reduction is not at odds with treatment. But it is the one, single space where I could just be. Where I wasn’t being bombarded with signals about how bad I was, how I needed to change. As if I didn’t already know. As if I hadn’t already tried…I’d found, finally, one single safe space in all the world. A refuge.

That safe space supported Godwin until she was able to recover, and she now works as a harm reduction advocate.  

Harm reduction offers a compassionate alternative to legal and societal approaches that tend to shame drug users. “Harm reductionists were kind to me when no one else was, least of whom myself. There was no prodding or coercion, only compassion,” says Godwin. “Addiction is cruel enough, I assure you.”

“Harm reduction is compassion.”

Another woman, Louise, believes harm reduction and destigmatized education could have helped her throughout her struggles with drug abuse.16

I didn’t set out for this, and I wouldn’t wish it on anybody. The fact that we harm people even more when they’re in these vulnerable places and in these places where they desperately need love and they desperately need human compassion and empathy is unforgivable.

She also blames a lack of harm reduction tools and mental health awareness for her daughter’s drug-related death after she was admitted to rehab:

The rehab she went to did not have Naloxone on-site. They obviously did not take dual diagnosis serious, even though I talked to them for hours about the importance of a treatment center that actually took her mental illness serious. No Naloxone… no real understanding of mental illness. Now my daughter who was safer at home with me is no longer here. She was my reason for living.

Challenges and Controversies Surrounding Harm Reduction

Harm reduction faces significant controversies as critics insist that these programs enable drug use. Ethical debates arise around the concept of meeting people where they are, with some expressing concern that this condones drug use.

One reason MAT programs are controversial is because they use opioid medications in treatment. Keith Humphreys, an addiction researcher at Stanford University, offers this critique of harm reduction:17 

When you start distributing opioids in the community, including to people to stop overdose, they will, in some cases, sell them and initiate new people onto drugs. And those people will overdose. If you just say, we’re just going to supply these drugs, like, what is the end game?

Many people view these programs as attracting drug use to surrounding neighborhoods, and that perception can block harm reduction efforts. “It’s explosive for politicians and still very controversial ethically among people in the medical community,” says NPR addiction correspondent Brian Mann. Political resistance and cultural stigma around drug use often impede policy changes that lead to wider adoption of harm reduction strategies. 

But the wider professional community largely supports harm reduction as an evidence-backed public health strategy. One report in the Drug and Alcohol Review journal warns against creating policy based on assumptions:18 

Despite evidence for their effectiveness, harm reduction services such as needle and syringe programmes (NSPs) are highly vulnerable to perceptions of community disapproval…The main finding of this literature review is that community perceptions of NSPs are largely positive. Also, support for NSPs was not synonymous with condoning drug use.

Research shows no increase in drug use as a result of harm reduction, but rather a reduction in associated harms. 

Global Perspectives on Harm Reduction

Harm reduction strategies take diverse forms across the globe. While countries like Portugal and Switzerland have been successful with harm reduction programs19 including needle exchange programs, safe consumption spaces, and MAT, many regions still face significant barriers. In some nations, like parts of Africa and Asia, strong social stigma and restrictive drug laws impede the implementation of even basic harm reduction interventions. This leads to higher rates of HIV and overdose deaths. According to UNAIDS,

Amid the widespread stigma and discrimination, violence and poor health faced by people who use drugs,20 people who inject drugs are beset by persistently high rates of HIV…Viral hepatitis and tuberculosis rates among people who use drugs also are high in many parts of the world. These preventable and treatable diseases, combined with overdose deaths that are equally preventable, are claiming hundreds of thousands of lives each year. This is a problem that has a clear solution: harm reduction.

International organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO) also support harm reduction efforts21 in regions across the world. The Open Society Foundations “advocate for policies that advance the health and human rights of people who use drugs,”22 including access to naloxone and MAT, and harm reduction education. 

The global response to substance use requires a coordinated effort that includes sharing best practices, advocating for increased funding, and overcoming cultural and political barriers.

How to Support Harm Reduction Efforts

For Individuals

There are plenty of ways to get involved in harm reduction efforts in your community:

  • Educate yourself by researching local harm reduction organizations and their initiatives.
  • Spread awareness. Talk openly about harm reduction with friends and family, and challenge negative stereotypes.  
  • Volunteer at a harm reduction organization. Many organizations welcome volunteers to help with administrative tasks, outreach programs, or fundraising events. 
  • Advocate for harm reduction policies by contacting your local representatives and urging them to support programs like naloxone distribution and increased access to MAT.
  • Donate to organizations working on the frontlines of harm reduction. 

For Professionals

Healthcare providers, educators, and other professionals have a unique opportunity to raise awareness around harm reduction. Clinicians can integrate harm reduction into their practice by offering non-judgmental support, discussing safer use practices, and advocating for increased access to services like MAT and naloxone. 

Educators play an important role in normalizing conversations about substance use and promoting harm reduction awareness. Educating young people about harm reduction equips them with the knowledge and skills to make informed choices, reduce risks, and be positive influences in their community. 

By working collaboratively, professionals across sectors can create a more supportive environment for people with drug-associated risks, empowering others to reach their full potential and fostering healthier communities.

Building a Healthier Tomorrow, Together

Harm reduction offers a lifeline to those who aren’t yet ready for abstinence, and often supports people in getting onto their path toward recovery. By prioritizing safety, public health, and individual well-being, harm reduction strategies reduce negative consequences for our communities. From easy-access tools like naloxone to comprehensive programs like safe consumption spaces, harm reduction saves lives.

Through education, advocacy, and community engagement, we can expand access to harm reduction services and create a culture where everyone is treated with respect, regardless of what they’re going through.

As Monique Tula of the NHRC says, “We will honor our ancestors, hold space for each other, and make way for a new generation.” 

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What Is Addiction Replacement? Overcoming Substitute Addictions

Have you ever craved sugary snacks when you stopped drinking, or turned to video games to escape stress after quitting smoking? That’s addiction replacement, a common phenomenon that involves swapping one addictive behavior for another. Understanding why this happens is a key part of a healing process that can help you get to the root cause of your addiction and point you toward lasting recovery. 

We explore how addiction replacement takes hold, how to tell if you’re forming a substitute addiction, and how you can build new habits that support a healthy lifestyle.

Understanding the Mechanisms of Addiction Replacement

Addiction replacement, or substitute addictions, is a common experience. One study of people in recovery found that one-fifth of participants had developed a new substance use disorder1 within 3 years of getting sober.

So why is it so common to trade one addiction for another?

The Psychological Basis of Addiction Replacement

Quitting an addiction takes more than just willpower. It requires you to undo patterns that have become hard-wired into the way you think and feel. This process can be highly uncomfortable and trigger intense cravings, especially in early recovery (the first year after quitting an addiction). That’s why some people look for other ways to feel good—which may involve replacing one addiction with another.

Here’s why this happens:

  • Brain rewards: Your brain is wired to repeat rewarding behaviors, and certain substances and behaviors trigger a powerful chemical reaction that feels good. The brain wants to repeat these behaviors again and again. When you stop, your brain misses the chemical reaction it’s gotten used to. And to feel better, it looks for another way to achieve a similar feeling, even if it works against your goals.
  • Coping with emotions: Sometimes people use addictions as a coping strategy for stress, anxiety, or trauma. When they stop, those emotions come back. They might use other behaviors to avoid dealing with the problem directly or feeling what they don’t want to feel.
  • Thinking patterns: Our past experiences and beliefs influence our choices in the present. If you believe you need instant gratification or tend to rely on unhealthy coping mechanisms, you might be more likely to develop a substitute addiction.
  • Self-doubt: If you don’t believe you can quit your addiction, you might turn to a substitute out of fear of failing. If that’s the case for you, it’s important to rebuild your confidence and self-belief as part of your healing journey. 

“Our brains are wired to desire and crave and want.”

One person in recovery, Winton Chavez, explains how the brain changes that take place during addiction can easily overwhelm your willpower:2

Although beneficial and important, willpower alone will not bring you to overcome your addiction…So many factors play a heavy role in avoiding relapse and continuing recovery…Because really, our brains are wired to desire and crave and want. Sex, food, intimacy, comfort—all of these things are easy to engage in because you are designed to want to do them. That’s how you stay alive. And drugs activate those same systems.

The Role of Neurobiology in Addiction Replacement

Quitting an addiction is tough. Even after stopping, your brain remembers the pleasure it got from the addictive substance or behavior.3 This state of craving is highly uncomfortable, making it tempting to find something else that feels good. 

Science explains how changes in the brain contribute to this.

Addictive processes and substances trigger the release of feel-good chemicals in your brain. This chemical change is far stronger than it would be as a result of natural rewards like food or exercise. And over time, your brain circuits adapt and become less sensitive to the chemicals that create pleasure. As you build tolerance to a substance, you need to take more of it to feel the same effect. Meanwhile, the parts of the brain that control your decision-making are also disrupted. As a result, addiction becomes more of a habit than a conscious choice. And once you’re physically, emotionally, and psychologically dependent on a substance, it can be very hard to let go of. 

All these factors work together to increase discomfort in early recovery, prompting a strong urge to reach out for something to replace what your adapted systems have lost. 

How to Know When You’re Replacing One Addiction With Another

Recognizing addiction replacement involves being mindful of behavioral shifts and identifying patterns that mirror addictive tendencies. Here are some key signs to watch for:

  • Substitute behaviors: Replacing one behavior with another, like turning to excessive eating, shopping, or gaming after quitting a substance
  • Unhealthy coping patterns: Using a substitute behavior to cope with stress, anxiety, or emotional pain 
  • Impact on daily life: The substitute behavior interferes with your daily responsibilities, relationships, or well-being
  • Loss of control: Feeling unable to cut back or stop the substitute behavior
  • Negative consequences: Health issues, strained relationships, or financial problems stemming from the substitute behavior
  • Increased tolerance: Needing more of the substitute behavior to achieve the same satisfaction
  • Emotional shifts: The substitute behavior becomes your main source of pleasure or relief
  • Urge to escape: A constant desire to escape reality or numb emotions through the substitute behavior

The Benefits of Recognizing Addiction Replacement

While it might feel like a failure, there are real benefits to recognizing when a substitute addiction is starting:

  • Early intervention: Catching substitute addictions early on allows for timely intervention. Because the consequences of addiction get worse over time, addressing it early can improve your treatment outcomes. 
  • Personalized therapeutic approaches: Most rehabs tailor treatment plans to your unique circumstances. The more you know about what’s going on with you, the better they can help you.
  • Increase self-awareness: Spotting the emergence of a substitute addiction requires you to know yourself. This awareness is a powerful tool for personal growth that can help you understand your behaviors, triggers, and underlying issues, and serve you throughout your recovery.
  • Improved emotional regulation: Understanding your tendency to develop substitute addictions can encourage you to explore healthier ways of coping with stress, anxiety, or other emotional challenges. 
  • Motivation for change: Recognizing a substitute addiction can be a wake-up call that prompts you to assess your priorities and make efforts to change harmful patterns.
  • Personal empowerment: Confronting a substitute addiction shows your commitment to personal growth, taking control of your life, and making choices that align with your values.

Learning to identify early warning signs and develop healthy coping mechanisms to prevent relapse increases your chances of a successful, long-term recovery.

The Risks Associated with Addiction Replacement

Letting addiction replacement continue untreated, on the other hand, can make the situation worse.

Replacing one addiction with another is a sign that the underlying problem hasn’t been addressed. And as long as that’s the case, it’s likely that you’ll continue to relapse or develop new addictions. Substitute behaviors—seemingly harmless ones—can be used as strategies to avoid deeper issues like trauma or emotional pain. And opting for unhealthy substitutes can worsen health problems related to addiction, or introduce new ones. 

Confronting these issues is a crucial part of the healing journey. But unresolved trauma is often too intimidating, or too deeply buried, for us to unpack on our own. That’s where professional help comes in. Addiction treatment programs offer the opportunity to explore your unhealed wounds in a supportive environment. Qualified addiction specialists can empower you to navigate challenges, develop healthy coping strategies, and create a healthy, addiction-free life.

Coping Strategies and Alternative Approaches

Not all coping strategies are bad. Just as your brain adapts to addictive behaviors, it can also adapt to new, healthy behaviors that support the life you want.

Developing Healthy Habits

Thankfully, harmful habit formation isn’t the only alternative to addiction. Instead, you can redirect your focus toward positive behaviors and making those a habit. This can look like:

  • Building a new daily routine 
  • Embracing physical activity 
  • Prioritizing self-care
  • Learning to set healthy boundaries
  • Exploring a mindfulness practice like yoga or meditation 
  • Spending time in nature 
  • Discovering a new creative outlet (or rediscovering an old one)

It might take some exploring to find what works for you. 

Having the right support can also help you stay on track when you’re making major life changes. Regularly going to therapy, attending support groups, and investing in supportive relationships are great ways to be proactive in early recovery and beyond. 

Support Systems and Recovery Communities

Recovery doesn’t have to be a solo journey. Surrounding yourself with supportive people can make a world of difference. 

Support groups provide a safe space to connect with others who understand your struggles, share experiences, and learn from each other’s triumphs. These can be 12-Step or non-12-Step, in-person or online. Sharing your story and listening to others eases the feeling that you’re all alone in what you’re going through. And when times get tough, as they inevitably do, your peers can give you the accountability and encouragement you need to stay motivated. They can also help you celebrate successes on your path to recovery, because they understand that even small wins are a big deal.

Real-Life Success Stories

Here are just a few people who successfully overcame their substitute addictions:

Mishka Shubaly overcame his alcohol addiction through running,4 and became an ultra-runner in the process. “It’s a great way to introduce people into something that then later becomes… sort of their coping mechanism, as opposed to picking up a drink or a drug,” says Scott Strode, who founded the nonprofit Phoenix Multisport to promote sobriety5 through athletic activities. 

Many people find their purpose through their recovery journey, and shift their focus to their new passion as a positive way of processing the past. Maura Lerner, who struggled with alcohol addiction during college, discovered her drive to help others. “I will soon receive my LMSW social work license and then start a full-time job in social work,” says Lerner. “I chose this career to help those who have gone through similar situations as I have throughout my life. I want to be able to help families and the individuals they love.”

Move Beyond Substitute Addictions and Into Lasting Recovery 

Recognizing addiction replacement isn’t just about awareness; it’s a springboard for action. Getting professional support can help you pinpoint the cause of your addictions, develop personalized strategies, manage cravings, and learn coping mechanisms that work. Addiction treatment specialists and recovery peers can be invaluable allies on your journey toward a new life. 

Explore addiction treatment centers and search by conditions treated, insurance accepted, and more to find a program that’s right for you.

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Managing Alcohol Withdrawal Insomnia: Tips for a Good Night’s Sleep

Trying to quit drinking and can’t sleep? You’re certainly not the only one. Alcohol withdrawal insomnia is a sleep disruption caused by the brain’s adaptation to alcohol. It leads to anxiety, difficulty falling asleep, and restless nights—and it’s highly common among people who just quit drinking.

Fortunately, there are proven ways to manage these symptoms and promote restful sleep while your body is withdrawing from alcohol. This guide explores science-backed strategies to help you manage withdrawal symptoms, calm your nervous system, and get the rest you deserve.

Why Does Alcohol Withdrawal Cause Insomnia?

Alcohol withdrawal insomnia is a result of alcohol’s effects on your brain’s sleep-wake regulatory systems.1 

Chemical messengers in your brain, like GABA and glutamate, play crucial roles in regulating sleep. When you start drinking, alcohol mimics the effects of GABA and makes you feel sleepy. But when you drink regularly over time, your brain adapts to alcohol. As a result, it produces less of—and becomes less sensitive to—these important sleep chemicals. 

Once your brain and body have gotten used to the regular presence of alcohol, you’re alcohol-dependent. And once dependence sets in, suddenly stopping drinking can cause a number of reactions. For most people, these include anxiety, agitation, and difficulty falling or staying asleep. It’s possible to become dependent on alcohol within weeks or sometimes even days of use.

If this is the case for you, you’re not alone. Research shows that 36-91% of people with alcohol addiction have insomnia.2 So how long can you expect these symptoms to last, and what can you do about it?

How Long Does Withdrawal Insomnia Last?

The struggle with withdrawal insomnia can feel like an eternity—but rest assured, it’s not forever. The duration varies, and depends on factors like the severity of dependence, your metabolism, and underlying health conditions. In general, symptoms are the worst in the first few days of alcohol detox,3 and usually improve over the course of the next few weeks. 

Sleep disturbances might last a while longer. Withdrawal insomnia “may last for weeks to months4 after initiating abstinence from alcohol,” says researcher Kirk J. Brower at University of Michigan Addiction Research Center. While individual experiences differ, keep in mind that this is a temporary hurdle on your path to recovery. 

How to Get Sleep During Alcohol Withdrawal

The good news is that you’re not powerless to change your situation. Several evidence-based strategies can help you manage withdrawal symptoms, promote relaxation, and finally get to sleep.

Set and Stick to a Regular Sleep Schedule

Aim for the same bedtime and wake-up time, even on weekends, to regulate your body’s natural sleep cycle.5 Think of it as training your inner clock for smoother sleep transitions. This regularity helps your body anticipate sleep, making it easier to drift off and wake up feeling rested. Consistency is key, so stick to your schedule as much as possible.

Create a Calming Bedtime Routine

Start your wind-down ritual about an hour before bedtime. You may need to experiment to find what works for you, but it may include the following: 

  • Taking a warm shower or path 
  • Reading a book 
  • Stretching or gentle yoga 
  • Listening to relaxing music, frequencies, or nature sounds 

This dedicated relaxation time signals to your mind and body that it’s time to sleep. Establishing a normal circadian rhythm improves your sleep quality and reduces the withdrawal-induced restlessness that keeps you tossing and turning. 

Optimize Your Sleep Environment

Make your bedroom dark, cool, and quiet for optimal sleep conditions. This might include investing in a comfortable mattress—and if you’re sensitive to light and sound, blackout curtains or earplugs.

Most people sleep better in cooler temperatures, around 65°F, though this can vary per individual. Avoid screens for at least an hour before sleep,6 as their blue light emission suppresses melatonin production and disrupts sleep cycles.

Limit Daytime Naps

While napping might seem like the answer to your fatigue, moderation is crucial during alcohol withdrawal. Short (20-30 minute) naps early in the day can boost your energy in the afternoon without disrupting your nighttime sleep cycle. But longer naps or napping close to bedtime can backfire, leaving you feeling even more restless at night. 

Avoid Caffeine 

While the urge to reach for a cup of coffee during withdrawal might be strong, caffeinated drinks can worsen your sleep struggles. Caffeine acts on the nervous system,7 increasing alertness and anxiety and making it harder to sleep. Opt for herbal teas, decaf coffee, natural juices, or water to support your body’s detox process and minimize disruptions during this challenging period.

Exercise Regularly

Although working out might seem counterintuitive during withdrawal, regular exercise can significantly improve your sleep quality. Aim for moderate-intensity workouts like brisk walking or swimming most days of the week, but avoid stimulating activity close to bedtime. 

Exercise regulates your natural sleep-wake cycle8 and reduces withdrawal-related anxiety. Listen to your body, start slow, and gradually increase intensity as you feel stronger.

Practice Relaxation Techniques

Anxiety and agitation—hallmarks of alcohol withdrawal—can work against your efforts to rest. Fortunately, a number of relaxation techniques can help you let go of what’s been troubling you throughout the day:

These simple yet profound practices encourage stillness, reduce nervous system activity, and prepare your body for sleep. Don’t be afraid to explore different techniques to find what works best for you.

Get Professional Support 

If you’re dependent on alcohol, it’s important to detox under medical supervision. Detoxing on your own can be dangerous. Medical professionals can help you manage alcohol withdrawal and insomnia, and set you up for success in recovery.

After detox, it’s a good idea to follow up with comprehensive addiction treatment to address what’s driving your addiction. Most residential rehab programs treat sleep hygiene as a core component of their programming, especially in early recovery. They can also connect you with resources like support groups (12-Step and non-12-Step) to support your long-term recovery. 

How Long Until Sleep Returns to Normal After Quitting Alcohol?

Most people’s sleep patterns gradually improve in the weeks following detox. Some people experience post-acute withdrawal syndrome, or PAWS, which can last for several months. 

While the withdrawal period can be frustrating, this temporary hurdle shouldn’t deter you from your recovery journey. By seeking professional support and allowing your body time to heal, you can navigate this challenge and reclaim your right to rest.

Find Resources for Alcohol Treatment

For alcohol-dependent people, recovery starts with detox. Search our list of alcohol detox centers to find a program that matches your needs, and reach out directly today. 

Frequently Asked Questions About Alcohol Withdrawal Insomnia

Can you go to rehab for insomnia caused by alcohol withdrawal?

Yes, rehab for insomnia during alcohol withdrawal is beneficial. Alcohol withdrawal insomnia is a common challenge, and rehab programs offer evidence-based strategies to manage symptoms. With a focus on sleep hygiene, relaxation techniques, and comprehensive addiction treatment, rehab provides professional support for a successful recovery journey.

How long does alcohol withdrawal insomnia last, and can rehab help?

The duration of alcohol withdrawal insomnia varies but typically improves over a few weeks. Rehab is instrumental in managing this condition, offering structured support, setting regular sleep schedules, and incorporating relaxation techniques. Professional guidance ensures a safe and effective strategy for overcoming withdrawal-induced sleep disruptions.

Can lifestyle changes improve sleep during alcohol withdrawal?

Yes, lifestyle changes significantly impact sleep quality during alcohol withdrawal. Setting a consistent sleep schedule, creating a calming bedtime routine, optimizing your sleep environment, limiting daytime naps, avoiding caffeine, exercising regularly, and practicing relaxation techniques can help. These adjustments, often emphasized in rehab programs, contribute to a smoother recovery process.

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How to Get Into Rehab Immediately: 5 Steps to Start Treatment Today

Recognizing you need help for addiction is a brave and life-changing realization. Getting immediate treatment through rehab is a great way to start your recovery journey. Breaking free from addiction requires support, a safe environment, and resources that rehab programs offer.

The consequences of addiction get worse over time. The longer it’s left untreated, the more the risks increase. By getting immediate help, you’re empowering yourself to stop the cycle of addiction before it causes further harm.

Here’s how you can get into rehab immediately and begin the work of changing your life.

Infographic titled “5 Steps to Get Into Rehab Immediately,” showing a step-by-step guide: 1) Assess Your Needs—call a provider for assessment; 2) Consider What Matters—identify personal needs; 3) Research Centers—call centers for openings; 4) Verify Insurance—check what’s covered; 5) Prepare for Admission—gather essentials like ID and medication info.

Steps to Take for Immediate Rehab Admission

1. Assess Your Needs

Talk to a professional.

Start by figuring out what kind of help you need. It may help to talk to your therapist, healthcare provider, or other qualified medical professional. Most rehab admissions staff can give you an initial assessment over the phone as part of their intake and admissions process. Just keep in mind that admissions staff are also essentially the rehab’s sales team, so not all the guidance they provide will be unbiased.

Take an assessment.

You can also do a self-assessment using online resources like the screening tools provided by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA).1 This can give you a starting point for understanding your situation, but it shouldn’t replace professional advice.

An initial assessment helps you get clarity on how severe your addiction is, whether you need medically supervised detoxification, and any special requirements you might have, like treatment for co-occurring mental health conditions.

Determine your level of care.

This process also helps determine what type of treatment you need. Inpatient drug or alcohol rehab is generally recommended if you have a severe addiction, need a supportive recovery environment, or are at high risk of relapse. Intensive outpatient rehab programs work better if you have a “high-functioning” addiction, a stable living situation, and a strong support system.

Find out if you need detox.

If you’ve been struggling with opioid, benzo, or alcohol use, you might need to detox under medical supervision before starting rehab. This helps you address dependency and safely manage withdrawal symptoms while reducing your risk of relapse during the withdrawal phase. Your doctor or treatment facility can help you figure out if you need medical detox.

Infographic showing typical wait times for admission into different levels of addiction treatment, comparing insured and uninsured patients. Detox: 1–3 days (insured), 5–10 days (uninsured); Inpatient Rehab: 3–7 days (insured), 10–30 days (uninsured); Outpatient Rehab: 5–14 days (insured), 10–21 days (uninsured); Sober Living: 7–21 days (insured), 14–30+ days (uninsured); MAT: Same-day to 3 days (insured), 3–7 days (uninsured).

2. Consider What Matters to You

Beyond your essential needs, think about what would make your time in rehab comfortable and effective.

You might consider location—do you want to go to a rehab near you, in another state, or even abroad? Think about the client population, too. Is it important for you to attend a center with gender-specific programs or LGBTQ+-affirming care?

What about facilities? Do you need access to a gym, nature trails, or other amenities? Will you need to work during treatment? Are there specific activities or therapeutic approaches that would help you?

If you have co-occurring mental health disorders like trauma or mood disorders, you’ll want a program that addresses these during treatment. And if you’re neurodivergent, you might need a rehab program that can accommodate your specific needs.

If you’re neurodivergent and seeking addiction care, check out our comprehensive guide to finding addiction treatment as a neurodivergent person for tailored approaches that respect your needs.

3. Research Treatment Centers

Now that you know what you need, it’s time to look into your options. 

Use a search tool.

You can use an online treatment finder like Recovery.com to search for programs based on your criteria. Just be aware that not all treatment directories are ethical—many are owned by treatment centers and designed to refer clients to their own programs.

Learn more about the dangers of referral fees for rehab treatment.

Use the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)’s resources.

Another great resource is SAMHSA’s National Helpline (1-800-662-HELP), which is answered 24/7 by trained staff who can provide information and refer you to substance abuse treatment. You can also contact your insurance provider to understand your covered treatment options and locate in-network facilities with immediate openings.

Ask the right questions.

Illustration of a man standing at the edge of a cliff with a ladder nearby, symbolizing a path to recovery. The caption reads, “You don’t have to wait until it gets worse. Help is ready the moment you are.” Promotes timely addiction treatment access with Recovery.com branding.

Once you’ve identified some potential programs, ask questions to gather good information. Find out if they have immediate availability, what level of care they provide, and whether they specialize in treating your specific condition. Ask if they accept your insurance and what the cost of treatment will be.

Learn about their treatment approach, what evidence-based therapies they offer, what amenities they have, and what their aftercare program looks like. These conversations will help you choose the rehab center that best meets your needs and preferences.

Learn more about making an informed choice in our guide on what to ask when calling a rehab center for the first time.

4. Verify Insurance Coverage

Before you commit to a rehab program, look into what your insurance plan covers so you can plan for costs. Contact your insurance provider and explain that you’re seeking immediate admission to rehab. Ask about your coverage for substance use disorder treatment, including coverage for emergency rehab admissions, in-network facilities with immediate availability, copays, deductible, and out-of-pocket expenses, and any prior authorization requirements.

Insurance coverage can be complex, and navigating it alone can be frustrating. The good news is that rehab admissions teams often help clients through this process. Don’t hesitate to ask them for help to make sure you understand your coverage and maximize your benefits for treatment.

5. Prepare Essential Information

To set yourself up for a smooth transition, gather the documents you’ll need for a quick admission. You’ll typically need:

  • A government-issued photo ID, such as your driver’s license or passport
  • Social Security number
  • Proof of address (utility bill, rental agreement)
  • A list of medications you’re currently taking and any relevant medical records 
  • Insurance information (insurance card, member ID number)

Every treatment center is different, so talk to yours to confirm exactly what they’ll need from you.

Using Hotlines and Support Networks

Getting into rehab can be challenging, but you don’t have to figure it out alone. Numerous resources offer immediate guidance and support.

The SAMHSA National Helpline (1-800-662-HELP) is available around the clock. This confidential service is staffed by trained advisors who can help you find rehabs with immediate openings in your area, support you through the intake process, answer your questions about rehab and other addiction treatment options, and connect you with local support groups to start building your sober network.

You can also reach out to the Crisis Text Line by texting HOME to 741741 or chatting with a crisis counselor on their website or via WhatsApp. The Partnership to End Addiction (1-855-378-4373) can help with concerns about a child’s substance misuse. And the National Harm Reduction Coalition has search tools to help you find syringe exchanges or naloxone near you, or you can order naloxone by mail.

Learn more about finding a reputable addiction hotline. 

Considering State-Funded and Non-Profit Rehabs

Navigating Public Assistance Programs

If you have financial limitations, resources are available to help you access immediate drug or alcohol addiction treatment. Here are some options to explore:

  • State-funded programs: Many states offer publicly funded addiction treatment programs for people struggling with alcohol or drug addiction. These programs often cater to low-income residents and may provide immediate placement in drug rehab facilities. Contact your state’s health department or mental health agency for information.
  • Non-profit organizations: Many non-profits are dedicated to supporting people with addiction. They may offer scholarships or financial assistance to cover rehab costs, or run faith-based treatment programs with reduced costs. Research non-profits in your area to learn about their services and eligibility requirements.
  • National hotlines: SAMHSA’s National Helpline (1-800-662-HELP) can also offer guidance on navigating public assistance programs and connect you with relevant resources.

By exploring these reduced-cost options, you can find the support you need to start recovery, even with limited resources.

Learn more about covering treatment costs in our guide to paying for rehab.

Application Process for Public Assistance

Accessing public assistance for rehab involves some extra steps. But with the right guidance, you can navigate the process effectively. Here’s what to expect:

  • Contact your state’s health department or mental health agency. They can provide information on available programs and eligibility requirements in your area.
  • Gather the necessary documents. This may include proof of residency and any medical documentation related to your addiction.
  • Complete an application form. This form will gather details about your situation and assess your eligibility for assistance.
  • Prepare for your interview. A caseworker might interview you to clarify your needs and verify your information.
  • Wait for a decision. Processing times can vary, so be patient and stay connected with the program during this period.

Public assistance programs can help lower financial barriers on your path to recovery.

What to Do if You Encounter a Waitlist

Exploring Alternative Options

Encountering a waitlist for rehab can be discouraging, but it doesn’t have to stall your progress. Here are some options to explore while you wait:

  • Seek outpatient services: While inpatient rehab offers intensive care, outpatient programs can still provide valuable support. These programs allow you to work your treatment plan while continuing daily life, offering individual and group therapy, medication management, and relapse prevention skills.
  • Join support groups: Connecting with others who have similar experiences can be hugely helpful. Support groups offer a space to share experiences, find inspiration, and build your sober community. Look for local 12-step programs like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) or Narcotics Anonymous (NA), or find support groups specific to your addiction.
  • Consider medication-assisted treatment (MAT): MAT uses prescription medication to help people manage opioid addiction. Discuss this option with an addiction-specialized doctor to determine if it’s right for you.

Being on a waitlist doesn’t have to mean complete stagnation. By taking alternative measures, you can maintain momentum toward addiction recovery while you wait to start treatment. 

For more on this, see our article on what to do if a rehab is waitlisted. 

Keeping Multiple Options Open

There are steps you can take to increase your chances of immediate rehab placement. Consider these strategies:

  • Apply to multiple facilities. Don’t limit yourself to a single program. Apply to multiple rehabs and expand your search if necessary.
  • Be upfront about your situation. Inform each facility about your waitlist status at your preferred program and your eagerness to start treatment immediately. This positions you for earlier admission if openings arise.
  • Follow up regularly. Stay in touch with admissions. Inquire about openings and reiterate your interest in starting treatment as soon as possible. 

By being persistent and exploring multiple options, you can increase your chances of getting admitted earlier and starting your recovery journey sooner. 

Preparing for Admission

Once you’ve secured a place in rehab, you can start to prepare for treatment mentally, emotionally, and practically.

  • Pack. Pack comfortable clothing suitable for the center’s location and weather. You won’t be going out much, so just bring the essentials. Most facilities restrict certain items, so check with staff about what to bring. 
  • Decide how you’ll get there. Arrange reliable transportation. It’s helpful to have a sober buddy accompany you for the trip. Ask a trusted friend or family member, or ask your rehab about transfer options. 
  • Mentally prepare. Starting rehab can bring up a lot of emotions. Acknowledge these and process them by journaling, talking to your therapist, or talking with a trusted friend.  

Use our rehab packing list to get ready for your stay. 

Managing Personal Affairs

Before entering rehab, make arrangements to take care of your responsibilities while you’re away. Discuss your leave of absence with your supervisor, following your company’s policies and procedures.

  • Inform your employer. Discuss your leave of absence with your supervisor, following company policies and procedures.
  • Delegate responsibilities. Arrange for someone to handle tasks like childcare, pet care, or paying bills during your absence.
  • Communicate with loved ones. Briefly inform close family and friends about your upcoming stay in rehab.

Starting rehab is a big step. Easing your transition by preparing logistically and emotionally will help you be ready to focus on long-term recovery.

The Role of Intervention Services

Because denial is a core feature of addiction, people in the midst of active use often don’t realize how serious their problem is. It often takes an outside perspective to point it out.

In some cases, an intervention facilitated by a professional can help. Interventionists work with families to plan a structured conversation, encouraging people to accept help and start treatment. An interventionist can guide you through the process, help you navigate charged emotions, and present the benefits of rehab in a clear and supportive way.

Get tips for staging an intervention here. 

Aftercare Planning

In recovery, rehab is just the beginning. Your rehab should provide a robust continuing care plan to help you transition back into daily life and prevent relapse after treatment. This might involve:

  • Stepped-down care such as intensive outpatient treatment or sober living 
  • Online aftercare programs, usually offered for up to 90 days following inpatient treatment 
  • Ongoing individual therapy and help finding a therapist
  • An alumni network that holds regular online or in-person meetings
  • Retreats or refresher courses to reenergize your recovery 
  • Connection with resources in your community like recovery support groups 
  • Identifying people in your existing support network who will continue to support your healing process 

Your continuing care plan should contain some combination of these elements to support your needs after treatment. 

Start Treatment as Soon as Possible for Better Recovery Outcomes

Getting addiction help is a powerful turning point in life—it’s the moment you decide to reclaim control and open the door to new possibilities. Every recovery journey has a beginning, and taking proactive steps to enter rehab as soon as possible sets the foundation for healing and transformation.

It’s hard to reach out when you really need it, but doing so is a way of having your own back that’s a powerful start to building self-trust. You deserve support, and there are people ready to help you navigate this path. The challenges you’re facing don’t have to define you.

Search for addiction treatment centers that meet your criteria and contact them directly about availability. Though it might feel overwhelming now, this one phone call could be the first step toward your well-being. Your future self will thank you for the strength you’re showing today.

FAQs

Q: How can I get admitted to a rehab facility immediately?

A: The fastest way to get same-day admission is to call facilities and ask if they have immediate openings. Then contact your health insurance company to find out which ones are covered. Be ready to provide personal information, medical history, and insurance details during the intake process. If you need drug or alcohol detox, some programs may prioritize you based on how severe your withdrawal risk is.

Q: How can I find a rehab center with immediate availability?

A: Use online tools like Recovery.com, call SAMHSA’s helpline, or ask your insurance provider about in-network facilities that can take you right away. Don’t just apply to one center—try several at once to increase your chances. If getting help quickly is your main priority, try to be flexible about things like location and amenities.

Q: What should I do if I’m on a waiting list for an inpatient treatment program?

A: Don’t just sit and wait—look into outpatient programs in your area, join support groups like AA or NA, or talk to a doctor about medication-assisted treatment if it’s appropriate for your situation. Apply to multiple facilities to improve your chances of getting in somewhere sooner. Keep in regular touch with admissions departments to check for openings from cancellations. Use this waiting time to get yourself mentally prepared and to take care of practical matters before you start treatment.

Q: How can I find a rehab facility with immediate openings?

A: Widen your search area—looking a bit further from home might reveal places that can take you right away. Consider both inpatient and outpatient options, as outpatient programs often have shorter wait times. Call your insurance provider directly and ask specifically for in-network facilities that can accept new patients quickly. It’s usually better to call treatment centers directly instead of relying on their websites, as availability changes frequently and websites aren’t always updated right away.

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Understanding Cross-Tolerance: Effects on Medication and Substance Use

Have you ever felt like tolerance to one drug affects your response to a seemingly unrelated substance? This is cross-tolerance: building tolerance to one substance as a result of using another. And the mechanisms in our brain that cause cross-tolerance to develop show just how interconnected our body’s adaptations are.

Cross-tolerance has a host of implications for everyday life. It affects overdose risk from drug use, complicates addiction recovery, and can even influence the effectiveness of medications for pain management, psychiatry, and chronic disease treatment. 

Here, we explore what cross-tolerance is and how it develops. We’ll also take a look at what the medical community is currently doing to prevent, manage, and treat cross-tolerance for people who use substances or take medications. 

What Is Cross-Tolerance?

The American Psychological Association (APA) defines cross-tolerance1 as “a condition in which tolerance to one drug results in a lessened response (i.e., increased tolerance) to a related drug.”

Cross-tolerance develops when the use of one substance leads to a reduced response to another substance with a similar way of taking effect. This happens due to the body’s adaptation to repeated exposure to a particular type of substance, leading to brain changes that affect your sensitivity. For example, people who develop a tolerance to opioids might also be less sensitive to other substances that affect their opioid receptors, such as certain prescription pain medications.

The APA notes that “Cross-tolerance may be seen with amphetamines, benzodiazepines, hallucinogens, and opiates, among other drugs.”

Other types of substance cross-tolerance include:

  • Alcohol and marijuana 
  • Alcohol and opiates2 
  • Opioids and other opioids
  • Benzos and other sedatives or painkillers 

There’s also evidence to show that you can build cross-tolerance between different psychedelics,3 like LSD (acid) and psilocybin (mushrooms), or mescaline and LSD. This may be because both substances use similar substances to produce effects on the brain. “These two drugs cause psychic disturbances by acting on some common mechanism, or on mechanisms acting through a common final pathway,” say researchers.

Cross-Tolerance in Substance Use

If you use drugs recreationally, cross-tolerance can impact their effectiveness and the risks they carry. 

Cross-tolerance may lessen the desired effects of certain drugs. If you build a tolerance to one drug, you may find it harder to achieve the same level of euphoria or intoxication with a different drug that acts on similar receptors.

Potential for Overdose

Cross-tolerance poses a significant risk of overdose.4 People with higher tolerance may consume higher quantities of a substance, unaware that their tolerance to one substance doesn’t always extend to another. Miscalculating doses in this way increases the risk of toxicity and overdose.

Cross-Tolerance and Polydrug Use

Tolerance can also increase the risks of polydrug use (using multiple drugs at a time). People with cross-tolerance might combine different substances to compensate for reduced effects. This complicates the chemical reactions in your body, increasing the risks of adverse drug reactions, unpredictable interactions, and overdose.

Challenges in Addiction Recovery

Cross-tolerance complicates addiction treatment, as people might require higher doses of medication to achieve therapeutic effects. This can pose challenges in managing withdrawal symptoms and cravings during recovery.

Increased Relapse Risk

People with cross-tolerance can also be at an increased risk of relapse. If you’ve become less sensitive to the effects of one substance, you may be more likely to look for alternatives, which can work against your efforts to stay sober.

How Cross-Tolerance Can Impact the Effectiveness of Your Medication

Cross-tolerance increases the risks of taking certain medications, especially if you use medication regularly for conditions like pain management, a psychiatric disorder, or chronic disease treatment. 

Pain Management

Cross-tolerance complicates the prescription of opioids and other pain-relieving medications. If you’ve developed cross-tolerance through the use of opioid medications, it may reduce their analgesic effects. That means you need higher doses to achieve the same pain relief, increasing the risk of opioid addiction and other negative side effects.

Response to Psychiatric Medications

If you take medication for a psychiatric condition,5 cross-tolerance can change your response to your medication. People with a history of tolerance to one class of psychotropics may need to have their dosage adjusted, or use a different medication to achieve therapeutic effects.

Impact on Chronic Disease Management

Cross-tolerance can impact the effectiveness of medications used to manage chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, or heart conditions. Reduced responsiveness can compromise the ability to control your symptoms and manage the progression of the disease.

Overmedication and Increased Side Effects

Cross-tolerance can lead to overmedication as you require higher doses to achieve the intended therapeutic effects. This increases the likelihood of adverse side effects and complications, including overdose.

Treatment Resistance

People with cross-tolerance may develop treatment resistance, where medications lose their effectiveness over time. This poses a significant challenge in managing chronic conditions, and may mean you’ll need to explore alternative treatment approaches.

Managing Cross-Tolerance and Reducing Its Effects

Strategies Used in Professional Settings

If you’re seeking rehab for substance addiction, your program should create an individualized treatment plan that takes your cross-tolerance and need for medication management into account. Your rehab will need to carefully assess your substance use history to tailor treatment effectively. Ideally, they should have a psychiatrist or other specialized medical doctor on their clinical team. 

In an addiction treatment program, or as part of your normal medical or psychiatric care, you should receive a regular medication review.6 In this review, your doctor can check for cross-tolerance and ensure your medications work together effectively without excessive side effects. 

If you’re in recovery and have a history of cross-tolerance, you should receive continuous monitoring and support by qualified professionals. A comprehensive recovery strategy includes regular assessments, adjustments to treatment plans, and ongoing therapy.

Rehab programs often include an educational component to help people understand how addiction works in the mind and body. This may include education about cross-tolerance to help you make informed decisions about your recovery.

Tips for Patients and People Who Use Substances

If you’re concerned about cross-tolerance, it’s important to get guidance from medical care professionals.

If you’re addicted to multiple substances, or want to recover from substance addiction while taking medication, seek professional help via an addiction treatment program that includes medical treatment. Be transparent with your treatment team about substance use patterns so they can tailor treatment plans effectively. Rehab admissions staff can also help you understand what the available treatment options are, and which ones may be most appropriate for you. 

If you use multiple substances and don’t plan on quitting, or don’t feel ready to quit yet, learning harm reduction techniques can help you stay safe and prevent overdose. These are reputable harm reduction resources: 

If your prescribing doctor isn’t already doing so, request regular medication reviews to maintain therapeutic benefits without relying on increased dosing.

The Science Behind Cross-Tolerance

Chemical Processes in the Body

Your brain has an amazing ability to adapt. Unfortunately, that also means it can adapt to repeated exposure to certain substances. This happens on a cellular level, influencing your neurotransmitter (brain chemical) systems, receptor (sites in your brain that receive chemicals) function, and neural plasticity (the ability of your brain to change).

Prolonged exposure to a specific substance can alter your baseline levels of certain neurotransmitters. This includes feel-good chemicals like GABA and dopamine.7 You also become less sensitive to the effects of these chemicals, meaning you need higher doses of a substance to elicit the same response. This is how tolerance is formed.

As your body strives to maintain internal stability in response to chronic substance exposure, it may activate certain mechanisms to counteract the substance. This might include releasing extra enzymes that help metabolize the substance, for example.

With cross-tolerance, these mechanisms of tolerance-building apply to multiple substances. That is, the tolerance you build to one substance affects your tolerance for another. This usually happens between substances that share common receptor systems or pathways. For example, opioids and prescription painkillers can cause cross-tolerance,8 because they work by affecting your opioid receptors.

Risk Factors for Cross-Tolerance

A number of factors can affect your likelihood of developing cross-tolerance:

  • Inherent sensitivity: Some people’s neurotransmitter systems are more sensitive than others. People with naturally high or low sensitivity to certain substances may have different levels of tolerance.
  • Substance type and similarity: Cross-tolerance is more likely to occur between substances that have similar chemical structures or act on the same receptors. 
  • Polydrug use: Using multiple substances increases the risk of cross-tolerance. That’s because exposure to different substances at the same time can lead to overlapping adaptations in neural pathways.
  • Frequency and duration of use: Regular and prolonged use of substances contributes to the development of cross-tolerance, because they influence the extent to which your body adapts to substances. If you have a pattern of bingeing on substances intermittently, this can also accelerate the development of tolerance.
  • Individual metabolism: Your metabolism affects how substances are processed and cleared from the body, and therefore affects the speed at which cross-tolerance develops.
  • Underlying conditions: People with underlying mental health conditions may be more susceptible to cross-tolerance. 
  • Age and developmental stage: Teens and young adults may be more vulnerable to the development of cross-tolerance due to ongoing neural development. Substance exposure during this critical period can have lasting effects on the maturing brain.
  • Environmental factors: Stressful environments and chronic stress can amplify the risk of cross-tolerance. Environmental factors, like exposure to trauma or adverse life events, can prompt addictive behaviors that shape neural adaptations.
  • Rapid tolerance building: Research shows that building tolerance to a substance quickly9 can be a predictor of chronic tolerance and cross-tolerance.

How Research Helps Us Understand Cross-Tolerance

Ongoing research on cross-tolerance plays a pivotal role in our understanding of the complex interactions between substances and the human body. These studies help professionals develop more effective strategies to manage and treat cross-tolerance. 

Implications for Heroin Addiction Recovery

Buprenorphine is an opioid medication that’s used to treat heroin addiction. Because heroin and other opioids are so physically addictive, quitting them cold-turkey can be dangerous. With medication-assisted treatment, patients take a prescribed opioid instead, then taper off under the guidance of their doctor. A recent study finds that for people who regularly use heroin, cross-tolerance to buprenorphine10 is associated with intravenous drug use and a faster return to opioid use.

Effects on Anesthesia 

Cross-tolerance can also affect how effective anesthesia is, which is especially important to know for performing major surgeries. Emerging research looks into how building tolerance to certain substances, like opioids, impacts the effects of anesthesia.11  

Cross-Tolerance Between ADHD Medications

As increasing numbers of people, especially teens and young adults, are taking medication for ADHD, new research explores important considerations for these drugs. One study shows that cross-tolerance and “tolerance build-up” can result from stimulants prescribed to treat ADHD12 when multiple medications are used.

Future Directions 

As the behavioral health community strives to learn more about cross-tolerance, continued research looks at mapping neural pathways, identifying genetic markers, and understanding substance-specific adaptations. Researchers are also further exploring the associations between cross-tolerance and certain mental health conditions.

The more we learn about how cross-tolerance develops, the better medical professionals will be able to prevent, treat, and manage its effects. In the future, this could look like earlier intervention, more precise treatment, and more effective treatment methods. 

Get the Medical Support You Need to Stay Safe

If you use medication regularly to manage pain, chronic disease, or a psychiatric disorder, cross-tolerance can have serious implications for how effective your medications is and what side effects it has.

And if you use multiple substances in combination, or take different substances in sequence, your tolerance to each of those substances can impact your tolerance to others. That poses significant challenges to preventing adverse reactions and managing your risk of overdose. It can also complicate the addiction recovery process and require additional medical support. 

Thankfully, our understanding of cross-tolerance is evolving as scientific research continues.   

If you take multiple medications, it’s a good idea to request regular medication reviews from your prescribing doctor or a qualified psychiatrist. And if you’re ready to get help for an addiction and cross-tolerance is a concern for you, plenty of treatment centers have medical professionals on staff who can ensure your recovery is as safe as possible. 

See our list of medical treatment rehabs to search by conditions treated, insurance accepted, and more, and start your recovery journey today.

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What Is a Chosen Family?

Chosen families are often developed as a replacement for, or addition to, biological families. 

These families have a profound impact. This is especially true for LGBTQ+ folks who face rejection and homophobia, and anyone who doesn’t have adequate support from their family of origin. Here’s a look at the benefits of chosen family, plus practical steps you can take to create these vital connections.

Chosen Family vs. Family of Origin: Finding Support Beyond Blood

While families of origin play a significant role in shaping us, they don’t always offer an ideal environment or sufficient support for navigating life’s challenges. Our birth families may not have the emotional maturity to accept our changing realities, and they may not be the best source of support for recovery. In fact, addiction is usually a product of unresolved trauma, which often has its roots in early childhood. 

This is where the dynamics of chosen families shine.

Defining Found Family 

So what is a chosen family, exactly?

Unlike families that we’re born into, found families are actively chosen by their members and built on shared values, experiences, and understanding. They provide an important refuge from adversity, and a sense of belonging that members may be missing elsewhere in their lives. 

Challenges of Chosen Families 

However, challenges can arise within chosen families:

  • Unclear legal status: Limited legal rights make issues like medical decisions or inheritance more complex for chosen families. But diverse family structures are gaining legal recognition,1 with several U.S. states requiring employers to allow sick leave to care for anyone who is the “equivalent of family.”
  • Social stigma: Societal expectations toward “traditional” families can cause others to judge or misunderstand chosen families.
  • Normal family challenges: No family is perfect—and that includes chosen family. Your found family can have disagreements and rifts just like any other interpersonal relationship. 

Despite these hitches, the strength and support found in chosen families often exceed conventional family structures. And that’s especially helpful when facing challenges around addiction and mental health.

Finding and cultivating a robust support system is crucial to your healing journey, and to life in general. If your relationship with your birth family isn’t entirely supportive, chosen family can be a great way to gain validation and find your place in the world. 

Why Chosen Family Matters in the LGBTQ+ Community

Chosen family is vital to many LGBTQ+ people who, despite significant progress in recent decades, still encounter deeply impactful homophobia and abuse. Even today, 39% of queer people say they’ve been rejected by family2 members or friends—if they tell their families at all. Just 56% say they’ve come out to their mother, and 39% have come out to their father. 

For people who face rejection from their birth families, the safety of found family is even more critical. One study on the meaning of “family” in queer communities3 found that “Biological family is sometimes associated with words that instigate fear, danger, and insecurity, while the concept of chosen family is associated with words like trusting, like-minded, understanding, welcoming, loving, committed, etc.”

Found family relationships in the queer community were formalized in the ‘70s by the ballroom scene, where trans people and drag queens live together, take the name of their house, and refer to each other using family terms. 

Found Family and LGBTQ+ Homeless Youth

Chosen family is especially important for young queer people, many of whom face housing instability because of rejection or violence at home. 40% of homeless youth are LGBTQ+.4 

One trans woman named Star recalls how her chosen queer family helped her survive after leaving home at 19:

In high school I was living with a homophobic uncle who gay bashed someone…He said ‘I bashed them because they didn’t tell me what they were. I need to know… what are you?’ I ran away. Then, after coming out as trans at 18, someone I was staying with gave me two weeks to leave. At 19, I got a one-way train ticket to San Francisco.

Star ended up homeless at age 20 after facing struggles with housing and employment. It was her new queer community that eventually connected her with work and housing.

“I was cast in a queer cabaret—I lived in a shelter and went to rehearsals,” said Star. “When my time was up at the shelter, I was able to get a sublet through my new connections.” 

Even for people who aren’t facing homelessness, chosen family can be a lifeline in a world of otherwise inadequate support. 

Benefits of Chosen Family

These meaningful connections impact multiple areas of life: 

Emotional Support

Many people are attracted to chosen families because they feel accepted and valued for who they are—an experience they may not have had with their family of origin. When you’re in mental health or addiction recovery, a safe space for vulnerability is essential to your healing progress. 

Reducing Isolation

Loneliness is a part of life. But excessive social isolation can lead to anxiety and depression, or worsen symptoms of existing mental health conditions. Chosen family builds in a social safety net that lets you know you’re not alone through life’s ups and downs.

Healing Developmental Trauma 

Parents are just people with children. They may not be fully equipped to raise their kids to be secure, emotionally mature adults. All of us deal with some degree of developmental trauma.6 Chosen family can provide the nurturing, acceptance and understanding we lacked in childhood, filling in the gaps where our birth families fell short. 

Mutual Aid and Tangible Support

Chosen family can be a reliable source of practical help in times of need. This might take the form of financial assistance, caregiving, or help during an emergency.

Resilience Against Adversity

If you have a history of complex trauma, you may have a heightened stress response.7 That can be further compounded by minority stress related to your sexual orientation or gender identity. If that’s the case, you may feel more empowered to deal with life’s challenges with the unwavering support of found family members in your corner.

Diverse Perspectives

Because chosen families bring together people from various backgrounds, they often offer more diversity in perspectives, experiences, and cultures than biological families.

Improving Relationships With Your Family of Origin

Breaking cycles of generational trauma8 is extremely difficult to do on your own. If your goal is to heal your relationship with your birth family, it can be easier to do so with the support of your found family. 

Coming out to my birth family is an ongoing process, and one that is incredibly scary for me. I couldn’t have done it without my found family’s support, because as accepting as my family has been, that acceptance was never guaranteed,” says GLAAD contributor Pallas Gutierrez. “Without a found family who would accept and love me9 to rely on, my relationship to my birth family would be very different.

Your chosen family should give you the freedom to show up in the world as your true self: someone with valid thoughts, emotions, and the right to exist, just like everyone else. 

If you don’t have a chosen family, how do you go about finding one? 

How to Find Your Chosen Family

Daniel Blevins, founder of the group Stand In Pride, says to build a chosen family,10 start by assessing connections you already have: 

Take stock of the people who are around you, people who make you feel safe. Who checks on you? Who’s concerned about your well-being? Who’s making sure that you’re OK? Just having that connection with someone who instinctively knows when you’re not OK, I think that’s a good indicator that you’re more than just friends.

LGBTQ+ rights organization Family Equality11 also suggests asking yourself these questions: 

  • How do you define family?
  • What do you see when you picture your chosen family?
  • What family roles are important to you?
  • Do you need help? If so, how?

Then, write down 1-2 friends you’d like to strengthen your relationship with. Think of how you can approach your friendship with these people more intentionally. When you’re ready, expand that list to 5-10 people. 

Connect Online

Several online communities exist to connect queer people with supportive community:

  • Stand in Pride has both international and local community chapters.
  • Free Mom Hugs holds local events throughout the U.S. and Canada.
  • Findhelp.org lets you enter your zip code to find help with logistical needs that a family member might normally help with. 

Remember to choose your family well! These should be people you feel comfortable with, feel like you can be yourself around, trust, and who truly have your best interests at heart. 

Tip: Good relationships are reciprocal. An even flow of giving and receiving, talking and listening, is a sign of a healthy friendship. If you constantly feel drained after hanging out with someone, or have to explain to them how to be a decent friend, take these into account as potential red flags. 

Find Other Support in Addition to Your Chosen Family

If you’re looking to kickstart your healing journey and make healthy connections in the process, rehab can be a great launchpad. Community is a key component of most treatment programs, with rehab peers, group therapy, support groups, and existing social connections all playing a part in your healing. 

Browse LGBTQ+ friendly rehabs to find a program that meets your needs and reach out to admissions staff directly.