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Rehab for Survivors of Sexual Trauma

Sexual trauma is never the survivor’s fault. It doesn’t matter what you wore, who you dated, or whether you fought back. Many people struggle to believe that, which can make it hard to ask for support. But remember: You deserve care. You have the right to heal. And for some clients, rehab for sexual trauma is a helpful place to start.

Assault may take place as an isolated instance, or it may be a prolonged series of events. And survivors of domestic violence situations may face even more barriers to healing. But under any circumstances, these experiences can have a long-term impact on your mental health.

Healing isn’t a linear process, especially for this type of trauma. Some survivors may continue to experience triggers for years to come, or even permanently. But over time, you can develop the tools you need to live with what you’ve been through, and even thrive as a result of your post-traumatic growth. Yes: after sexual assault, it is absolutely possible to heal and grow.

The Emotional Impact of Sexual Assault

According to the CDC, 43.6% of women and 24.8% of men report having experienced some form of contact sexual violence1 in their lifetimes. In other words, nearly half of women and nearly a quarter of men have been groped, raped, or otherwise touched in a nonconsensual way. A much greater percentage of people have experienced sexual harassment without physical contact. And these numbers only reflect reported instances of these events.

And these are just the documented cases. Based on purely anecdotal data, it’s safe to assume that many, many more people have experienced sexual trauma and chosen not to report it. When the #MeToo movement2 took social media by storm in 2017, the sheer volume of posts and responses suggested that the actual number of people who have been assaulted is much, much greater than that shown by statistics.

This idea is bolstered by the #WhyIDidntReport movement, 3in which people shared their reasons for remaining silent about assault. Researchers found that these reasons fall into a number of categories, including (but not limited to) shame, denial, fear, hopelessness, substance misuse, and even the desire to protect their assailant from legal consequences. Data also suggests that male survivors are less likely to report rape.4 As a result, we may never know exactly how common this experience is.

Sexual trauma can be extremely harmful, in both clear and unexpected ways. While it’s easy to see how physical violence can cause injury, some of the other effects of assault are far less visible.

Mental Health Conditions

Research has found that “the most frequently observed symptoms following rape are fear and anxiety.”5 And 44% of survivors reported moderate or severe symptoms of depression within one month of their assault. These symptoms may last for a short period of time after the event, or they may indicate the onset of a chronic mental health condition.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is perhaps the most likely diagnosis for survivors of sexual trauma. Findings “indicate that PTSD is common and severe following sexual assault.”6 This condition may result in flashbacks, dissociation, anxiety, and even physical symptoms. Most people with PTSD also struggle with triggers. A trigger is an event that reminds you of a traumatic experience, causing you to respond in a way that is disproportionate to current circumstances but would have been appropriate during the initial incident.

If the experience of sexual trauma occurred over a prolonged period of time, or was one aspect of long-term domestic violence, it may result in complex PTSD (c-PTSD).7 This condition is similar to PTSD, with slightly different symptoms. Some rehab programs are specifically designed to help clients with both PTSD and C-PTSD.

Decreased Self-Esteem

Survivors of sexual assault share a tendency to blame themselves for what happened. It can be hard to reconcile the experience of losing agency with the personal responsibility to heal after trauma. According to experts, “Self-blame is a central construct in the sexual assault recovery8 field theorized to be related to the loss of control that occurs during the assault and internalized feelings of responsibility for the assault happening and/or for one’s responses to it.”

Perhaps as a result of this, survivors of rape report “significantly lower self-esteem” than people who have not experienced sexual trauma. This symptom can make them more vulnerable to other adverse experiences, such as abuse, serious mental health conditions, and substance misuse.

Changes to Sexuality

Assault is not sex.9 It may be about sex. And by definition, sexual trauma includes sexual acts. But sex requires consent. That being said, this type of trauma can change the way a survivor feels about consensual sex. After rape, consensual sex may feel unsafe, triggering, or even physically painful. It’s quite common for a person’s interest in sex to change drastically after being assaulted.

Although “sexual assaults alter the frequency of [survivors’] sexual interactions,”10 these changes are not always straightforward. Some survivors may become sex-repulsed, and even decide to be celibate for a time. Others may show signs of hypersexuality, in which they seek out as many consensual sexual experiences as possible. In fact, data suggests that hypersexuality may be directly linked to PTSD.11 Because of this, experts have called for research into possible connections between trauma and sex addiction.

Substance Use Disorders

Many survivors of sexual trauma go on to develop substance use disorders. This coping mechanism, while unhealthy, can feel like a way of self-medicating. It may also help survivors temporarily regain a sense of agency. However, it is not an effective way to heal. Substance misuse simply provides a brief break from survivors’ most difficult symptoms, and in the long term it may result in even more serious issues.

According to experts, there’s “overwhelming evidence that victims/survivors of sexual violence are much more likely to use alcohol and other drugs12 to cope with the trauma of their victimization. Women with sexual abuse histories were more likely to report more drug-related problems…A vicious cycle may develop in which an already traumatized individual who uses substances to cope is at greater risk of experiencing additional trauma.” These behaviors may also damage the survivors’ relationships, making it difficult for them to get the support they need.

Other Impacts of Sexual Assault

In addition to its emotional impact on the survivor, sexual trauma can have an effect on their wider community. This can be true in the short term, as people react to the news of the event, and in the long term, as the survivor’s needs from those around them change.

Impact on Interpersonal Relationships

Because trauma may cause changes to the survivor’s sexuality, it often has a direct effect on their current and future romantic relationships. And depending on how a partner reacts to hearing about their history, it may result in either deeper or more fragile trust.

This disclosure, to both partners and friends, is an extremely important part of long-term healing. “A growing body of research suggests that the type of social reactions sexual assault survivors receive from others13 can have a profound impact on their health and well-being.”

Community Impact

There are a number of myths about sexual assault,14 including the idea that it’s normally perpetrated by a stranger. When we think of rape, we may imagine a person wearing a ski mask in a dark alley, grabbing an unsuspecting passerby. While this does sometimes happen, the vast majority of assaults are perpetrated by a person the survivor already knows.

According to RAINN (Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network), 80% of rapes are committed by someone in the survivor’s life.15 39% of perpetrators are acquaintances, and 33% are current or former romantic partners. And these events are associated with significantly higher rates of PTSD and depression than those perpetrated by strangers. “It is also likely that the breach of trust and sense of humiliation women may experience after intimate partner sexual violence16 may contribute to poor mental health outcomes.”

When the survivor and perpetrator share a community, they may both face significant social struggles after the trauma occurs. Survivors risk not being believed, losing friends, and losing access to community spaces inhabited by the perpetrator. Because social support is such an important part of healing, this can make it difficult to move forward.

“This stacked deck, known as ‘rape culture,’17 is the set of social attitudes about sexual assault that leads to survivors being treated with skepticism and even hostility, while perpetrators are shown empathy and imbued with credibility not conferred on people accused of other serious crimes, like armed robbery.” And rape culture has a quantifiable impact on the availability of resources for survivors.18

Healing From Sexual Trauma

Healing from sexual violence19 is a process that entails ups and downs. You can absolutely heal, but it’s important to be patient with yourself. Over time, you may recover repressed memories, find that triggers have resurfaced, or even be retraumatized by future events. Because of this, it’s important to develop a strong set of tools that will help you navigate life after sexual trauma.20 Certain styles of therapy can be especially helpful for survivors.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been proven to be effective for trauma survivors. Specifically, experts believe that cognitive processing therapy (CPT), which is one subset of CBT skills, can help clients heal from sexual trauma.

In CPT, clients examine their own deepest beliefs and emotional responses. It follows a very specific protocol, and is normally delivered over the course of 12 sessions. During this time, the client recounts the traumatic event with the goal of re-experiencing their own emotional reactions to it. Then, they evaluate their feelings, learning to modify their logical response to their own emotional experience.

Exposure Therapy

In this type of therapy, clients recount their most difficult memories, intentionally causing themselves to have a triggered emotional response in a safer context. This work can be extremely difficult, and should always be guided by a skilled practitioner.

Much like CBT and CPT, exposure therapy22 teaches you to navigate your own most painful emotions. As hard as the therapeutic process can be, it imparts valuable skills that help clients navigate future triggers and challenges.

Body Awareness

Sexual trauma can cause survivors to dissociate, feeling as if they’ve lost ownership over their own bodies. Reclaiming your body after sexual assault23 can be both difficult and immensely helpful.

This is an extremely personal process, even more so than some other forms of healing. The important thing is to choose activities that work for you, and not only those that you believe should work. Some clients benefit from a combination of exercise, massage therapy, healthy eating, or mindful meditation on physical sensations.

Simply learning to feel at home in your own body is a powerful coping mechanism. This skill may also help survivors avoid engaging in unhealthy behaviors, like substance misuse.

Rehab for Sexual Trauma

Sexual trauma often causes survivors to develop unhealthy coping mechanisms, including substance use disorders and eating disorders. It can also result in co-occurring mental health diagnoses, like depression and anxiety.

Fortunately, many rehabs specialize in treating dual diagnoses. As a result, these facilities are equipped to help survivors with more than one concern. Some programs also offer trauma-informed care, which is specifically designed to treat survivors. This may be appropriate for anyone with a history of trauma, whether or not that trauma includes consent violations.

If you choose to attend rehab for sexual trauma, it’s important to manage your own expectations about the healing process. Rehab can’t undo what happened to you. But it can help you develop the tools you need to successfully navigate life in its aftermath.

Living With a History of Trauma

Healing from sexual violence is a lifelong process. It may result in permanent changes to your sex life, relationships, and sense of self. That being said, not all of these changes need to be negative. Experts have found that “recovery from sexual victimization is possible”—and you may even experience post-traumatic growth.24

Whatever the future holds, though, healing from trauma often begins with being present in the moment. Many clients benefit from simply accepting difficult emotions, instead of trying to ignore or “fix” them. This can be helpful both for clients healing from a recent assault, and for those who had a traumatic experience long ago. No matter what happened to you in the past, understand that you have the right to heal. And you have the right to ask for help.

Your journey toward healing can begin whenever you’re ready—discover how trauma treatment programs can provide the supportive environment and specialized care to help transform your pain into growth and renewal.

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Depression in Men: Recognizing and Treating a Hidden Condition

Depression can be difficult for anyone to discuss, as sufferers have to deal with not only their condition but also the stigma associated with it. This challenge can be even more profound for men. Many men who struggle with depression suffer silently for years, compounding their feelings of sadness with the frustration, anger, and guilt of seeming weak. And unfortunately, these feelings often hinder men from seeking treatment for their depression.

While the symptoms are similar across genders, there are some key differences in how depression manifests in men. For example, when men are depressed, they may tend to appear aggressive or angry instead of sad. Also, while women can often be more in tune with their emotions and recognize depression for what it is, it can be harder for men to identify it in themselves. They may be more likely to ignore or suppress their feelings, or to attribute them to something else.

Depression can disrupt men’s daily lives and negatively impact their physical health, interpersonal relationships, and careers. It can also be life-threatening, as depressed men are 4 times more likely to commit suicide than women.1 That’s why we need to understand the signs and sometimes unique symptoms of male depression.


In this article, we’ll explore how depression presents in men. We’ll also dive into the reasons why men and those around them often fail to recognize that they’re suffering from depression and the consequences this can have, as well as how to find effective treatment.

Signs of Male Depression

Men face a set of cultural expectations as to how they’re supposed to display (or not display) emotion. As such, they’re more prone to hide certain feelings for fear of being criticized or rejected. Whereas depression may show up in women as sadness, some men may be less comfortable with this expression. Men might express feelings of sadness as anger or aggression—which in turn makes depression harder to identify.

Physical Symptoms

According to the U.S. National Institutes of Health, what we go through mentally and emotionally can affect us physically. Men may notice the physical effects of depression2 first, and are more likely to go to the doctor for physical problems than emotional ones.

These are some of the most common physical indicators of depression in men:

  • Headaches
  • Chest tightness or pain
  • Gastrointestinal problems
  • Erectile dysfunction or loss of libido

These symptoms may occur due to changes in brain function caused by depression, or they may result from other disruptions depression can bring, such as changes in eating habits or sleep. Fortunately, getting treatment for depression can provide relief from its physical and psychological effects.

Behavioral Symptoms

Early indicators of depression in men3 might include anger, aggression, irritability, and frustration. Since feelings lead to actions, behavioral signs might also appear:

  • Increased drug or alcohol use
  • Becoming controlling or abusive in relationships
  • Working more without taking breaks
  • Participating in high-risk activities, such as dangerous sports or unsafe sex
  • Falling behind on work or family duties

According to one survey analysis published in the medical journal JAMA Psychiatry, these self-destructive reactions are often the consequence of men lashing out in an attempt to hide their depression.4

What Causes Depression?

A combination of factors can cause depression in men:

Stress

Financial difficulties, the death of a loved one, relationship problems, major life changes, professional challenges, or any other stressful circumstance may trigger depression in certain men. Likewise, lacking the skills to cope successfully with stressors can worsen their emotional state.

Illness

Depression can result from medical conditions like diabetes, cancer, heart disease, or Parkinson’s disease. It can also exacerbate these issues, and vice versa. Medications used to treat these conditions might sometimes have adverse effects that induce or aggravate depression symptoms.

Genetics

Men with a family history of depression may be more prone to develop the condition.

Isolation

Loneliness can be harmful to your mental health if it lasts for a long period of time. Loneliness has been linked to an increased risk for mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, sleep disorders, and stress.

Childhood Trauma

Men who incurred abuse or trauma during childhood may experience severe depression as adults.

Substance Abuse

Men who have a history of drug or alcohol abuse may be at risk for developing severe depression. Depression is also a risk factor for substance abuse, as sufferers may self-medicate with drugs and alcohol. This combination of depression and substance abuse is known as a co-occurring disorder and requires specialized treatment. In this case, it’s best to seek comprehensive therapy that addresses both issues.

The possible causes of male depression are as unique as each individual. There are also a number of reasons why men or their loved ones may not recognize their depression.

Why Does Men’s Depression So Often Go Unrecognized?

The reasons men may ignore, hide, or simply be unable to see their depression for what it is can be complex. Emotional or behavioral indicators of depression in males might be misinterpreted as negative personality attributes. And because men are culturally conditioned to believe that expressing emotions connected with depression is wrong, many therefore strive to repress them. Even those who do recognize they’re depressed may avoid seeking treatment for fear of damaging their reputation among colleagues, family, or friends.

Co-Occurring Depression and Substance Abuse

As mentioned earlier, men often use alcohol or drugs to escape from their daily struggles or to cope with overwhelming symptoms of depression.

Co-occurring substance abuse can add to the challenge of treating men with depression. The two conditions can fuel each other’s negative cycles, ramping up behavioral consequences like aggression and risk-taking. This, in turn, can cause significant negative results in a man’s relationships, employment, and physical health.

Risks of Untreated Depression in Men

Effectively treating male depression can be lifesaving. Depression can cause people to feel powerless and hopeless, putting some at a dangerous risk for suicide.

If you’re having thoughts of suicide or self-harm, contact the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255 for confidential assistance from a trained counselor. If you or someone you love is in immediate danger, call 911.

Untreated depression can last for months or years. And in addition to the day-to-day suffering it brings, it can also put men at risk of serious, long-term consequences.

According to the U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, scientists have known for many years that there’s a link between depression and heart disease.5 Depression affects at least a quarter of all cardiac patients, and people with depression are more likely to develop heart disease.

In addition, depression and stress damage the immune system,6 and as mentioned earlier, can lead to several other physical ailments.

Families are profoundly affected when a loved one suffers from untreated depression. Family members may carry guilt around the situation, believing they did something to cause it or could have done more to help. They might also feel fearful about their loved one’s wellbeing, or anxious because they’re empathizing with his pain. Or, they might feel like they’re walking on eggshells due to his unpredictable moods.

Those struggling with severe depression might find intensive treatment at a residential depression treatment center to be helpful.

Inpatient Depression Treatment

Many residential rehab centers treat not only addiction, but also mental health issues like depression. If depression impairs your ability to function in daily life, you may find relief in a residential rehab‘s higher level of care. Inpatient depression treatment allows you to devote your full attention to your recovery for an extended period. In inpatient treatment, you’ll receive treatment in an immersive therapeutic setting, with 24/7 access to staff. Most rehabs also offer aftercare programming to help you transition to life back home and maintain your progress and lifestyle changes after inpatient care.

Gender-Specific Care

Some rehabs offer gender-specific programming, which can help with a few aspects of treatment:

  • Increasing comfort levels: Men may feel freer to open up about their experiences (for example, they may be less apt to self-censor during group sessions), allowing them to get more out of the treatment process.
  • Avoiding distraction: Early recovery is a vulnerable time, when emotions are often running high. Without the added pressure of women in the treatment setting, some men might feel better able to focus on their work of healing.
  • Forming bonds: Learning from shared experiences and finding commonalities with others can help men feel they’re not alone.

Centers Offering Men-Only Treatment Programs

Following are a few examples of depression rehabs with programs designed specifically for men:

Soberman’s Estate

This men-only residential center in Cave Creek, Arizona serves men between the ages of 30 and 80, and happily accommodates executive clientele. Their depression treatment program focuses on the emotional challenges that men, in particular, face. Their campus in the “shadow of the saguaro” offers expansive natural beauty and amenities such as a putting green, fire pit, and farm-to-table meals to help men rediscover their appreciation for life’s simple joys.

Peaks Recovery

This dual-diagnosis treatment center in Colorado Springs, Colorado offers a men’s inpatient program aimed at allowing clients to address gender-specific issues while strengthening bonds between peers. Clients live in one of 3 separate homes on their 12.5-acre campus, surrounded by Rocky Mountain scenery that inspires self-connection.

Taking Steps Towards Relief

Depression is a serious, life-altering disorder. It’s critical to understand that this persistent sadness is not a sign of weakness. It’s a real illness, and it requires proper treatment.

Recognizing the signs of depression, learning more about your condition and what you can do to treat it, and reaching out to a facility for an assessment are the first steps toward taking back your life.

Learn more about depression treatment facilities here.

Frequently Asked Questions About Male Depression

How is depression in men different from depression in women?

While the symptoms of depression are similar across genders, there are some key differences in how it manifests in men. Men may tend to exhibit aggression or anger rather than sadness when depressed. They may also have difficulty identifying their own depression and ignore or suppress their feelings. Understanding these differences is important for addressing male depression effectively.

What are the treatment options for male depression?

Effective treatment options for male depression include therapy, medication, lifestyle changes, and support from loved ones. Individual therapy can help men explore and address underlying issues contributing to their depression. Medication (prescribed by a healthcare professional) may be used to manage symptoms. Making positive lifestyle changes like exercising regularly, eating well, and managing stress can also support mental wellness.

Are there specialized treatment programs for men with depression?

Yes, there are specialized treatment programs available specifically designed to address the unique needs of men with depression. Some luxury rehabs offer gender-specific programming, creating a safe and supportive environment where men can openly discuss their experiences and find commonalities with peers. These programs aim to increase comfort levels, avoid distractions, and foster bonds among participants. Examples of such programs include Soberman’s Estate in Arizona and Peaks Recovery in Colorado.

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Too Late to Go to Rehab? Finding the Right Recovery Path as an Older Adult

Older adults face a unique set of challenges when it comes to finding treatment for addiction or mental health disorders. If you’re in this age group, you might feel self-conscious about seeking help at this point in your life, or be worried that you won’t be able to relate to your recovery peers if you do. And while it’s true that a smaller percentage of treatment centers offer special services for more senior clientele, the good news is that there are plenty of rehab programs specifically for older adults available to help people like you.

Addiction affects people of all ages and walks of life. No matter how old you are, you deserve to feel well. It’s never too late to make positive changes, take back control of your life, and be the best version of you that you can be.

Common Stressors of Older Adulthood

Globally, the age group of people 65 years and older is growing faster than all others.1 The number of people aged 80 years or over is projected to triple to 426 million in 2050. Fortunately, there’s also an increased focus on what treatment looks like for seniors. Whether you’ve struggled with the negative effects of substance use at other points in your life and are ready to find support now, or if you’re just starting to notice concerns, there are specialized rehab programs that can help.

Getting older comes with certain stressors that can have real impacts on your mental health:

Navigating Loss

As we advance in age, we inevitably experience loss in various areas of our lives. For some people, the emotional stress of these losses leads them to cope by using substances. For others, it can trigger relapse if they’ve struggled with addiction before.

Social work researchers Justine McGovern and Stephanie Sarabia point out how life changes like this can contribute to substance abuse among older adults.2 “Aging is accompanied by multiple losses: loss of work with retirement; family roles as parenting decreases and family hierarchies are upended; loss of spouse, family, and friends due to death; physical capacity; and independence with the onset of physical and cognitive limitations…These compounded losses can contribute to increased rates of depression and anxiety, which can exacerbate underlying mental health issues.”

Whether or not you have a diagnosable disorder, you may benefit from professional guidance as you navigate the transitions that happen later in life.

Physical Changes

People go through many different physical changes as they age, and these can all have significant effects on their quality of life. “Although often gradual, the aging process itself can produce changes that put older adults at risk for developing problem substance use,”3 say McGovern and Sarabia. “As the body ages, its capacity to process alcohol and other drugs becomes less efficient. Due to decreased lean muscle mass and a slower digestive system, substances remain in the body longer resulting in higher levels of intoxication.”

Interactions between prescription drugs, decreases in eyesight, and memory issues can all increase older people’s risk of substance misuse. Additionally, chronic illnesses can also increase pain and anxiety. Being able to physically access spaces—and participate in programs that are set up to accommodate physical disabilities and other needs—is especially crucial for those facing these challenges.

Emotional Changes

As we age, it’s also common to experience mental and emotional changes. Over time, elders may develop difficulties with problem-solving and spatial orientation. They might also notice feelings of depression related to having fewer social interactions, retiring from a meaningful career, or experiencing transitions in living situations. All of these can impact emotional well-being. This can also be exacerbated by sleep changes and insomnia, which can in turn increase substance use.4

Challenges related to physical, emotional, and psychological shifts, as well as potentially isolating life experiences, have very real impacts on older adults’ mental health. And this, of course, also affects patterns of substance use.

Substance Use Disorders Among Seniors

Substance use issues among seniors are widely underreported.5 That’s one reason why experts are calling for an increased focus on the needs of this age group in providing specialized, effective care.

Alcohol is the most common substance used in most countries worldwide. And according to the U.S. National Survey on Drug Use and Health, between 2015 and 2017, 14.9% of adults aged 65 years and older reported high-risk levels of drinking.6

Changes in medication over time, combined with the cognitive impacts of aging, can lead to an increased risk of accidentally using dangerous levels of opioids. Older adults had the highest mortality rates related to opioid use7 between 2006 and 2013. Also in 2017, 3% of Americans aged 50–64 years and 1.5% of those 65 years old and older reported that they had misused opioid medications in the past year.

Substance use affects seniors in specific ways. Physically, effects might include an increased risk of falls, headaches, and seizures, as well as memory loss and disorientation. Substance use can also affect mental processes, leading to sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression, and mood swings. Seniors might also experience social consequences of substance misuse, like increased family conflict and professional, financial, and legal difficulties.

It can be hard for elders to seek treatment for these specific reasons, and it can be a challenge to identify the real problem. That’s because, in many cases, substance abuse looks similar to symptoms of medical disorders that are common at an older age.8 Not everyone is at risk based on all of these factors, and your needs are unique based on what kinds of support work best for you. Luckily, rehabs offer specialized program options to help you harness your strengths and make the most of your treatment experience.

Specialized Programs May Better Address Your Needs

Research shows that intensive treatments and self-help groups geared toward the general population can be effective for older adults9 with more severe substance use issues. But because of the unique concerns described above, some people find it helpful to enroll in treatment specifically geared towards a more mature clientele. And some therapies are found to be especially effective for people of this age group:

Family Involvement

Many clients find family therapy to be a very meaningful part of their recovery journey. Because addiction affects all of our relationships, it can be highly beneficial to involve biological or chosen family members, partners, and other important loved ones in the healing process.

Hanley Center at Origins
Hanley Center at Origins in West Palm Beach, Florida has a robust program for older adults.

One rehab facility offering family-focused work is Hanley Center at Origins, located in West Palm Beach, Florida. “Quality care for the entire family must take each family’s specific challenges into account and offer a variety of age-specific solutions,” says the center’s clinical team. “These may include co-occurring mental health or medical challenges such as diabetes, cardiac issues, or cancers that are common with older adults.”

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

Acceptance and commitment therapy, also known as ACT, teaches clients to embrace their feelings instead of struggling against them. This may be especially useful for seniors struggling with substance abuse. ACT centers on mindfulness exercises, which help people to become more aware of their cravings, thought patterns, and feelings without judging themselves. This also encourages psychological flexibility. Committed action helps clients achieve their long-term goals by focusing on the values that will help them get better. ACT can also decrease the negative effects of chronic pain on mental health,10 says Julie Weatherell, a professor of Experimental Psychopathology at San Diego State University.

ACT’s focus on value-based living can be specifically beneficial for seniors.11 “Losing contact with one’s life values may occur following important significant life events such as retirement or new functional impairments that arise from a chronic illness,” say clinical psychologists Andrew Petkus, M.A. and Julie Wetherell, Ph.D. “[In ACT,] we address values earlier and to a greater extent than is usually done with younger people. We explicitly incorporate religion into discussions about values because this is a very important domain for many older people. We also talk about end-of-life issues in the context of values-driven behavior.”

Kolonial House in Sanur, Bali, Indonesia supports older adults and offers ACT as one of their treatment approaches.

Trauma-Informed Approaches

Trauma-informed care can be helpful in supporting elders who have experienced loss or other painful events during their lifetime and continue to feel the effects in their daily lives. In rehab, this also means taking a curious approach to understanding how addiction is related to a person’s emotional triggers and coping skills.

“Trauma-informed treatment really prepares individuals to live in recovery, which is good self-care. They also develop skills that will help them navigate in the world as they begin the process of healing from trauma, which might involve in-depth therapy and treatment to address their experiences.”

– Dr. Monika Kolodziej, Program Director of McLean Fernside
mclean fernside slide 2
A look inside McLean Fernside in Princeton, Massachusetts.

Nōmina Wellness in Courtenay, British Columbia provides eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and other treatments to help their senior clients manage symptoms while they develop adaptive skills to navigate traumas.

With so many options available, it’s important to keep in mind that deciding what aspects of care are important for you will be most helpful in choosing the right facility.

Continuing Care for Long-Term Success

Residential care can be life-changing, but it’s only the first step in the journey of recovery. You may have questions about what life will look like after inpatient treatment and how to set yourself up for success in the weeks and months after returning home. Most rehab centers offer aftercare programs to make sure that you’re supported in maintaining the positive changes you made. A good-quality continuing care program will also make sure you have adequate resources in place, as post-treatment challenges can and do arise. This can look like stepping down to an intensive outpatient program (IOP) or partial hospitalization program (PHP), or attending support groups with peers in recovery.

Because physical distance can create a barrier to accessing in-person therapy and group programs, some rehab centers also offer online aftercare services. Web-based programs can be especially useful for people with mobility concerns. They can also help you connect with and learn from people who aren’t necessarily located near you, but nonetheless offer valuable life perspectives. These remote programs are set up to be confidential, just like in-person therapy. And, if available, continuing to work with the same therapist after leaving rehab can create a smoother transition to the life you want to live.

It’s Never Too Late to Feel Well

Older adults may face some unique hurdles in the search for addiction and mental health treatment, but that doesn’t mean effective care isn’t available to you. You can receive support that’s in line with your wants, needs, and life experiences, several rehabs offer programs designed to provide exactly that.

To learn more about these programs, see our curated list of rehabs for older adults.

Frequently Asked Questions About Rehab Programs for Older Adults

Is rehab suitable for older adults?

Yes, rehab can be highly beneficial for older adults facing substance abuse or mental health concerns. Specialized rehab programs for older adults offer age-appropriate treatment, addressing their unique stressors and needs. These include navigating physical changes, such as managing prescription medication, alongside emotional changes, like navigating loss.

What types of rehab programs are available for older adults?

Rehab programs for older adults include inpatient or outpatient options, specialized programs with a focus on family involvement, trauma-informed care, tailored therapies, medical supervision, and more. An integrated program addresses the physical, mental, and social aspects of recovery.

What are the benefits of rehab for older adults?

Rehab for older adults provides a supportive and structured environment, specialized care for age-related concerns, medication management, social connection, and opportunities for building a sober support network.

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Healing Treatment-Resistant Depression With Psilocybin

Psilocybin is a chemical compound most often associated with “magic mushrooms.” Despite historical stigma, researchers have begun exploring its potential medical applications. This powerful medicine may be especially helpful for clients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD).

This can be an all-consuming diagnosis, and many clients struggle to find effective depression treatment. While some people benefit from tried-and-true medications, like SSRIs and mood stabilizers, these solutions don’t work for everyone. Fortunately, doctors and scientists are actively seeking new ways to treat these clients using experimental modalities. A few options, like ketamine therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS),1 are becoming increasingly popular. Psychedelics are also a promising option.

Psychedelic medicine is an increasingly popular treatment2 for a variety of mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety, and PTSD. And a growing body of research supports the theory that psilocybin can be extremely effective in treating TRD.

What Is Psilocybin?

Psilocybin3 is classified as a psychedelic. Substances of this kind “interact with the serotonin receptors (5-HT/5-hydroxytryptamine receptors) and their subtypes densely located within the brain. These receptors mediate emotions and moods such as anxiety and aggression, cognition, sex, learning memory, appetite along with other biological, neurological and neuropsychiatric processes.” The same receptors are also targeted by many pharmaceuticals, including antipsychotics and antidepressants.

Because of its effect on serotonin, scientists are researching psilocybin as a possible treatment for depression, anxiety,4 and a number of other mental health concerns. However, it faces a great deal of social stigma, since it can also be used recreationally. And any recreational substance can be misused. Despite this concern, psychedelics are comparatively safe;5 according to 2013 statistics, LSD and psilocybin combined “accounted for just 0.005 percent of US emergency room visits.”

Psilocybin has not always been legal in the U.S., even for purely scientific purposes. But this is starting to change. As we learn more about its medical applications, it will likely become more accessible to interested clients. As of December, 2021, it has been decriminalized in Denver, Oakland, Santa Cruz, and Detroit. California may soon take this a step further. Senate Bill 519, if passed, would decriminalize psilocybin,6 MDMA, and other psychedelics in the entire state.

Some experts believe this trend will continue. According to one article, despite once being “dismissed as the dangerous dalliances of the counterculture, these drugs are gaining mainstream acceptance. Several states and cities in the United States are in the process of legalizing or decriminalizing psilocybin for therapeutic or recreational purposes.”7

Psilocybin is not considered to be addictive.8 On the contrary, it may even help people recover from substance use disorders. If you think this treatment may be right for you, make sure to use it under medical supervision. Despite its apparent safety, any substance has the potential to be harmful, or to cause relapse.

The Experience of Psilocybin

The word “psychedelic,”3 first used in 1956, comes from the Greek roots “psyche (i.e., the mind or soul) and delos (i.e., to show).” This class of substances can cause visions that reveal a person’s deepest emotional experiences. Using them offers many clients valuable insight into their own mental health.

When taken in larger doses, psilocybin induces a psychedelic “trip,” in which users spend several hours going through an emotional or even spiritual journey. It’s important to undertake this type of experience in a safe and welcoming environment. Research suggests that psilocybin may be especially effective in a natural setting,9 where clients can spend time communing with the great outdoors.

It’s also possible to take psilocybin in smaller amounts, or microdoses. Research has “identified positive associations between microdosing and mental health,10 and…associations between microdosing and reduced severity of symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress among adults with reported mental health concerns.” These experiences can be more accessible, because they are shorter and/or less intense than larger doses. This is a good option for clients who want to improve their mental well-being, but don’t have the emotional capacity to spend several hours experiencing visions.

Mental Health Benefits of Psilocybin

Psychedelics in general, and psilocybin in particular, have a number of known mental health benefits. In one study, “the people who received psilocybin reported significantly more improvements in their general feelings and behavior11 than did the members of the control group. The findings were repeated in another follow-up survey, taken 14 months after the experiment.”

Specifically, research suggests that this medicine may alleviate symptoms of depression,12 suicidality, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, and several types of substance misuse. Subjects have shown “increased ratings of positive attitudes, mood, social effects, and behavior,” even up to 14 months after receiving psilocybin.

For clients with treatment-resistant depression, this is a comparatively safe and low-impact treatment, especially because the controlled use of psilocybin can have such long-term effects. Unlike most medications—like SSRIs—it doesn’t need to be taken daily in order to be effective. This may also make it more accessible to clients who can’t easily afford a regular prescription.

What’s more, psilocybin may be just as effective as these more common treatments. More and more research supports this idea. One study “suggested that psilocybin might work as well as the common antidepressant13 escitalopram (Lexapro) at relieving moderate to severe depression.” Another found that microdoses of psilocybin may cause long-term changes to brain activity,14 causing “increased responses in reward-learning, attention, and decision-making circuits.”

Clients with TRD may also see benefits from this treatment that go beyond relieving their symptoms. For example, experts believe that psilocybin “increases cognitive and neural flexibility in patients with major depressive disorder.”15

Although the data is extremely promising, it’s important to remember that this is a relatively new field of study. Psilocybin is considered to be one of the safer substances available, but it is not entirely without risk.

Potential Risks of Psilocybin

This treatment has some well-known side effects. “About 90% of patients” in one clinical trial “experienced mild to moderate side effects from the psilocybin,16 including nausea, insomnia, fatigue and headache. These symptoms dissipated quickly.” It is most strongly associated with brief gastrointestinal issues. Clients usually experience these symptoms shortly after ingesting psilocybin, and find relief long before the substance wears off.

For certain clients, however, the treatment may cause more dangerous adverse effects. Because psilocybin raises blood pressure,17 “people with uncontrolled hypertension are advised to abstain.” Make sure you talk to your doctor before seeking this treatment, especially if you have a personal or family history of heart problems.

The associated psychological risks may be an even greater concern, especially for clients with certain mental health diagnoses. For example, those with “psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia (or a strong predisposition for them) are generally advised against taking the hallucinogen,” as it may have unpredictable effects, and can even worsen their condition.

And although psilocybin can be extremely helpful for treatment-resistant depression, it is absolutely imperative that these clients use it under medical supervision. This is because, in the wrong dosage, it may cause suicidality. In one clinical trial,13 some participants with TRD “experienced a ‘serious adverse event,’ such as suicidal behavior, intentional self-injury or suicidal ideation.” This may have been due to an incorrect dosage or inadequate medical supervision, either during or after the experience. Whatever the reason, this data illustrates that there is still much to learn about this treatment. If you decide to try it, a private rehab center that offers psilocybin treatment will ensure you do so under the supervision of an experienced clinical team and a clear plan for aftercare.

Unlike most, or possibly all, other pharmaceutical treatments, psychedelics are strongly influenced by the client’s intention. “Positive expectancy”18—or, the expectation that the treatment will help—has been shown to have an impact on psilocybin’s effectiveness. If you go into an experience with acute anxiety, trepidation, or a belief that it will go poorly, you’ll probably be proven right. On the other hand, if you’re in a positive or hopeful state, you may experience much greater benefits. It’s important to plan these experiences carefully, but also stay mindful of your own feelings in the moment as you approach treatment. If you’ve planned extremely well, and then you feel poorly when the day arrives, it’s best to postpone if at all possible.

Is Psilocybin Right for You?

Psilocybin, even more than other treatments, is an extremely personal experience. Not everyone is emotionally prepared to dive that deeply into their own subconscious. And even if it feels right for you, it may not be appropriate on any given day. The act of planning this treatment can be a powerful exercise in mindfulness, even before the substance is administered.

Under the right circumstances, though, clients find psilocybin to be immensely positive. And as we amass more data, doctors will likely find ways to make it even safer. If you decide to try this treatment, understand that there is still much to learn. In this early stage of research, it should absolutely not be your only form of treatment for any diagnosis. But with the right setting, dosage, and therapeutic team, it may be extremely helpful.

Discover Rehabs That Treat Depression

Latest studies show that psilocybin is a promising treatment for depression, however this form of therapy isn’t widely available yet. At the same time, there are several other forms of therapies and treatment programs for depression out there. To learn more about your options, browse our collection of rehabs that specialize in depression treatment.

Frequently Asked Questions About Treating Depression With Psilocybin

What is psilocybin and how does it work in depression treatment?

Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic compound found in certain mushrooms. It interacts with serotonin receptors and their subtypes in the brain, leading to altered states of consciousness. Because of its impact on serotonin, it has potential therapeutic effects in depression and anxiety treatment.

What are the potential benefits of psilocybin in treating depression?

Psilocybin-assisted therapy has shown promise in improving mood, reducing depressive symptoms, increasing emotional openness, and promoting long-term positive changes in individuals with treatment-resistant depression.

Is psilocybin treatment for depression safe and legal?

Psilocybin is a Schedule I controlled substance in many countries, but it is being researched for therapeutic purposes. Psilocybin-assisted therapy is conducted in a controlled and supervised setting to ensure safety. Ongoing studies aim to assess its efficacy and safety profiles.

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Mindfulness as a Tool for Recovery From Substance Use Disorders

Mindfulness is more than a buzzword. It’s also a powerful way to approach both physical and mental health. This collection of techniques can help ground you in the present moment, gently navigating even the most difficult thoughts and feelings. Because of its holistic nature, many clients choose to approach recovery using mindfulness practices.

Although it’s become quite popular in the past few years, mindfulness is an ancient practice. With roots in both spirituality and medicine, it may be helpful for those with a wide variety of interests. It is both versatile and deeply personal to each client. Perhaps because of this flexibility, more and more healthcare providers are finding ways to integrate mindfulness into rehab programs around the world.

What Is Mindfulness?

According to experts, “mindfulness1 means maintaining a moment-by-moment awareness of our thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations, and surrounding environment, through a gentle, nurturing lens.” Clients learn to accept their internal emotional experiences, as well as their external circumstances, without judgment. By focusing on the present moment, you can avoid getting overwhelmed by painful memories or anxiety about the future.

This philosophy has a long and storied history, originating in Buddhism2 and Hinduism. Some experts believe that mindfulness also has roots in Islam, Judaism, and Christianity.3 Wherever these practices began, we can be sure that it was popularized in part “through the work of Jon Kabat-Zinn and his Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program, which he launched at the University of Massachusetts Medical School in 1979.”

Since that time, western medicine has used the principles of mindfulness to treat a wide variety of conditions, from chronic pain to PTSD. While these techniques depend on focus and awareness, that’s only the beginning. Igor Grossman, professor of social psychology at the University of Waterloo, explains that “scientific understanding of mindfulness4 goes beyond mere stress-relief and requires a willingness to engage with stressors…It is, in fact, the engagement with stressors that ultimately results in stress relief. More specifically, mindfulness includes two main dimensions: awareness and acceptance.”

Mindfulness means different things for different people. And it can be applied in various ways to achieve certain goals. For example, the techniques that help reduce acute cravings might not be effective in managing generalized anxiety. It’s also important to note that some of these practices are inappropriate for certain clients, and may even be detrimental. Make sure you speak with your providers before delving too deeply into any one of these strategies.

Mindfulness Techniques

Many people—whether or not they are in recovery—strive to become more mindful during daily life. This is a laudable goal, but it’s not as easy as it sounds. You may get better results from focusing on a regular practice that helps you hone your skills. Over time, you can start learning to apply those skills in other situations. When you’re just starting to practice mindfulness, there are many different techniques to choose from.

Meditation

There are countless ways to meditate. You might use an app, listen to guided meditations, watch videos, or simply learn to sit in silence. With some experimentation, you may find that some of these strategies are a better fit for you than others. Remember that meditation is itself a tool. There is no wrong way to go about it, as long as you stay focused on the process.

Siam Rehab mindfulness
Residents at Siam Rehab in Chiang Rai, Thailand, are taught mindfulness techniques daily.

According to a therapist at Siam Rehab, everyone in recovery from substance use disorders “strives for inner peace. There are many ways to inner peace, but one thing that helps is meditation. We teach it every day.” This practice has the greatest benefits when performed daily. One study found that after 8 weeks of daily meditation,5 subjects exhibited “decreased negative mood states including decreases in mood disturbance, anxiety, and fatigue scores,” as well as enhanced attention and memory. These findings were not apparent in subjects who meditated daily for only 4 weeks.

This practice may also have powerful long-term health benefits. Preliminary research suggests that meditation may slow the brain’s aging process,6 simultaneously improving attention, memory, executive function, and even creativity. Some studies have also found that meditation can significantly reduce chronic pain.7 This may be especially helpful for clients in recovery from opioid misuse. Learning how to simply be present in each moment may help you make peace with even the most overwhelming emotions.

Mindful Breathing

Meditation isn’t appropriate for everyone. Some clients may have physical or mental health concerns that make it difficult for them to sit in silence. But everyone breathes. By simply focusing on your breath, even without changing its rhythm, you can ground yourself in your present physical experience.

If you’d like to deepen your relationship with your breath, there are countless styles of mindful breathing. Make sure to talk to your therapist before choosing a particular technique, as some of these may have unforeseen effects. When performed appropriately, these breathing practices can hugely benefit emotion regulation.8

Body Awareness

Centering yourself in your body can be extremely grounding. There are many ways to accomplish this. When you’re new to meditation, you might learn how to do a simple body scan,9 in which you bring your awareness to each part of your body, accepting how you feel in the moment. Some versions of this practice then ask you to release any unnecessary tension. As you relax, you may find that you also gain a greater awareness of your emotional state.

Some clients may prefer to engage in mindful movement, rather than sitting still. This could be as simple as doing a single stretch, or going for a mindful walk. During that practice, you might focus on the five senses: the sensation of your feet on the ground, the color of the leaves, the sounds coming from nearby or far away, and so on.

Yoga

Yoga is an ancient practice, designed to promote both physical and mental health. Preliminary research suggests that this type of movement may have specific benefits for people in recovery from substance misuse. This is especially true for clients who are healing from the use of alcohol or opiates, and those at risk of relapse.

According to experts, “The practice of yoga may be especially effective in the management of chronic pain for individuals who abuse alcohol or opiates10 because it focuses on psychological and physical characteristics.” This holistic approach can be helpful during any stage of recovery. If you’re able to begin doing yoga during rehab, you may be better equipped to withstand cravings after you complete inpatient treatment.

Oro House Recovery yoga outdoors
Yoga and other mindfulness therapies are integral parts of the addiction treatment program at Oro House Recovery in Malibu, California.

Because yoga approaches the mind and body holistically, it may help you begin to make peace with your own emotional experience. One study on the effectiveness of yoga in addiction treatment11 found that “the skills, insights, and self-awareness learned through yoga and mindfulness practice can target multiple psychological, neural, physiological, and behavioral processes.” By making these broad behavioral changes, you can develop the skills you’ll need to navigate life after rehab.

Benefits and Limitations of Mindfulness

Data shows that “mindfulness-based interventions12 are effective for treatment of both psychological and physical symptoms.” Specifically, mindfulness techniques have been shown to reduce stress.12 And since stress is linked to addiction,13 this “may prove beneficial in reducing cravings and promoting abstinence” during recovery from substance use disorders.

In addition to their holistic effects, these practices can significantly improve the symptoms of several different mental health concerns. “Structural and functional brain changes have been demonstrated in the brains of people with a long-term traditional meditation practice.”14 Due to these changes, clients experienced relief from anxiety, depression, and physical pain.

However, it’s important to note that general mindfulness may not be appropriate for all clients. Specifically, some meditation techniques may be triggering,15 to clients with PTSD. According to Dr. Willoughby Britton, associate professor at Brown University, “meditation can lead people to some dark places, triggering trauma or leaving people feeling disoriented.” Because of this, it’s very important to work closely with your therapist when you first begin these practices.

The Effect of Mindfulness on Recovery

Research suggests that these practices can be especially helpful for people in recovery from substance use disorders. In fact, meditation may be even more effective than other interventions at preventing relapse.16 They have noticeable neurological effects, and “may increase functional connectivity” between the areas of the brain that are involved in cravings and substance use. Ultimately, mindfulness17 has been shown to make substance misuse less reflexive, giving clients more control over their own behavior.

While the effects are more pronounced after long-term use, mindful meditation can be beneficial even after “a brief single training session,” finds a study on mindfulness for recovery from opioid addiction.18 People in recovery find that mindfulness benefits their psychological health:19 they experience a greater sense of well-being, decreased emotional reactivity, and greater equanimity when they engage in these techniques. With this sense of calm, it becomes far easier to make long-lasting changes.

Some rehab facilities have a specific focus on mindfulness as a tool for behavioral health. At Flatirons Recovery, for example, practitioners believe that the greater awareness of oneself and habitual patterns gained from mindfulness can empower clients in recovery to make sustainable changes.

Flatirons Recovery
Flatirons Recovery offers mindfulness-based addiction treatment among a serene setting in Lafayette, Colorado.

Making Meaning With Mindfulness

During recovery, part of the work is to imagine and then create a life you find meaningful. By incorporating mindfulness into your daily practice, you may become increasingly aware of your own emotional reactions to the world around you. Gently accepting these feelings can help you get in touch with your deepest needs, empowering you to make important changes.

These strategies can not only help during recovery; they may also improve your life in the long term. Even after you complete rehab, you continue implementing healthy habits to manage ongoing stress and avoid relapse.

Although mindfulness can be extremely beneficial, it’s important to proceed with caution. These techniques aren’t right for every client, and they won’t be appropriate for every situation you encounter. Make sure to engage in meditation, yoga, and similar work under the guidance of a therapist.

You can learn more about programs that incorporate this practice into recovery by browsing our list of rehabs offering mindfulness here.

Frequently Asked Questions About Mindfulness for Addiction Recovery

How does mindfulness help in addiction recovery?

Mindfulness promotes self-awareness, reduces cravings, promotes calm, and cultivates coping skills, enhancing the recovery process.

What are the techniques and practices of mindfulness in addiction recovery?

Mindfulness techniques include meditation, breathing exercises, body scans, yoga, and mindful awareness of thoughts and emotions.

Can mindfulness be combined with other addiction treatment approaches?

Yes, mindfulness can complement other treatment modalities, such as therapy, support groups, and holistic therapies, for a comprehensive recovery approach.

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Attending Rehab for Work-Related Burnout

Burnout can affect anyone. Even if you love your work, it’s possible to get overwhelmed. And ignoring your exhaustion may just exacerbate your symptoms. If you feel yourself hitting a wall, it’s important to remember that you’re not alone. This experience is widespread enough that there are many rehab programs designed to treat work-related burnout.

This condition isn’t permanent—or at least, it doesn’t have to be. Although burnout is a collection of mental health symptoms, it is not a long-term diagnosis, like depression or anxiety. Instead, it is the result of external circumstances, combined with unsustainable work habits. It is highly treatable, but it should not be ignored.

Understanding Job Burnout

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), “Burn-out is a syndrome conceptualized as resulting from chronic workplace stress1 that has not been successfully managed.” It is characterized by exhaustion, increased cynicism or mental distance from one’s job, and a sense of ineffectiveness or lack of accomplishment. These symptoms must specifically occur in the context of work, and not describe other areas of the client’s life.

Unfortunately, this condition is on the rise. In one study, 52% of respondents reported experiencing burnout2 in 2021, up from only 43% in 2020. This may be partly due to the stress of current events, although more research is needed. Whatever the root cause, it’s clear that high levels of stress have become pervasive in the culture of the workplace.

Even if you’re not personally going through burnout, the numbers indicate that most people work with those who are. By compensating for your colleagues’ exhaustion, you may be at risk of developing the same condition. This is especially important because of the social aspects of burnout.3 The three primary symptoms of this condition, as described above, place “the individual stress experience within a social context,” which may cause it to negatively impact your relationships.

Experts have identified 6 key domains of a person’s life that are related to burnout. Stress within these areas may represent a risk factor for developing symptoms.

Workload

“Overwork is a main cause of burnout.”4 If you can’t take time off, you may experience both mental and physical symptoms of exhaustion. These can include anxiety, a lack of focus, loss of sleep, and even physical pain. Insufficient rest can also increase levels of cortisol,5 the stress hormone, which may lead to additional health issues.

When you have too much to do, it can become difficult to prioritize and deprioritize various tasks. You might spend hours color-coding a spreadsheet, but be too tired to brush your teeth. This type of inattention can cause additional problems at work, if you simply don’t have the time or energy to complete important projects. Over time, these behavioral patterns can increase your workload even further, causing you to spiral into a state of exhaustion.

Control

Healthcare professionals often assess burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, a tool that asks clients to rate their emotional experience of exhaustion, cynicism, and similar criteria. Christina Maslach, creator of this scale, explains that “control problems occur when workers have insufficient authority6 over their work or are unable to shape the work environment to be consistent with their values. A sense of efficacy is unlikely to occur when workers are feeling buffeted by circumstances or powerful people within the organization.”

At first glance, it may seem that this lack of control mostly affects employees, rather than high-level executives. But this dynamic is more complex than it appears. Workers at every level have a responsibility to various people, whether those people are employers, employees, shareholders, or clientele. No matter your position, certain circumstances may make you feel like your needs are less important than the company’s. If you find that you have irreconcilable differences, it may sound appealing to simply change jobs. If you’re in a position of power, however, it’s not always that simple.

the dawn rehab burnout treatment
The Dawn Rehab in Chiang Mai, Thailand treats burnout using a combination of evidence-based cognitive behavioural therapies and Eastern holistic wellness practices.

Reward

In the context of work, the idea of reward is often linked to income. If you’re making less than you’re worth, you may be at a greater risk for burnout. But that’s just one aspect of this issue.

It’s also possible for your work to be unrewarding in and of itself. Almost no amount of money can make up for a boss who constantly berates you. And that lack of recognition can go in both directions. Many top executives spend more time-solving problems than they do receiving praise. Even if this pattern is good for the company, it can wreak havoc on your mental health.

Community

Community is an extremely important part of individual mental health.7 According to one expert, groups that “provide individuals with a sense of meaning, purpose, and belonging…have positive psychological consequences.” Without a strong workplace community, you may be at a greater risk for burnout.

When an unsupportive culture is combined with an above-average workload, you may struggle to maintain meaningful relationships. If you don’t have time to socialize outside of work, you’ll depend on your colleagues for emotional connectivity. This pattern is unsustainable at best, and can be extremely harmful. If this is a primary contributor to your experience of burnout, you may want to consider a rehab program that can help you learn to build community.

Fairness

Even as children, human beings have an innate sense of fairness.8 In adults, of course, this matures into a more complex understanding of equality. At any age, we long to be treated well, receiving the compensation and recognition we feel we’ve earned.

Our perceived sense of fairness impacts our productivity,9 and perceived injustice can lead to burnout. Research suggests that when workers feel they are being treated unfairly, they are likely to take more sick time. This is often caused by objectively unfair treatment, such as racism or sexism. However, the perception of unfairness is equally important. If you believe that you’ve been unfairly passed over for a promotion—even if your employer has good reasons for choosing someone else—you may become more cynical about your work.

Values

When a worker’s values and goals don’t align with those of the company, it “may result in lower job satisfaction4 and negatively impact mental health,” writes Jennifer Moss, author of The Burnout Epidemic: The Rise of Chronic Stress and How We Can Fix It. This misalignment can sometimes be avoided through clear communication, especially at the time a person is hired. However, that’s not always possible. Both people and companies change over time. If you’re with a company long enough to go through major life transitions—such as getting married or becoming a parent—your needs may shift significantly.

In order to find a workplace that shares your priorities, you must first be able to articulate what you value. There’s no right or wrong answer to this question, but it’s important to be ruthlessly honest with yourself. For example, imagine you’re a person who highly values creative expression, and you’re working at a company focused on robust scientific research. While both of these are laudable pursuits, you might not be happy sitting at a desk and crunching numbers. No one is at fault. But it’s your responsibility to define your needs and look for ways to meet them.

Signs and Symptoms of Burnout

When your needs aren’t being met, you’re at a high risk of burning out. And if you’re used to prioritizing others’ needs over your own, it can be hard to notice this before it becomes a problem. Unfortunately, it’s quite common for people to ignore their exhaustion until it becomes unmanageable.

According to experts at The Dawn Rehab in Chiang Mai, Thailand, you can recognize burnout by watching for the following symptoms:

  • Mental and physical exhaustion
  • Pessimism
  • Loss of interest in your job
  • Interpersonal issues in the office
  • Relationship and intimacy issues
  • Irrational irritability
  • Decreased productivity

Many workers—and especially high achievers—feel the pressure to just power through these symptoms, no matter how debilitating they may be. As tempting as it is, that strategy just isn’t effective. Even if the only goal is to do your job well, remember that you will be more effective at work if you take care of your mental health first. And what’s more, you deserve the same care and attention that you offer your colleagues and your clients.

all points north lodge burnout treatment
All Points North Lodge in Vail Valley, Colorado uses cutting-edge therapeutic technologies like hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) and deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) to treat burnout and other mental health conditions.

Attending Rehab for Burnout

Rehab isn’t just for substance use disorders. Many programs are specifically tailored to help clients heal from job burnout. In this type of treatment, you can expect to balance your time between relaxation and more traditional therapies.

Inpatient treatment isn’t a vacation. However, treating burnout is calming and rejuvenating. During this time, you’ll take a break from work, reassess your priorities, and develop more sustainable habits to use in the future. Your program may include a number of different components.

Talk Therapy

Talk therapy helps clients reconnect with themselves. You’ll work with a provider to define your personal values and find ways to honor them in your daily life. You may also work through cynicism or resentment, and develop skills to avoid unhealthy behavioral patterns.

As you get to know yourself again, you may also learn to differentiate between regular stress and the warning signs of burnout. If your work gets out of hand in the future, this knowledge can help you recognize warning signs as early as possible.

Mindfulness

Meditation, yoga, and other mindfulness practices help you stay in the present moment. With these skills, clients are better equipped to regulate their emotions. While stress is sometimes unavoidable, you can gain some amount of control over your own response to it.

Massage Therapy

Massage isn’t just rejuvenating; it can also help strengthen the connection between body and mind. By relieving physical tension, clients may also learn to let go of emotional stress. Different types of massage therapy may be more focused on relaxation or on relieving specific areas of pain. Either way, clients often find that this modality helps them work through both physical and emotional symptoms.

Therapeutic Technologies

Some facilities offer access to cutting-edge technologies known to relieve symptoms of burnout and exhaustion. At All Points North Lodge, for example, you may engage in hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), which is known to alleviate anxiety, depression, and a host of physical conditions. Your team of experts will help you decide whether this treatment is appropriate, given your unique health needs.

Personalized Recovery From Job Burnout

Burnout may cause you to feel emotionally disconnected, both from those around you and from your own needs. Because of this, treatment is often personalized for each specific client.

By choosing between a variety of therapies, you can reconnect with your own most deeply held needs, goals, and values. At its best, this process is both therapeutic and enjoyable. This is your opportunity to decide what it means for you, specifically, to live a healthy life.

To learn more, browse our list of rehab programs that treat work-related burnout.

Frequently Asked Questions About Rehab for Job Burnout

What are the signs of burnout?

Signs of burnout are often physical, behavioral, and emotional:

• Mental and physical exhaustion
• Decreased productivity 
• Irritability
• Loss of interest in your job
• Interpersonal issues at work 
• Relationship and intimacy issues

Can you go to rehab for burnout?

Yes, you can go to rehab for burnout. Treatment programs for workplace burnout often combine conventional therapies, like talk therapy, with relaxation techniques.

How do you treat burnout?

The first step is to pause work as you reassess priorities and develop more sustainable habits. Burnout treatment at rehab often includes talk therapy, mindfulness, therapeutic technologies, massage, and more.

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Finding Treatment for Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a serious diagnosis. Without proper treatment, it can be extremely destabilizing—both for the person who has the condition, and for those around them. If you have this diagnosis, it’s vital to get the care you need. For some clients, inpatient rehab is a helpful place to start.

About 2.8% of the population has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder1 (once called manic-depressive disorder). And 83% of those cases are classified as severe. However, these numbers do not account for cases that go undiagnosed. It’s also frequently misdiagnosed as schizophrenia or borderline personality disorder (BPD). Without a proper understanding of your condition, it’s unlikely for clients to get appropriate treatment for their mental health.

If you think this diagnosis may fit your experience, it’s important to learn more about it. Make sure you talk to a mental health professional before you pursue a particular plan of care.

Understanding Bipolar Disorder

This condition is characterized by “intense emotional states that typically occur during distinct periods of days to weeks, called mood episodes,”2 according to the American Psychiatric Association. “These mood episodes are categorized as manic/hypomanic (abnormally happy or irritable mood) or depressive (sad mood). People with bipolar disorder generally have periods of neutral mood as well.”

While its exact etiology is unknown, experts believe this condition can be caused by a combination of factors. You may have a genetic predisposition to bipolar disorder,3 even if previous generations of your family were never diagnosed. It may also be related to a neurochemical imbalance. Some experts believe it can be caused or exacerbated by adverse life experiences.

The term “bipolar” may lead casual observers to believe that the associated mood swings are simple. That’s far from the truth. Mania4 isn’t just happiness; it can include sleeplessness, anxiety, irritability, and disproportionate anger. It can also cause impulsivity, which may lead to excessive spending, promiscuity, or substance misuse. Similarly, depressive episodes aren’t simply bouts of sadness. Symptoms mimic those of major depression, and may include fatigue, oversleeping, trouble concentrating, over- or undereating, and suicidal ideation, in addition to sadness.

Clients with bipolar disorder are also prone to a third emotional state, called hypomania. Hypomania is often characterized as a less severe version of classic mania. Clients still present with energy, impulsivity, and other signs of mania; however, their symptoms are less overwhelming. And unlike mania, “hypomania5 does not cause a major deficit in social or occupational functioning.” By definition, it lasts for at least four days, whereas mania lasts for at least a week.

Based on the frequency and severity of the client’s mania, hypomania, and depression, bipolar disorder may be classified in one of three ways.

Bipolar Disorder I

According to experts at Creative Care Calabasas, “bipolar I is the most severe form of the mental health condition.” To qualify for this diagnosis, clients must experience mania for at least one week. Their behavior “must represent a change from the person’s usual behavior and be clear to friends and family. Symptoms must be severe enough to cause dysfunction in work, family, or social activities and responsibilities.” Clients with this type of bipolar disorder also experience depressive episodes that may last for weeks at a time. In severe cases, hospitalization can be necessary.

Bipolar Disorder II

Bipolar II is more often associated with depressive episodes. Clients with this condition experience similar swings, but their mania is both less severe and less frequent. Some experience depressive episodes interspersed with hypomanic episodes, without ever showing symptoms of mania.

Cyclothymic Disorder

Clients with cyclothymic disorder also cycle between depression and hypomania. This condition includes less severe symptoms than other forms of bipolar. It can also take much longer to get an accurate diagnosis. Clients must experience mood swings for at least two years, without ever meeting the exact criteria for bipolar I or bipolar II.

Living With Bipolar Disorder

It’s important to remember that bipolar disorder is a medical diagnosis, and not a reflection of a person’s character. Like any other diagnosis—from diabetes to depression—it can have a huge impact on the rest of your life. Conversely, the events of your life may make your symptoms more or less severe. Clients may have difficulty navigating regular activities as a result of this condition.

Important Life Events

Trauma is linked to the development of many psychiatric conditions, including depression, anxiety, and a number of mood disorders. Bipolar is no exception. Experts agree that “​​childhood trauma6 in all its subcomponents appears to be highly associated” with this condition.

And after developing bipolar disorder, various life events may bring on severe mood swings. Both traumatic events and extremely positive experiences may be risk factors.7 Research has found that “bipolar patients are highly sensitive to reward, and excessive goal pursuit after goal-attainment events may be one pathway to mania. Negative life events predict depressive symptoms, as do levels of familial expressed emotion.”

Career

When even positive events can trigger your symptoms, it may be difficult to maintain an upward trajectory. For that reason, bipolar disorder interferes with some clients’ ability to work.

One study found that “Occupational disability is one of the most problematic impairments for individuals with bipolar disorder due to high rates of unemployment and work impairments. Current evidence indicates that social stressors at work8—such as social isolation, conflict with others, and stigmas—are common experiences for employed individuals with bipolar disorder.”

These social stressors can make or break a clients’ success in the workplace. And for people with bipolar, even more than for other clients, social support is hugely impactful throughout the healing process.

Community Building

Strong relationships are uniquely important for people with this condition. Data suggests that social support9 may be directly linked to the severity and frequency of clients’ symptoms.

Some rehab programs have a unique focus on the social aspect of healing. Gould Farm, for instance, is a therapeutic community that treats clients with bipolar disorder. Residents receive clinical care from a team of healthcare providers, and also participate in community efforts. This treatment model is designed to help clients “learn new skills, and others re-discover their strengths, building confidence and self-esteem.”

According to experts, “empathy and understanding from another person can make it easier to cope with bipolar disorder.10 Social interaction can also provide opportunities to challenge negative ruminative thoughts and prevent the onset of a major mood episode.” A loss of social support, on the other hand, can trigger either mania or depression.

When your diagnosis has such a great impact on so many aspects of life, it can be hard to disentangle your symptoms from your healthy emotional reactions. And remember, not all healthy reactions are positive. For example, it’s perfectly healthy to experience anxiety if you have to switch jobs. Clients with bipolar disorder may struggle to stay present with that anxiety, instead of tipping into a manic episode. This difficulty can lead to unhealthy coping mechanisms, such as substance misuse.

Bipolar and Substance Use Disorders

There is a high prevalence of substance use disorders among people with bipolar disorder.11 This may be an attempt to self-medicate by regulating unstable moods, and/or response to symptomatic impulsivity.12

Also, experts believe there may be “a shared neurobiology between bipolar disorder and addictions.”13 If this is true, it would mean that people with a diagnosis of bipolar are neurologically predisposed to substance use disorders. Much more research is needed on this subject, however.

Because bipolar disorder may be related to neurochemical imbalances,14 substance use of any kind may have a direct impact on your symptoms. That’s true of both substance misuse and appropriate use of prescription medications. For this reason, it’s absolutely vital for clients to receive care from clinicians who have experience with this diagnosis.

If you have both bipolar disorder and a substance use disorder, you may benefit from rehab for co-occurring disorders. These programs address each client as a whole person, rather than treating each symptom individually. And, they may have a higher success rate. According to the experts at Skyland Trail, “research indicates that people who address multiple psychiatric diagnoses simultaneously experience better long-term outcomes than those who try to address each diagnosis separately.”

Healing From Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a chronic condition. Once you receive this diagnosis, it will probably continue to apply for the rest of your life. That being said, bipolar can absolutely go into remission, and some clients go for long periods of time between manic, hypomanic, or depressive episodes. With appropriate care and management, you can significantly improve your quality of life.

While there are a number of ways to treat bipolar disorder, most clients benefit from a combination of therapy and medication.15 During treatment, you’ll work closely with your providers to decide which options are best for you. Certain modalities have been found to be extremely effective.

Psychotherapy

Talk therapy is a powerful way to begin healing from almost any mental health diagnosis. With this approach, you’ll develop a one-on-one relationship with a provider. Therapy sessions will take place more often during inpatient treatment—sometimes even daily. Outside of rehab, it’s quite common for clients to meet with their therapists once a week. However, your specific clinician may suggest you see each other either more or less often.

This modality allows clients to work through difficult feelings in a safe context. Therapy can work as a release valve, in which you can express extreme feelings without jeopardizing other relationships. It’s your therapist’s job to hold space for you, no matter what you think or how you feel. You can safely and ethically set aside any concern that they’ll judge you negatively for having mood swings.

Research has demonstrated that therapy is extremely important for people with this condition. Experts write that “psychotherapy, when added to medication for the treatment of bipolar disorder, consistently shows advantages over medication alone as a treatment for bipolar disorder.16 There are many different types of psychotherapy. If you attend an inpatient program, the team at your facility will help you choose which modality best suits your needs.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) teaches clients how to change their own thought patterns using practical, repeatable strategies. For example, you might learn to recognize when your own thoughts are distorted or divorced from reality. In those moments, CBT skills can help you ground yourself in the present moment, and respond from a calmer place.

Data suggests that this type of therapy is especially helpful for clients with certain conditions. Specifically, it “has a positive impact on patients with bipolar disorder17 in terms of reducing depression levels, improving mania severity, decreasing relapse rates and increasing psychosocial functioning.”

Psychiatry and Medication

Medication can be hugely beneficial for people with this diagnosis. Specifically, psychiatrists often prescribe lithium, lamotrigine, or antidepressants such as Prozac. Because bipolar disorder is thought to be a neurochemical imbalance, these treatments may be necessary even if talk therapy proves helpful.

However, it’s also important to consider the relationship between bipolar and substance use disorders. Even with a prescription in hand, some clients may be tempted to fall back into unhealthy patterns. In order to avoid this, it’s absolutely vital that you stay in close communication with your mental health team about your medication use. For some clients, having access to a prescription of any kind may be a trigger. If that’s the case for you, be sure to ask your therapist about substance-free alternatives.

Finding Balance With Bipolar Disorder

With extreme emotions, introspection can be difficult. Some clients with bipolar disorder struggle to find clarity, or even to ask for help. If these symptoms resonate with your experience, know that you have the right to reach out. It’s important to get the care you need.

Because bipolar disorder touches on so many aspects of life, it can be difficult to imagine what healing would look like. Remember that, no matter how severe your symptoms may be, no emotion lasts forever. You can and will feel differently. And, with the right support, you can even feel consistently better. It is absolutely possible for clients with bipolar to live rich and meaningful lives.

To learn more about inpatient treatment for this condition, you can browse our list of rehabs specializing in bipolar disorder.

Frequently Asked Questions About Rehab for Bipolar Disorder

What are the common treatment options for bipolar disorder?

Treatment for bipolar disorder often includes a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and lifestyle adjustments. Medications like mood stabilizers are commonly prescribed, and therapies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and family therapy help with managing symptoms and improving overall well-being. Some people start treatment at an inpatient rehab.

How long does rehab for bipolar disorder typically last?

The duration of treatment for bipolar disorder varies depending on individual needs and response to interventions. It typically involves long-term management to stabilize mood and prevent relapse. Treatment may span several months to years, with regular follow-up appointments and adjustments to the treatment plan as necessary.

Can therapy alone be effective in treating bipolar disorder?

While therapy alone may not be sufficient for managing bipolar disorder, it plays a crucial role in the overall treatment plan. Therapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, helps individuals develop coping skills, improve self-awareness, and enhance relationships. Combined with medication and other interventions, therapy contributes to a comprehensive approach for bipolar disorder treatment.

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Rehabs in Greece: A Culture of Whole-Person Healing

Rehab provides the opportunity for mental, emotional, spiritual, and physical healing. Talk therapy and medical care are certainly essential to the treatment process. But sometimes a change in environment can be helpful, too. A new atmosphere full of fresh sights, sounds, and feelings can shift your perspective to inspire your recovery journey.

For many people, rehabs in Greece offer the chance for personal rebirth and renewal.
This island country is rich in history. Emerald waters, charming neighborhoods, and ancient citadels make Greece a sought-after Mediterranean escape. And in addition to its awe-inspiring sights, Greece offers an abundance of activities that rehabs here take full advantage of. Greek rehabs’ approach to holistic health, emphasis on community connection, and experience with celebrity clientele make this destination a viable option for people who are seeking all-around wellness, or who need an escape from the public eye.

Renew and Refresh in Greece

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Greece has some of the world’s most picturesque coastlines.

Greece is made up of hundreds of islands dotted throughout the Aegean, Mediterranean, and Ionian Seas. Each is scattered with ruins that reveal a storied past, surrounded by vivid blue waters. Many rehabs here make the most of their location and take clients on beach excursions. Some facilities even directly overlook the ocean.

Coastal landscapes don’t just make for breathtaking views. Research from the University of Exeter reveals that living by the sea can improve your mental health and well-being.1 The ocean’s blue can help put you in a state of calm, which can be an especially helpful change of scenery if you’re coming from a more urban environment.

Memorable Outdoor Excursions

Greece is graced by the Mediterranean’s sought-after climate, which lends itself nicely to the variety of outdoor-based activities offered at programs here.
Outdoor access can be a boon to the rehab experience. Mental health experts find that exposure to nature and outdoor activities can improve your mental well-being.2

Rehabs in Greece provide ample opportunities for rejuvenation in nature:

  • Fitness by the sea
  • Farming and gardening
  • Fishing
  • Golf
  • Hiking
  • Horseback riding
  • Luxury yacht trips
  • Outdoor adventures
  • Rock climbing

Participating in these and other outdoor activities as part of treatment can reduce stress, help you connect with others, and allow you to shift your focus to learning something new.

Ancient History to Inspire a New Future

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Historical landmarks and cultural sites dot the country.

Many rehab programs include excursions to historical sites and relics of the past that make Greece a popular destination. Some treatment centers are only a 30-minute car drive away from world-famous historical landmarks like the Temple of Olympian Zeus, the Acropolis, and the National Archeological Museum.

Keep in mind that rehab isn’t a vacation. However, ancient landscapes are proven to provide therapeutic value,3 a phenomenon dubbed “culture therapy” by researchers at the Human Henge project.

A trip to sites like the Acropolis in Athens can evoke a deep sense of reverence that can possibly enhance your treatment experience. As explained in Human Henge’s research report, “just as emotional and aesthetic responses can help people understand significant places… significant places experienced in particular ways can stimulate the same kinds of feeling. With care and sensitivity these can be directed to…[cause] the human spirit to flourish.”

Addiction can disconnect us from our sense of appreciation for life. But being in spaces of historical significance has the potential to stir up feelings of appreciation and gratitude. Through that, you may learn to be more perceptive of the world around you, which may just help you find joy in the everyday once more.

Activities and Experiential Therapies

There’s no shortage of things to do in Greece. Clients have unique opportunities to learn and heal through the variety of activities and experiential therapy programs available in the country. Engaging in these activities in a therapeutic setting can help you discover new ways of being and stimulate meta-awareness.4

Meta-awareness can help you overcome triggers that may lead to substance or alcohol use by learning to regulate your emotions so you’re less reactive to distressing thoughts or scenarios. It can also make you more aware of spontaneous reactions you may not have thought of before—for example, automatically reaching for a drink in stressful situations.

Equine-Assisted Therapy

Horses play an integral role in ancient Greek culture. Many rehabs in the country offer equine-assisted psychotherapy, also known as equine therapy. Working with horses is proven to help participants break down communication barriers5 and adjust their perspective to focus on the needs of another being. As a result, you may experience a new bond of trust that opens doors in your relationships outside of rehab.

Museum Visits

Museums are becoming recognized as therapeutic environments6 with the ability to improve mental health via art therapy. And Greece is home to some of the world’s most famous, like The Acropolis Museum in Athens, which displays some of the country’s greatest archeological finds. Exciting site visits are included in the treatment programs at centers such as Marieva Healthcare, Hellenic Practice, and The Poseidon Method.

Physical Activity

Research shows that exercise can aid in recovery from substance use disorders. Physical activity can help ease withdrawal symptoms, depression, and anxiety7 that may occur after you’ve discontinued using.

It may be easier to find the motivation to exercise in Greece. Greek people like to stay active: 84.6% of Greece’s adult population meets WHO recommended physical activity levels for health.8 With great weather year-round, many rehab programs in the country take clients outside for athletic activities at least a couple of times a week.

Holistic Healing

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Hellenic Practice in Athens, Greece, champions holistic healing.

Holistic health, which treats the whole person—body, mind, soul, and spirit—has its roots in ancient Greece. Today, the country is a magnet for wellness tourism.9

Thanks to its reputation as a wellness getaway, there are many holistic rehabs. Programs at these facilities are usually designed by teams of experts from different health-related backgrounds. Given their extensive experience with holistic treatment, these rehabs offer a comprehensive program that integrates different types of treatments, rather than simply adding complementary therapies into the mix. Integration is key for a more effective holistic addiction treatment program.10

Complementary Therapies

It’s common to find rehabs in Greece that include nutrition therapy, physical activity, lifestyle change strategies, and complementary therapies in their treatment programs. These treatments combined can help you heal in ways that may not be achievable through talk therapy alone.

Greek rehabs treat clients using a wide range of complementary therapies:

Nutrition

When you think of Greek cuisine, briny olives, tangy feta cheese, and fresh vegetables and fish may come to mind. The good news is, these traditional staples aren’t just delicious—they’re also good for your health. More than just a fad, clinical trials have shown that the Mediterranean diet may improve depressive symptoms and reduce depression remission rates.11

Several rehabs in Greece provide healthy nutrition plans along with the tools to maintain good eating habits. Some high-end rehabs dive even further into nutrition and work with clients to identify their nutritional issues, set up individualized goals, and create a sustainable lifestyle plan. You can even participate in cooking classes to learn the skills you need to prepare nourishing meals back home.

Finding Community and Rebuilding Relationships

Rehab opens the door not just to healing yourself, but also to restoring your relationships. It provides an opportunity to form connections with like-minded people, which can help you learn to relate to others in healthier ways.

Strong communities are central to Greek culture, and this comes across at many treatment centers. Multiple programs have a warm, community atmosphere that reflects the country’s social culture. Staff are often personable, helping clients feel attended to and cared for.

Another key aspect of Greek culture is family bonds. Certain centers recognize the impact of involving family in the recovery process and offer family therapy programs. Addiction usually affects the entire household. However, it’s common that clients and their loved ones haven’t acknowledged past traumas that may have fractured family dynamics. Family therapy in rehab can help facilitate healthier family ties, which is an important component of sustainable recovery.

Luxury Experiences at Private Rehabs in Greece

Greece is a well-known luxury travel destination. Celebrities, politicians, and executives alike travel to Greece to unwind. Luxury rehabs in Greece have been serving this clientele for years and have a good understanding of their needs.

Individualized Attention at Ultra-Exclusive Centers

Luxury rehabs in Greece go above and beyond to offer each client unparalleled individualized attention. At some premium rehabs, you have access to 24/7 emotional support and therapeutic assistance from therapists, clinical professionals, and senior staff. Some people are used to certain levels of attention and comfort. Many healthcare experts agree that comfort is integral to a patient’s experience,12 and having these comforts removed can be a counterproductive distraction from the treatment process.

Addressing the Needs of Executives and High-Profile Clients

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The Poseidon Method in Mykonos, Greece, offers a VIP treatment track program.

Certain rehabs in Greece have celebrity treatment programs specifically aimed to meet the unique needs of celebrities, VIP clients, and public personalities. Confidentiality in treatment can be a concern for this clientele. If you need absolute privacy, single-client rehabs in Greece can help you remain safely out of the public eye.

Rehab centers that understand the unique circumstances high-profile individuals face can help these clients lay strong foundations for healthy habits geared particularly towards their lifestyle demands.

Getting There

As a popular destination country, Greece is easily accessible by plane. The majority of travelers arrive through Athens International Airport. From there, they either fly or take a ferry to other Greek islands.

Luxury rehab centers in Greece offer airport pick-up and personal chauffeur services during your stay. Chaperoned field trips and shopping are also part of several centers’ programs.

Greece has options for rehabs closer to consumer areas like Athens. Or if you’d like to step back from it all, the country offers more isolated locations, from the highest mountain in Mykonos to a private cottage near the countryside.

Beginning Your Journey to Healing

For some, traveling can be a powerful way to begin their recovery. Going to a new and interesting place can put important space between your former patterns and your new goals. Ideally, you’ll return to your day-to-day life equipped with a new perspective, healthier habits, and strong support systems in place.

Greece provides access to natural wonders and cultural experiences that might provide just the inspiration you need to start your new chapter.

See our list of rehabs in Greece to explore treatment options.

Frequently Asked Questions About Going to Rehab in Greece

What sets Greece rehabs apart from other international rehab destinations?

Greece stands out as a rehab destination for its picturesque locations, rich cultural heritage, and high-quality addiction treatment programs. The serene, temperate climate, strong sense of community, and holistic approach to recovery, make Greece a sought-after destination for people seeking a comprehensive rehab experience.

What types of addiction treatment programs are available in Greece rehabs?

Greece rehabs offer a range of addiction treatment programs, including detoxification, individual and group therapy, holistic therapies, recovery activities unique to the country, and aftercare support. These programs are tailored to meet the individual needs of each client, promoting lasting recovery.

How long does a typical stay at a Greece rehab last?

The duration of a stay at a Greece rehab can vary depending on the individual’s treatment needs and progress. While some programs offer shorter stays of a few weeks, others provide more extended treatment options that can last several months. The length of stay is determined through a personalized assessment and treatment planning process.

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Are High Achievers More Susceptible to Addiction?

They may star in Hollywood films or run Fortune 500 companies, but many of the world’s most successful people also have a secret: they struggle with a unique set of challenges that often lead them to require treatment for substance abuse.

Take Zac Efron. This Hollywood star, famous for his lead role in the High School Musical series, was on top of his game in the mid-2000s. He was on the cover of magazines, and the idol of millions of teenagers around the world. But as he shifted into adult roles, he also became part of a much more intense party scene—one that would eventually pull him away from his career. He soon found himself treating his anxiety and loneliness with substances.1 He reflects on that time:

“You spend a lot of time in your house going crazy. You know, pretty soon you need a social lubricant…It was getting to the point where I was caring less about the work and waiting for the weekend…But then when Monday and Tuesday were too difficult to get through, then I was like, ‘Oh, this is bad.’”

Efron pulled himself out of his substance abuse in 2013, when he sold his house in the Hollywood Hills and checked into a rehab program for cocaine and alcohol addiction. But Efron isn’t the only star who has battled substance abuse. Hundreds of CEOs, athletes, artists, and celebrities struggle with addiction. But why?

As it turns out, many of the same traits that make people high achievers, like risk-taking, a strong drive for success, and dedication to their work, also are traits that make them more likely to abuse drugs and alcohol. High achievement and substance abuse2 often go hand in hand—and neuroscientists and psychologists can help us uncover why.

The Science Behind Substance Abuse

To understand what drives CEOs, celebrities, artists, and other high achievers to substance abuse, we need to understand what neurological factors lead to substance abuse in the first place.

Addiction researcher and neuroscience professor David Linden, PhD, explains why the character traits that make someone a good CEO also make them a “good addict.” Simply put, the same brain chemicals that encourage us to achieve also push us toward substance abuse and other forms of addiction. Linden writes in his book The Compass of Pleasure: How Our Brains Make Fatty Foods, Orgasm, Exercise, Marijuana, Generosity, Vodka, Learning, and Gambling Feel So Good:3

“The pleasure derived from success, and in particular from risky or novel business ventures, is borne of the very same brain pathways that make substance use so irresistible to some. It’s all about pleasure-seeking and reward.”

But contrary to popular belief, people who struggle with substance abuse and addictive behavior don’t have a heightened desire for these substances. Instead, Linden’s research shows, many people with a history of substance abuse have “dampened” dopamine receptors. Dopamine is the chemical in our brains that allows us to feel pleasure—which means that to get the same rush of positive feelings, a person with dampened dopamine receptors needs to partake in significantly more of an activity or substance than the average person.

What does this have to do with achievement? The connection, Linden argues, is actually quite simple. Certain activities like drinking alcohol, eating fatty foods, and exercising give us a dopamine hit—and so does achieving a goal. When you set and achieve a goal for yourself, your brain releases dopamine, and you get a rush. So, the same mechanism that makes certain people more likely to crave substances like alcohol or drugs is also more likely to push them to work harder to achieve their goals.

“My strong, strong suspicion,” says Linden, “is that what makes some people more likely to rise to the top is the same thing that makes them more likely to be addicts.”

Anxiety, Trauma, and Alcoholism

Though dopamine receptors are responsible in part for substance abuse, they aren’t the only factor that can impact a person’s likelihood to struggle with addiction. While approximately half of someone’s addictive tendencies are thought to be genetic,4 the rest is based on factors having to do with life circumstances.

Constance Scharff, PhD, who works as an addiction researcher with Cliffside Malibu treatment center and co-authored the book Ending Addiction for Good5 reports that high achievers who struggle with addiction are also likely to have experienced a major stressor or trauma in their early lives that shape their behavior.

“There’s something, usually an early experience, that fuels that kind of drive, and oftentimes it’s the same thing that drives addiction. The vast majority didn’t have some sort of basic needs met as children, so they’re driven very, very hard to succeed. But the pain that goes with that is also what they’re self-medicating for.”

– Constance Scharff, Addiction Researcher, Cliffside Malibu

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Set near the coast, Cliffside Malibu offers a co-occurring disorder treatment program that includes evidence-based treatment and holistic medicine.

The rate of co-occurring disorders with substance abuse is very high—which is why more treatment centers are offering treatment for anxiety, depression, eating disorders, and other diagnoses. One study from 2010 showed that exposure to traumatic experiences as a child was linked to higher rates of substance use disorder (SUD),6 and many participants were living with both SUD and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A similar study on anxiety and substance use disorders7 shows that rates of SUD in patients with anxiety occur at a higher than average rate, suggesting that there is a correlation between the two conditions.

Scharff and her team agree that exposure to adverse childhood experiences,8 also called ACEs, can increase the likelihood that a person will struggle with substance abuse later in their life. And ACEs can also lead to other traits, like perfectionism, that are associated with high achievement. As such, learning how to identify these behaviors, process childhood traumas, and cope with triggers is a pivotal part of treatment for many high achievers who struggle with addiction.

Substance Abuse and Everyday Stressors

There’s one final reason why many high achievers may be prone to addiction: the stress they experience in their daily lives.

Imagine, for a minute, what it’s like to run a global enterprise, or play in a Super Bowl Game. Not only are millions of people expecting you to succeed—your entire life is also often in the public eye. Even for people who aren’t navigating childhood trauma, the pressure to perform at a board meeting or on a movie set, along with the social pressures of being in the limelight, can be overwhelming. Facing anxiety and burnout, many high achievers self-medicate to cope.

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AToN Center in San Diego, California specializes in helping high achievers who face anxiety and burnout heal from substance abuse.

Studies show that turning to potentially unhealthy coping mechanisms is surprisingly common among successful people. In the recent Executive Wellbeing Index from Bupa Global, 60% of executives who reported struggling with mental health issues during the pandemic said they turned to potentially unhealthy coping mechanisms, like alcohol or substances, to self-medicate9 those issues. Nearly 40% of those respondents said they used over-the-counter drugs and/or alcohol to treat their anxiety, depression, fatigue, or mood swings.

It’s also important to remember that though self-medication and stress is part of daily life for many high achievers, during the pandemic many people lost access to their old, healthier coping mechanisms. In the write-up on their survey, Bupa Global notes: “Many of the mechanisms people typically use to cope with such stress and anxieties such as seeing friends and family, going to the gym, going on holiday and even going to work have been diminished, and replaced for other, more addictive substitutes such as increased alcohol consumption, self-medication, substance abuse, and gambling.” In the absence of other outlets, people often turn to substance abuse.

Even for people who don’t typically struggle with anxiety or depression, periods of stress can lead to self-medication, which can devolve into a more serious substance use problem. Treating mental health struggles as they arise can help all people, including high-achievers, stay ahead of that spiral.

Celebrity Success Stories

For many celebrities, CEOs, and other highly successful people, a combination of childhood trauma, anxiety and stress from a demanding job or lifestyle, and genetics can lead to struggles with substance abuse. But those struggles don’t always end in pain and suffering. In fact, many celebrities with household names have overcome their substance abuse problems by seeking treatment.

Oprah Winfrey, talk show host, author, producer, and much more, was addicted to crack cocaine10 in her early 20s. She started using while in an unhealthy relationship and soon became addicted. In an episode where she interviewed recovering addicts, Oprah shocked her audience when she said to guest Kim Davis: “​​I did your drug.” Oprah sought treatment for her addiction and has since become one of the most influential women in the world.

Business mogul Steve Madden also struggled with addiction11 in the past. This high achiever, who started his shoe company from the trunk of his car, was tried in 2002 for money laundering and fraud. In a documentary from 2017, Madden admitted that he struggled with substance abuse since he dropped out of college, and his lawyers explained in court that his crimes were the direct result of his addiction. Madden spent 41 months in prison and was forced to resign from his role as CEO. Since then, however, Madden has returned12 as creative and design chief of the company he started back in 1990. The company did $1.5 billion in sales last year and now owns a dozen other well-known brands.

There are dozens of stories just like these. For many high achievers, especially those in the public eye, finding treatment can be challenging. But, it’s not impossible. A number of rehab centers specialize in co-occurring disorders, like Solice in Marbella, Spain, which offers a holistic approach to recovery and treats co-occurring disorders like anxiety and depression. Other facilities, like AToN Center in San Diego, specialize in helping executives and professionals heal from substance abuse. These centers and many more offer discreet, personalized treatment that takes into consideration the needs of high-performing individuals.

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Solice in Marbella, Spain offers a holistic approach to recovery and extra privacy for executives who are concerned about confidentiality.

True Achievement: Healing Addiction and Underlying Trauma

As many people know, high achievement can be a double-edged sword. While it comes with motivation, hard work, creative thinking, and often, success, it also can also lead you down a path toward substance abuse and other addictive behaviors.

For many high achievers, substance abuse isn’t the problem—it’s simply a way to cope. Treating the underlying causes that can lead to addictive behavior, and learning about how your body handles substances, can be an invaluable way to find healing. The more you know about yourself, the more easily you can break old patterns, and discover a more successful, motivated, and capable version of yourself.

It’s important to remember that struggling with mental health is a normal part of life—particularly for certain groups of people. For many survivors of childhood trauma, those with a family history of substance abuse, and people in positions of power, treating mental health is part and parcel of living a successful life. Though it can be hard for high achievers to admit their own flaws, it’s okay to recognize that your brain has a unique way of navigating the world. And it’s entirely okay to ask for help when you need it.

You can start your healing journey and reduce your symptoms of anxiety and other co-occurring disorders at a treatment center near you.

Frequently Asked Questions About Addiction Among High Achievers

Why do high achievers struggle with addiction?

High achievers often face intense daily pressure, stress, and a need for perfection, which can contribute to using substances as a coping mechanism.

What are the signs of addiction in high achievers?

Signs of addiction among high achievers include increased excessive workload, declining performance, mood swings, hiding substance use, and neglecting personal well-being.

How can rehab help high achievers with addiction?

Recovery.com provides tailored treatment programs that include individual therapy, group therapy, holistic treatments, and support networks specifically designed for high achievers’ needs.
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Mutual Support in Therapeutic Communities

Substance misuse can be extremely isolating. For some clients, rehab is a good time to break out of old patterns and start rebuilding interpersonal relationships. And, as valuable as talk therapies are, there are some skills you can only learn by engaging in mutual support. If your goal is to focus on those skills, you might benefit from joining a therapeutic community.

While many of these programs take place within rehab facilities, they take a unique approach to the healing process. Residents receive some level of professional care, which may include talk therapy, medical supervision, and various other programs. In addition to this, clients actively cultivate a community of mutual emotional support.

What Is a Therapeutic Community?

Therapeutic communities, or TCs, are “a form of long-term residential treatment for substance use disorders.”1 Originally—starting as early as the 1950’s—most of these organizations were run entirely by residents, who provided support to each other during recovery. This model uses “the peer community as the agent of recovery,”2 with an emphasis on healthy relationships between members.

In some of these earlier programs, members were prohibited from using medications of any kind, even to help with detox. Over time, and as public opinion has shifted, many facilities have adopted a more modern approach. Today, it’s quite common for TCs to be connected with more traditional rehab facilities. This allows clients to benefit from recent medical advances, while still connecting deeply with one other. If you attend one of these programs, you will also be asked to take on greater responsibilities than you would be in a more traditional rehab program.

Collective Responsibility

In a therapeutic community, clients are often expected to participate in group activities, engage directly with one another, and even perform daily chores. These activities are intended to help you cultivate life skills and build healthy relationships. By behaving as an important part of a larger collective, you may become more confident in your own personal strengths.

As psychiatrist Penelope Campling explains, this philosophy is founded on the ideas of self-empowerment and collective responsibility. She writes, “therapeutic communities3 are deliberately structured in a way that encourages personal responsibility and avoids unhelpful dependency on professionals. Patients are seen as bringing strengths and creative energy into the therapeutic setting, and the peer group is seen as all-important in establishing a strong therapeutic alliance.”

TCs conceive of the “community as [the] method“4 or mechanism of healing. In this model, clients are not only accountable for their own recovery; they also assume a certain level of responsibility for each others’ healing processes. There is “an emphasis on social learning5 and mutual self-help…This aid to others is seen as an important part of changing oneself.”

Length of Stay in a Therapeutic Community

These programs often last longer than other forms of treatment, and your length of stay will likely be determined by your unique needs. At Start2Stop, a facility in London, offers a Secondary Care Programme for those who have completed 28-day inpatient treatment. “Everyone is different and the length of stay will depend upon individual circumstances,” says the provider. However, most clients stay on-site for approximately three months.

Research suggests that it is especially important for clients to prioritize aftercare following their stay in a TC. According to one study on therapeutic communities’ effectiveness,6 both “length of stay in treatment and participation in subsequent aftercare were consistent predictors of recovery status.” This may be related to the well-documented importance of community for mental health.7 After you learn to engage with fellow residents in a TC, it may be difficult to return to a less communal setting.

Group Activities

While therapeutic communities share a particular approach, various TCs have slightly different philosophies regarding recovery. For instance, some of these programs are founded in the 12 Steps of A.A. or N.A. Others may host only teens, or offer gender-specific treatment. No matter who is part of your cohort, you can expect to participate in focused group activities.

It’s quite common for clients to engage in group therapy or support groups during their stay. You may also join in group outings or even shared meals. These experiences help residents cultivate a sense of community by both offering and receiving emotional support from peers. When this exchange occurs outside of traditional talk therapy, clients can practice interpersonal skills in a variety of contexts. This may help you prepare for life after rehab, when you’ll start interacting with people who aren’t necessarily in recovery.

A growing body of evidence suggests mutual support between clients with substance use disorders8 is hugely beneficial. Experts have found that these relationships “fill a gap that often exists in both formal and informal treatment for individuals with SUD by focusing on recovery first and by helping to rebuild and redefine the individual’s community and life.”

You are more than your illness. Simply watching a movie with a friend, going on a hike, or talking about a good book can help you remember that. And during your time in residence at a TC, you may have more and more opportunities to engage in these activities.

Stages of Recovery

Many therapeutic communities employ a “hierarchical model of care”.9 In this dynamic, clients gain more privileges as they work through predefined stages of recovery. These privileges often include access to the outside world, such as receiving an allowance, using a laptop, or going off-site. For example, you might be allowed to spend a night away from the facility after being in the program for a certain period of time.

Because of this philosophy, TCs may be a good fit for people with responsibilities they can’t set down for months at a time. In particular, students and employed professionals may be able to keep up with school and work during treatment. Some clients might need to do this remotely, while others may be allowed to leave the facility during the day.

Unlike other rehab models, therapeutic communities actively encourage clients to reintegrate with the outside world10 before completing treatment. According to the National Institutes of Health, “as program participants progress through the stages of recovery, they assume greater personal and social responsibilities in the community. The goal is for a TC participant to leave the program not only drug-free but also employed or in school or training. It is not uncommon for program participants to progress in their recovery to take on leadership and staff roles within the TC.”

This flexibility should not be confused with a lack of structure. On the contrary, clients enjoy certain freedoms precisely because they remain accountable to themselves, each other, and their healthcare providers. At every stage of recovery, you’ll be expected to follow certain house rules.

Common Regulations in Therapeutic Communities

Life in a TC strikes a delicate balance. On the one hand, you’ll slowly gain privileges that aren’t available in other rehab programs. And on the other hand, you’ll be expected to take on responsibilities that are rarely associated with inpatient treatment. These two components work in concert to empower clients. The daily practice of caring for yourself and others, while watching the impact of your behavior in real time, can have a huge impact on the recovery process.

Sobriety

Most therapeutic communities have a zero-tolerance policy for substance use. You may undergo regular tests to confirm your sobriety. This practice is especially important for clients who spend significant time off-site. By gathering data about your health, your clinicians can monitor your progress and make adjustments as needed.

If you do test positive for substances during your stay, you may have to leave the program permanently. While this may sound extreme, it’s in line with the philosophy of community accountability. In a TC, even more than in some other programs, your behavior has a drastic impact on the health of other residents. This strategy not only discourages substance misuse; it also protects clients from engaging in enabling behavior.

Household Chores

Living in a community means being partially responsible for the well-being of the whole group. With this in mind, most TCs require residents to take care of their own living spaces. These activities aren’t simply utilitarian; they’re also an exercise in interpersonal dynamics. A task as simple as sweeping the floor can become an act of caring for your cohort.

Each program has its own unique expectations of clients. At MARR, a TC in Georgia, clients “complete chores, buy groceries together, have dinner at the dining room table every night, and navigate day-to-day activities. This sense of community has proven to be a huge factor in the recovery process. It lets clients know they’re not alone while challenging their old habits at the same time.”

This practice teaches valuable life skills, helps clients develop healthier habits, and fosters strong relationships. It may also have a long-lasting positive effect on the psychological aspect of healing. Data suggests that life skills training11 and related activities may be an important preventive measure for those in recovery from substance use disorders.

Curfew

TCs have a strong focus on building healthy habits into your daily routine. Because of this, you can expect to follow a clearly defined schedule during your time there. Although it will likely include much more free time than a traditional rehab, you’ll still have to abide by a curfew. This curfew may change over time, as you progress through the stages of recovery. And even if you’re able to spend the occasional night off-site, you’ll still likely need to return at a predetermined time. Much like regular drug testing, this practice helps clinicians gather data about your recovery process—specifically your ability to keep your commitments and respect healthy boundaries.

Does Scientific Data Support Healing in a Therapeutic Community?

Significant research supports the idea that clients benefit from building community during recovery. Connecting with your peers not only gives you access to support; it also positions you to help the people around you. By empathizing with the people in your cohort, you may gain new insights into your own recovery process. As you develop mutual compassion and respect, you may also gain new confidence in your own role in the group.

However, much research is needed into the efficacy of TCs.12 Despite their lengthy history, there is little scientific data regarding their clients’ long-term recovery. One commonly cited study from the 1980s found that “nearly 30% of addicts treated in TCs maintain maximally favorable outcomes, while another 30% show significant improvement over their pretreatment status.” Because our clinical understanding of substance use has progressed so much since then, those findings may or may not reflect present-day outcomes.

More recently, a 2016 study found that “peer-led recovery support services13 may be a helpful addition to traditional professional services. More research is needed to make definitive recommendations.” However, it’s important to note that this is an analysis of specific peer-led services which may or may not be available in every therapeutic community. Based on related information, it’s very likely that TCs continue to have a positive long-term effect on recovery. But—just like any healing modality—treatment in a therapeutic community may be best when combined with traditional modalities, such as talk therapy and medical care.

Is a Therapeutic Community Right for You?

There’s no doubt that therapeutic communities offer a unique approach to recovery. This type of environment might be a good fit for clients who want to focus on improving their interpersonal relationships and developing life skills. And because residents may gain off-site privileges during their stay, this model may be especially appealing to people with certain commitments, such as work, school, or family responsibilities.

However, some clients may find that the lifestyle of a TC is incompatible with their own needs. For example, highly visible people—especially high-level executives and those with celebrity status—may require greater discretion. Others may need specialized medical care that isn’t available in this environment. And if you feel that you would benefit from more structure, or a greater level of protection from the outside world, you might consider attending a more traditional rehab program.

It’s also possible to take a combined approach, and attend a TC after completing detox or another inpatient treatment program. And, at any rehab, you can find ways to participate in a community both during and after the program. Even individual treatment programs may allow you to connect with loved ones during your stay. Whatever modality feels right for you, remember that healing your relationships is an important part of recovery.

To learn more about this approach, explore our list of therapeutic communities.

Frequently Asked Questions About Therapeutic Communities in Addiction Treatment

What is a therapeutic community in addiction treatment?

A therapeutic community in addiction treatment is a supportive environment where individuals in recovery live together, fostering personal growth through peer support, self-help, and shared responsibility.

What are the benefits of a therapeutic community in addiction treatment?

Therapeutic communities in addiction treatment provide a sense of belonging, support, and accountability, helping people develop life skills, coping strategies, and form healthy relationships.

How does a therapeutic community in addiction treatment promote recovery?

Therapeutic communities promote recovery by offering a structured environment for building healthy relationships, encouraging self-reflection, personal growth, and the development of healthier behaviors and coping mechanisms.