Category: Treatment Therapies

Posted on

Recover Your Sense of Self With Individual Therapy

Individual therapy puts you at the center of treatment. And in a rehab with 1:1 therapy, you’ll connect with your own deepest goals and values. Those ideals become guideposts, leading you toward the next chapter of your life. This process can empower you to make recovery your own.

What Is Individual Therapy?

Individual therapy, or 1:1 therapy, includes you and your therapist—no one else. These private conversations are a crucial part of most rehab programs. Your therapist might function almost like an advisor, supporting you as you navigate the rest of the program. Usually, they’ll also play a major role in designing your plan of care.

During rehab, you might meet with your therapist several times a week. You may also see them in other settings. For example, your 1:1 therapist might lead a weekly group session as well. If you’re just going to therapy, and not attending a larger program, it looks a little different. In that case, it’s most common to see your therapist once a week, for about an hour at a time.

Individual Therapy for Addiction Treatment

You can find individual therapy in most residential rehabs. Experts agree that it’s “the most useful form of treatment for substance use disorders.” It can help with almost every aspect of recovery, including complex mental health symptoms. Your therapist can also help you work toward specific goals, like abstinence.

Individual Therapy for Mental Health

1:1 therapy isn’t just for addiction. It can also treat most mental health conditions. At first, your therapist will help you identify goals for treatment. Depending on your needs, these might be very specific or more general. You can go to therapy because you’re feeling a little stressed, or because you want to decrease how many panic attacks you have per day. No matter why you start treatment, your counselor will likely teach you new coping skills, help you process your past, and empower you to move forward.

Types of 1:1 Counseling

There are many different types of individual therapy. Depending on your personal history, one or more of these methods may work well for you. And during rehab, you may even try a few different approaches.

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

In ACT (pronounced like the word “act”) you’ll learn that fighting against a feeling can actually make it stronger. With that in mind, ACT teaches you to accept strong feelings as they come. Mindfulness and self-compassion help patients tolerate triggers instead of acting on them.

ACT also helps you identify your values. In one of your first sessions, your therapist will likely help you take an inventory of your own highest ideals. You can return to that inventory throughout treatment, and after rehab. While your values may change over time, it’s almost always helpful to know what they are. That way, you can build a life that honors them.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

CBT can be a vital part of addiction treatment. This 1:1 therapy teaches you to modify your thought and behavioral patterns. You’ll also learn practical coping skills, which can help you process even the most difficult feelings.

Addiction often starts as a coping mechanism. And when you’re triggered, you might run the risk of relapse. CBT skills offer an alternative. Instead of taking drugs, you might say a mantra you learned in therapy, go for a run, or text a friend. Over time, these new responses start to feel natural.

In a session, your therapist will prompt you to confront your thoughts head-on. Then, you’ll learn to distinguish between thoughts, feelings, and facts. For example, you might feel like you’re going to relapse after you leave rehab. But that’s just a feeling. And in reality, you have the power to make a different choice.

Narrative Therapy

Narrative therapy offers you a fresh perspective on your personal history. Your therapist will encourage you to think of it as a story, with a narrative arc and ongoing themes. Then, they’ll establish you as the author of your own life.

This treatment helps clients understand the nuances of their own mental health. For example, imagine getting over a breakup. Painful though it is to be newly single, you can learn a lot in that process. Narrative therapy helps you deconstruct old patterns and start rebuilding yourself.

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)

In EMDR, you’ll focus on gentle stimuli as you work through past trauma. For example, you might look at a light as it moves back and forth. Or you might rub your arms while you describe a memory. These cues help you process the strong feelings associated with what you’ve been through. And over time, those feelings will subside. As a result, EMDR helps you grow less sensitive to triggers.

Addiction itself is traumatic. And sometimes, fears of a relapse can feel debilitating. EMDR is commonly used for trauma, but it can be just as effective for the memories and fears linked to addiction.

Benefits of Individual Therapy

Meeting with a clinician in private can make it easier for you to feel safe. But it’s not just about how you feel. Individual therapy also has some unique practical advantages.

Confidentiality

In a 1:1 therapy, you’ll talk to your therapist alone. And for the most part, your conversations are private. There are some exceptions to this, of course. In residential rehab, they may share information with other clinicians on your treatment team. And if you make certain threats, or describe ongoing abuse, they might be obligated to report it. Your therapist can tell you exactly what information they would have to report.

If you’re over the age of 18, your therapist won’t share private information with your family, your friends, or other patients without your consent. So you can trust that your conversations will stay private. This helps many clients feel safe enough to explore vulnerable topics during treatment.

A Close Therapeutic Relationship

This type of therapy invites you to build a strong relationship with your clinician. And data shows that the therapeutic relationship directly affects the success of addiction treatment.

It’s natural to feel safer around people you trust. That’s true in almost any situation. Walking through the woods at night is a little easier when you’re with a friend. And exploring the depths of your psyche can be less daunting when you trust your therapist.

Your bond can also get stronger over time. In every session, you and your therapist will get to know each other a little better. That makes it easier to share more personal information, so you can tackle even deeper issues. And the resulting connection you feel with your individual therapist can make rehab even more effective.

Forging Your Own Path Toward Recovery

Above all, 1:1 therapy teaches you about yourself. Working through past issues can help you build resilience. And in turn, you’ll gain self-confidence in your own ability to heal. This commitment to recovery can inspire you to keep growing, no matter what happens after treatment.

Explore rehabs with individual therapy to see their locations, reviews, insurance options, and more.

Reviewed by Rajnandini Rathod

Posted on

How Hypnotherapy Helps Clear the Path to Recovery

What do you picture when you think of hypnosis? 

You might not realize that hypnosis has therapeutic applications. It can even help with addiction recovery. Some rehabs use hypnotherapy during inpatient treatment. Here’s how it works.

What Is Hypnotherapy?

Hypnotherapy, or hypnosis, puts you into a brief trance-like state1 to help you relax and concentrate. And it’s not the way you’ve seen it on TV. In a lot of media, hypnosis makes people reveal their deepest secrets, or do things against their will. But in reality, you’ll be fully in control the whole time. For most people, hypnosis feels like a state of deep rest,2 but without falling asleep.

This treatment is no substitute for other, more traditional methods. However, combining hypnosis with talk therapy3 helps some people move past mental barriers. By facing your deeper thoughts and feelings, you can gain new insight. This helps some clients heal from serious mental health issues. 

Find Your Inner Ability to Heal With the Ericksonian Technique

There are a few different types of hypnotherapy. The central idea of Ericksonian hypnosis4 is that everyone can solve their own problems. In treatment, your therapist tries to harness the natural creativity of your subconscious mind. Then, they’ll help you use that creativity to build a healthier outlook.

Erikson hypnosis uses a lot of guided imagery.5 While you’re in a trance, your therapist uses metaphors to talk about issues you’re currently facing. For example, they might ask you to imagine approaching a path with a fork. Each option represents a real life choice. By noting how you feel about each path, you’ll gain clarity about what you want to do outside of therapy.

This treatment invites you to look at your life in a new way. But researchers still need more information about it. Because this approach is so personal for each patient, it’s hard to study the effectiveness of Ericksonian treatment.6 

Cognitive Hypnotherapy Combines Cognitive Behavioral Therapy With Hypnosis

For a more evidence-based approach, you might consider cognitive hypnotherapy. This treatment uses traditional cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) methods in combination with hypnosis.7 Rather than simply attending a CBT session, your therapist will first induce a hypnotic state. Then, once you’re in this focused frame of mind, they’ll guide you through traditional CBT exercises.

CBT teaches you to change your thought patterns8 and practice healthier coping strategies. When you’re in a hypnotic state, you’re more open to those suggestions to change. Much like the Ericksonian approach to hypnotherapy, experts are calling for more data about this type of treatment.

Self-Hypnosis Can Be Self-Care

In most hypnotherapy methods, a trained hypnotherapist acts as your guide. But if you’d like to use these methods outside of therapy sessions, you can learn self-hypnosis.

It’s important to learn this technique from an expert before you try it alone. First, your therapist will teach you how to safely enter a hypnotic state9 by yourself. They’ll also teach you what to do when you’re in hypnosis, and how to re-alert yourself out of the trance-state when you’re ready. 

After you have this training, you can practice self-hypnosis on your own, whenever or wherever you need to. This coping strategy can empower you to take control of your own healing process.   

Using Hypnotherapy in Mental Health Treatment

Therapists rarely use hypnotherapy by itself.10 More often, they’ll have you engage in other treatments while you’re in a hypnotic state. This strategy can help you stay open to other therapeutic techniques. 

Treating Anxiety

Several types of hypnosis can treat anxiety.11 Research shows that self-hypnosis gives you a greater sense of control.12 In one study, this reduced the frequency of patients’ panic attacks. This method can also help with the chronic symptoms of anxiety, like insomnia.

Because Ericksonian hypnosis relieves stress,13 it can also treat these conditions. It’s especially helpful for people with generalized anxiety disorder. This treatment is relaxing and rejuvenating. It even helps some people stop procrastinating.

Healing From PTSD

Some therapists treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with hypnosis.14 People with a history of trauma often benefit from cognitive therapy. Treatment can relieve flashbacks, nightmares, and intrusive memories.

However, hypnosis can sometimes be triggering.15 You might even re-experience a traumatic memory during a trance state. Because of this risk, it’s important to work with a trained hypnotherapist, instead of trying self-hypnosis. They can help you work through painful experiences, and move past lingering triggers.

Managing Chronic Pain

Studies show that hypnotherapy decreases chronic pain.16 This method might be even more effective than physical therapy. This might be a viable treatment for people who developed an addiction due to chronic pain.17 By improving your physical symptoms, hypnosis might replace drug abuse as a healthier coping mechanism. 

Hypnotherapy for Addiction Recovery

Some studies show that hypnosis can aid in addiction recovery. This treatment may increase patients’ self-esteem and lower their impulsivity, making it easier to stay sober. Experts have used hypnosis to treat several different types of addiction:

However, there’s significant controversy about hypnotherapy as a mental health treatment.  Some authorities on addiction science, like the U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), say that there is little to no evidence that hypnotherapy treats addiction.21 As research continues, this treatment may gain support from the medical community. But even now, there are ways you can safely incorporate hypnosis into your recovery.

How Does Hypnosis Help With Treatment?

Hypnotherapy can be a valuable part of addiction treatment, but it isn’t right for everyone.22 If you have certain diagnoses, it might even be dangerous. Hypnosis is not an appropriate treatment for people with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or seizure disorders—just to name a few. 

If you want to try this therapy, it’s important to get your doctor’s opinion in advance. And if it turns out hypnosis is a good fit for you, there are a few ways it can support your recovery. 

Learn to Sleep Soundly 

Many people in addiction recovery experience sleep issues23 long after they start treatment. And this isn’t only exhausting; it can also get in the way of your continued healing. Research suggests that hypnosis can alleviate some sleep disorders,24 like insomnia and sleepwalking. 

Relax During Recovery

Recovery is a stressful process. And experiencing a lot of stress can increase your risk of relapse.25 You can use hypnotherapy to find deep relaxation26 during rehab. Even if it’s not a formal part of treatment, you might practice self-hypnosis to unwind at the end of the day. Over time, it can even become part of your self-care routine. 

Hypnotherapy Can Support Long-Term Healing

Hypnotherapy is an adjunct treatment. In other words, it’s no replacement for rehab. But it can support other therapeutic methods. And as you prepare for life after treatment, you can use it as a coping strategy. Because you can practice it on your own, this approach can be empowering in every stage of recovery. 
Search for a rehab that offers hypnotherapy and learn about their treatment philosophies, complementary therapies, housing options, and more.

Posted on

Nourishing the Recovering Body: Nutrition in Rehab

Eating well is a huge part of feeling well. Food doesn’t just support wellness—it can also be a source of joy. When you go to rehab for addiction or mental health treatment, great meals can be the thing you look forward to.  

Food is both a source of pleasure and an important tool for long-term recovery. Addiction and chronic stress deplete your body and compromise its ability to absorb nutrients. That’s why it’s crucial for your treatment plan to include healthy meals. And in some rehabs, nutrition is a major part of the program. 

Nutrition and Addiction

Addiction takes a toll on the body and mind. As the experts at Siam Rehab know, “if your body is healthy, you have a healthy mind with it as well.” Healing—both physically and mentally—starts by learning how addiction affects your eating habits.

How Substance Use Depletes Nutrients

Malnutrition is common among people with addiction.1 While you’re actively using, drugs and alcohol might be a higher priority than your diet.2 In some cases, drug use can even damage the organs that absorb nutrients. Different types of addiction have different effects on the body:

Diet During Detox and Withdrawal

When you’re ready to recover, detox is often the first step. You can expect this process to have immediate physical and emotional effects. For example, you may have digestive symptoms during withdrawal,8 like nausea, stomach pain, and a reduced appetite. Eating well supports your body’s natural healing abilities. 

Eating Well in Early Recovery

Drug cravings are a normal part of early sobriety. Food cravings might be, too. Data shows that your appetite can increase in your first 6 months of sobriety.9 You may even have more of a sweet tooth than usual. As a result, weight gain is common during inpatient rehab.10

For some clients, weight gain and body image become mental health issues. Gaining weight can even be a trigger for relapse.11 And experts believe that women in particular “increasingly report weight-related concern as motivation for drug use.” Some people even develop disordered eating habits during treatment.12 Without proper medical care, these issues can work against your long-term physical and emotional health.

With the right treatment, food can support your recovery—not undermine it. Eating balanced meals and learning about nutrition can help you heal from addiction.13 Plus, most people’s cravings and appetites return to healthy levels 6 months into addiction recovery.14 That’s especially likely for people who use structured eating plans. 

Food as Aftercare and Relapse Prevention

Good nutrition is important in every stage of recovery—even after you complete treatment. Eating well improves your physical health, of course. But that’s just the beginning. Poor eating habits also increase your risk of relapse.15 Studies link good nutrition with ongoing sobriety,16 overall mental health.

Nutrition and Mental Health

Balanced meals are a powerful way to boost your mood.17 As nutritional therapist Julia Ross writes, “this is the law of malnutrition: when your food quality or quantity deteriorates, your mood is the first casualty, even before your physical health begins to deteriorate.” Ross and many other experts report a link between food and emotional well-being.

The Gut-Brain Axis

There’s a direct line of communication between your gut and your brain.18 Experts call this the “gut-brain axis,” and it’s key to your mental health. Gut health impacts your mood, “motivation, and higher cognitive functions.”

Stress and changes in diet can affect digestion19 by harming the bacteria in your gut. That can cause a range of issues, from inflammation to leaky gut syndrome. Researchers have linked these conditions with depression and anxiety. On the other hand, several studies show that healthy digestive bacteria can improve your mood.20 

Eating Right for Your Brain

Studies indicate that people with certain mental health issues are very likely to have nutrient deficiencies.21 Those with depression, bipolar disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder are especially vulnerable. But, research also found that patients’ mental health improved when they took certain supplements. 

If you have any of these diagnoses, you can talk to your doctor or nutritionist to learn more. Make sure to get an expert opinion before taking any over-the-counter supplements. They may interact with other medications, or impact other parts of your recovery plan. 

Eating Disorders

If you’re healing from an eating disorder, good nutrition is a vital part of recovery. Because these conditions change your eating habits, they often damage your physical health. The exact risks vary, depending on your specific symptoms. 

Most eating disorder treatment programs include nutrition education,22 meal planning, and therapeutic meals. These activities bolster your skills around healthy eating, and give you the nutrition you need to fuel physical and emotional recovery. 

Studies show a strong connection between eating disorders and the need for control.23 This can make it feel especially scary to enter a treatment control. But, by learning to trust a team of professionals to help you heal, you’re working to take back control of the rest of your life. And good nutrition can empower you to do the hard work of building better habits.

Improve Your Energy and Clarity

Recovery takes effort. And in the early stages of treatment, you might not be used to keeping a strict schedule. You’ll also be working through heavy emotional issues, which can be tiring. Good nutrition boosts your energy and improves mental stamina, helping you focus on treatment. Certain nutrients are especially important for regulating energy and preventing fatigue:24

  • complex carbohydrates
  • fats
  • minerals like iron, magnesium, and zinc
  • vitamins like B vitamins and vitamin C

Because of the link between addiction and poor diet, eating well might feel like a big change when you enter rehab. This is also an issue during mental health treatment. For instance, studies show a link between depression and low vitamin levels.25 

Your mental health can impact your dietary requirements, and vice versa. But everyone’s needs are different. Your care team may advise a meal plan, IV therapy, or even fasting. Ask your admissions team about their approach to nutrition, and how that will impact your treatment plan. 

How Do Rehabs Provide Proper Nutrition?

Because nutrition is such a large part of both recovery and everyday life, it can affect every aspect of rehab. Every center has its own way of integrating nutrition into the healing process. 

In-House Nutrition Experts

Some rehabs employ nutrition specialists or other food experts. For example, you might work closely with a nutritionist or dietitian. These specialists create balanced meal plans, which they can tailor to meet each client’s needs. They may also give you vitamins, minerals, or other supplements. And when talented chefs design the daily menu, you can look forward to every meal. 

At Soberman’s Estate, a men-only rehab in Arizona, culinary excellence is a big part of the healing process. Using local ingredients from their on-campus greenhouse, their executive chef creates meals that are “as good as or better than most five-star restaurants,” as one previous patient said. 

If you have a refined palate, dietary restrictions, or other food-related needs, talk to your rehab’s admissions team about their ability to accommodate you. 

Designing Your Meal Plan

Addiction and mental health issues affect everyone’s body differently. Some rehabs create individualized meal plans to bring your body back into balance. They may take a blood test as part of your initial screening to see what nutrients you’re lacking, then work to remedy that throughout your stay. 

At Istana, a 1:1 rehab with locations in Bali, Barbados, and Ibiza, menus are designed to “address deficiencies in your diet and strengthen your body’s nutrition.” Each meal plan is designed by their team of professionals to meet clients’ unique dietary needs.

You’ll also have regular check-ins with the nutritionist to track how your body responds to meals throughout treatment. They can then make changes based on real-time feedback. By taking part in this process, you’ll learn about your own evolving needs and practice listening to your body. And when you leave the center, you’ll be more empowered to eat healthy and respond to your body’s needs.

Planning for Long-Term Recovery

Recovery doesn’t end when you leave rehab. Many centers offer nutrition education, so you can learn life skills before finishing treatment. This helps clients make long-term plans for their ongoing nutritional health. 

You can continue to benefit from proper nutrition on your own after learning about balanced eating from professionals. Inpatient treatment centers like Paracelsus Recovery in Switzerland help you set up long-term nutrition plans. These aren’t fads or quick fixes. Instead, they’ll show you how to care for your body and mind sustainably, using food as a tool.

Some centers even help find support for you closer to home in your aftercare. Rowland Tweedie, the center’s Health and Fitness Manager, explains, “I often try to find a local person that [clients] can be supported by: a personal trainer or nutritionist. Someone locally they can go to, to help them maintain or reinforce what they’ve been doing during the program.” 

Find Joy in Nourishing Your Body

Recovery isn’t just about moving away from unhealthy habits. It’s also about learning how to enjoy your life in a healthy way. And for many people, food can be a positive, healthy way to find that joy. Eating a tasty, nourishing meal can be a source of pleasure, no matter what else you’re dealing with.
Explore our searchable list of rehabs and filter your search by dietary preference, see centers that offer gourmet dining, and more.

Posted on

How Fitness Supports Us in Addiction Recovery and Beyond

It’s no secret that exercise makes you feel good. These positive feelings are thanks to endorphins released during and after physical activity. It can also be an important part of healing your body from the effects of addiction, trauma, and stress.

Recovery is all about building a sustainable, healthy routine, and exercise can help you get there. Because of this, many addiction and mental health rehabs focus on fitness, and have amenities to help you stay active during your care. 

Why Exercise is Good For You

Exercise helps physical and mental health,1 and can improve the following:

  • brain health
  • anxiety
  • depression
  • sleep
  • focus
  • confidence

One study found that “People who exercised had about 43% fewer days of poor mental health.”2 

Exercise Lowers Stress Levels

Exercise reduces stress3 by lowering stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol. Rhythmic activities like walking clear the mind, helping you relax naturally. 

Stress makes people more prone to relapse,4 so learning to manage it is crucial for recovery. A regular fitness routine decreases the likelihood of falling back into familiar coping patterns.

personal training the banyans
An exercise physiologist designs individual exercise plans for each client at The Banyans in Brisbane, Australia.

Physical Fitness Helps Treat Depression

Studies show that exercising is effective in treating depression.5 On the flip side, not exercising is a risk factor for developing depression. When you work out, your brain releases serotonin, a hormone that improves your mood. (Antidepressants relieve depression by increasing serotonin levels.)

Even just a few minutes of physical activity per day can make a big difference in your mood. One study compared people who exercised with those who didn’t. Researchers found that 1.25 hours of walking per week lowered the risk of depression by 18%.6 This decreased by 25% with at least 2.5 hours per week.

Regular Exercise Reduces Anxiety

Research shows that physical activity is associated with less anxiety.7 It can help distract you from anxious thoughts. Instead, you’ll focus on something positive, like finishing a workout or achieving a goal—even if that’s just walking for 20 minutes. 

Exercise Improves Your Overall Well Being

By trying new activities and overcoming challenges, your confidence will increase.8 You’ll start to feel better as your immunity, sleep, and energy levels improve. And your risk for disease and health complications goes down as your body repairs the damage caused by substances and prolonged stress. Drugs and alcohol aren’t kind to your body, but the good news is that damage is usually not permanent. Exercise can be the first step in working towards better health—and a better outlook on life.

Exercise and Addiction

Studies show that exercise facilitates recovery from substance abuse9 in these ways:

  • decreases the likelihood of relapse
  • lessens drug-seeking behavior
  • reinforces positive change

People who exercise are less likely to use drugs.10 It’s likely that its ability to reduce stress, and therefore regulate emotions, is a factor. You can see the effects in animal studies, too: opioid-dependent rats took morphine less often when they swam consistently.11 Rodents dependent on cocaine were less likely to use the drug when they had access to an exercise wheel.12 A fitness routine adds structure to your day, allows you to explore new interests, helps you build community, and even overcome addiction.

A New, Healthy Hobby

Physical activity can become a new way to spend time outside of substance abuse. It can even become a new hobby. You might realize that you love spending time at the gym or running outside. Or, you may return to an old interest: maybe you used to shoot hoops for hours or play volleyball every weekend with your friends.

Regardless of the role fitness has in your life, it’s important to find activities you enjoy doing while sober. These can replace the time that you used to spend using drugs. Remember that recovery can—and should be—fun.

cycling white river manor
Cycling at White River Manor in Mpumalanga, South Africa

A Way to Meet Other Sober People

Physical fitness can give you a way to connect with new people, both in rehab and after you leave. During rehab, you can bond with people over similar interests in a specific activity, like rock climbing or dancing. These new relationships can be instrumental in your recovery process: it’s important to have people to talk to when you’re feeling down. It’s especially helpful to surround yourself with others that have had similar experiences. They can empathize with, and truly understand, what you’re going through.

Exercise Rewires Your Brain

Exercise releases dopamine in your brain. This hormone is responsible for “good” feelings, and can even have pleasurable effects similar to those you get from drugs. This is because exercise and substances activate some of the same reward pathways.

Exercise also prevents further brain damage from substance use13 and promotes cell regeneration. And forming a new habit can actually change your brain. “Neuroplasticity” is the brain’s ability to create new connections. You can use this to your advantage by introducing exercise into your own routine. If you continue to exercise consistently in a way that’s fun and sustainable, it can become a healthy habit that you genuinely enjoy. 

Luxury Rehab Fitness Amenities

You’ll have an array of fitness options at different luxury facilities, from fun activities to personal trainers. Remember that it’s important to choose something you like doing. Studies show that you’re more likely to stick with an exercise routine14 if you enjoy it. So if you already love yoga, you can choose a center like Veritas Detox that offers classes. Or if you’ve always thought that boxing looked fun, you can check out a facility like SOBA New Jersey.

Gym Amenities

Many rehab facilities have fitness centers. At Sierra Tucson, clients can take advantage of their many fitness amenities. Soak up views of the Santa Catalina Mountains from their outdoor swimming pool or work out in the fully equipped gym. You can even learn how to rock climb on their indoor rock wall.

At Hollywood Hills Recovery, clients have access to a personal trainer, as well as group or private fitness classes.

Sports Opportunities

Social support is an important factor in sticking to an exercise routine.15 Team sports are a great way to foster new relationships. Futures Recovery Healthcare is an ideal facility for sports lovers. Challenge another client to a game of tennis, basketball, or volleyball on one of their many courts.

Rehab Facilities for Athletes

If you’re an athlete, you may want (or need) to continue training while in treatment. All Points North’s specialty program for athletes was created by professional athletes. Their center provides top-tier amenities to support your needs, like an indoor lap pool and personal trainer. 

At Soberman’s Estate, clients work with fitness coach Carl Hargrave. Once an NFL coach, he now helps clients find healing through fitness and prepare for the “field of life.”

Outdoor Activities

Recreating in nature provides many benefits—and some rehab facilities offer adventure therapy activities, like hiking and biking. For example, Lions Gate Recovery provides recreational outings to the nearby Zion National Park. Colorado is world-renowned for its outdoor opportunities, and All Points North Lodge in Vail is no exception. Clients can hike, paddleboard, or mountain bike in the summer, and go snowshoeing, snowboarding, or skiing in the winter.

Spending time in nature positively affects mental health.16 For example, researchers found that people who were outside for at least 2 hours per week had better overall well-being. This averages out to just 15 to 20 minutes per day. When you combine this with exercise, the effects are twofold: you reap the benefits from both physical activity and time in green spaces.

Find Joy on the Other Side of Healing

No matter your age or ability, even small amounts of exercise provide important mental and physical benefits. While physical activity is only part of your recovery journey, it plays an important role in maintaining a healthy lifestyle for years to come.
See our curated list of rehabs with exercise programs to view fitness amenities, activity options, compare prices, and more.

Posted on

Can Animal-Assisted Therapy Actually Help You Heal?

Some people find it easier to relate to animals than to other humans.

Animals are easy to be around, as they’re nonjudgmental and unconditionally loving. And those can be especially helpful qualities when you’re working through vulnerable issues.

In animal-assisted therapy (AAT), animals like horses, dogs, and dolphins support the therapy process by helping people feel safe to explore feelings they might otherwise struggle to get in touch with.

The Basics of AAT

All animal-assisted therapies share the following qualities:

  • They’re goal-directed.
  • They aim to improve physical, social, emotional, or cognitive function.
  • The animal is a central part of treatment.
  • A licensed service provider facilitates the interaction.

AAT can take place in group or individual settings. It’s important to note that animal-assisted therapies are an addition to primary care. ((Monfort Montolio, M., & Sancho-Pelluz, J. (2020). Animal-assisted therapy in the residential treatment of dual pathology. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(1), 120. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010120)) In rehab, you’ll likely work through a treatment plan based on psychotherapy, with AAT and other complementary therapies supporting your experience.

Some facilities even allow you to bring your pet to rehab.

Which Animals Does Animal-Assisted Therapy Use?

Therapists may bring various animals into an AAT session:

  • dogs
  • cats
  • horses
  • farm animals
  • birds
  • dolphins
  • reptiles

Some animals are more popular in treatment programs because their personality traits lend themselves to therapeutic goals. While you may be more likely to encounter horses, dogs, and dolphins, which animals your rehab works with will depend on their location, facilities, and staff.

When choosing an AAT program, consider which animals you feel a stronger connection with. For example, you might resonate more with dogs if your beloved childhood pet was a golden retriever. “Some people just have preferences for other animals ((Sawicki, R. (2022, March 5). Animal-Assisted Therapy Brings Joy to a Delaware Prison. U.S. News & World Report; U.S. News & World Report L.P. https://www.usnews.com/news/best-states/delaware/articles/2022-03-05/animal-assisted-therapy-brings-joy-to-a-delaware-prison)) and it triggers some memories for them that were positive,” said Rachel Boulden, a treatment administrator at Baylor Women’s Correctional Institution.

Equine Therapy: “Horses Don’t Judge”

In equine therapy (ET), therapists use horses to facilitate connection, comfort, and healing. ((Marchand, W. R., Andersen, S. J., Smith, J. E., Hoopes, K. H., & Carlson, J. K. (2021). Equine-assisted activities and therapies for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: Current state, challenges and future directions. Chronic Stress, 5, 2470547021991556. https://doi.org/10.1177/2470547021991556)) Sessions usually involve tasks like grooming, riding, or walking the horse. Your therapist will assess your comfort level with horses before asking you to do any activities—in fact, the first session often involves simply getting to know the horse.

This nonjudgmental space helps people feel more at ease expressing their emotions. According to Janice Story, an Equine and Meditation Coach at Soberman’s Estate, “The horses are incredible at helping our clients feel connected because horses don’t judge. Our clients immediately feel a connection with them. It helps teach them trust. It teaches them communication and boundaries.”

sobermans estate equine therapy

In addition to working on communication, equine therapy can also help with confidence. Horses are large animals, which might feel intimidating for some. Many patients find that overcoming these fears raises their self-esteem.

Canine Therapy: “You Could Feel All That High-Stress Energy Had Just Dissipated”

Canine-assisted therapy, also known as dog-assisted therapy, is the most popular form of AAT. During sessions, people can interact with the dog—they might pet them, talk to them, or simply sit with them.

“You could feel all that high-stress energy had just dissipated and you see the person petting the dog and having a conversation with the handler,” ((Pooch Power: Therapy Dogs Bring Quick Relief in the ER. (2022, March 10). U.S. News & World Report; U.S. News & World Report L.P. https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2022-03-10/pooch-power-therapy-dogs-bring-quick-relief-in-the-er)) says sociology professor Dr. Colleen Anne Dell. “Sometimes they’re having conversations. Sometimes they’re not. Sometimes the dog is just snuggling up to them and they’re getting that comfort from that animal.”

Dolphin Therapy: “They Connect With You Somehow”

Dolphin-assisted therapy sessions ((Fiksdal, B. L., Houlihan, D., & Barnes, A. C. (2012). Dolphin-assisted therapy: Claims versus evidence. Autism Research and Treatment, 2012, 839792. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/839792)) start with simple interactions, like touching or giving commands to the animals. You might care for the dolphin, or simply observe it. After you feel more comfortable, you may complete various exercises that involve swimming or playing with the dolphins.

The length and duration of sessions vary from program to program. Dolphins are usually captive, though some facilities use wild dolphins. At Hawaii Island Recovery, clients can swim with wild spinner dolphins.

Environmentally conscious treatment seekers should note that this therapy is controversial. While many purport its benefits, others say there’s no science to support it. ((Inside the murky world of dolphin therapy. (2021, August 11). Animals. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/inside-the-murky-world-of-dolphin-therapy))  Claims that captivity causes dolphins psychological harm ((MacDonald, James. “The Ethics of Research on Captive Dolphins.” JSTOR Daily, 7 Oct. 2019, https://daily.jstor.org/the-ethics-of-research-on-captive-dolphins/.)) are widely known, but the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration also advises against dolphin interactions in the wild. ((Fisheries, NOAA. “Six Reasons Why You Should Not Swim with Wild Spinner Dolphins | NOAA Fisheries.” NOAA, 12 Nov. 2021, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/six-reasons-why-you-should-not-swim-wild-spinner-dolphins.)) A new law in Hawaii even “prohibits swimming with, approaching, or remaining within 50 yards (45.7 meters) of a Hawaiian spinner dolphin.”

The Benefits of Animal-Assisted Therapy: Healing Through Unconditional Love

1. Animals Have Calming Effects

Spending time with animals can decrease stress, even if it’s only for a short while. One study found that interacting with therapy dogs for just 5 minutes decreased stress and anxiety ((Kline, Jeffrey A., et al. “Randomized Trial of Therapy Dogs Versus Deliberative Coloring (Art Therapy) to Reduce Stress in Emergency Medicine Providers.” Academic Emergency Medicine, edited by Mark B. Mycyk, vol. 27, no. 4, Apr. 2020, pp. 266–75. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.13939.)) in emergency workers.

This might be because connecting with animals lowers levels of cortisol: ((The power of pets. (2018, February 1). NIH News in Health. https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2018/02/power-pets)) the hormone associated with stress. Research also shows that interactions with dogs increase oxytocin levels, ((Cimons, Marlene. “Your Dog Can Make You Feel Better, and Here’s Why.” Washington Post, 19 Sept. 2016. www.washingtonpost.com, https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/your-dog-can-make-you-feel-better-and-heres-why/2016/09/19/fde4aeec-6a2a-11e6-8225-fbb8a6fc65bc_story.html.)) especially when the dog is your pet. Known as the “love hormone,” oxytocin encourages relaxation and eases stress.

Bear Betty Ford animal therapy

“Oxytocin has some powerful effects for us in the body’s ability to be in a state of readiness to heal, and also to grow new cells,” ((Rovner, Julie. “Pet Therapy: How Animals And Humans Heal Each Other.” NPR, 5 Mar. 2012. NPR, https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2012/03/09/146583986/pet-therapy-how-animals-and-humans-heal-each-other.)) says Rebecca Johnson of the Research Center for Human/Animal Interaction at the University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine, “so it predisposes us to an environment in our own bodies where we can be healthier.”

2. A Safe Space to Explore Emotions

Animals aren’t judgmental beings, which is a large part of why AAT allows people to open up. Some people still feel uncomfortable sharing their deepest emotions with a fellow human, even if that human is a trained psychotherapist. But they may feel more at ease with an animal.

“They’ll sit on the ground holding the dog and say, ‘I hate talking about this’ or ‘I don’t want to admit this,’ but they’ll start talking to the dog and start sharing, and it all just comes out,” says Boulden.

3. Animals Understand You

Animals seem to understand how humans feel. Dogs in particular have more therapeutic impact ((Bolt, Charlotte, et al. “Exploring the Therapeutic Opportunities, Challenges and Psychological Mechanisms of Integrating Dogs into Psychological Therapies with Adults.” Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, vol. 47, May 2022, p. 101564. ScienceDirect, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101564.)) than other animals. This could be because of their “emotional evolution:” a result of the domestication process.

Researchers of dog-human relationships ((Gee, Nancy R., et al. “Dogs Supporting Human Health and Well-Being: A Biopsychosocial Approach.” Frontiers in Veterinary Science, vol. 8, Mar. 2021, p. 630465. PubMed Central, https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.630465.)) explain:

“Through the processes of domestication and natural selection, dogs have become adept at socializing with humans. For example, research suggests dogs are sensitive to our emotional states as well as our social gestures, and they also can communicate with us using complex cues such as gaze alternation. In addition, dogs can form complex attachment relationships with humans that mirror that of infant-caregiver relationships.”

4. Animals Reduce Loneliness and Provide Social Support

Addiction is often called a disease of isolation, ((Everything You Think You Know about Addiction Is Wrong | Johann Hari. www.youtube.com, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PY9DcIMGxMs. Accessed 29 Sept. 2022.)) and loneliness plays a major role in substance abuse. Even when substances aren’t in the picture, social isolation can significantly impact our mental health. Former Surgeon General Vivek Murthy noticed this when he spoke with people across different communities. Those who struggled with mental health issues like depression, addiction, and anxiety seemed to have one commonality: feeling alone.

Luckily, pets can help with that. ((Lee, Bruce Y. “Are You Feeling Lonely? How About Getting A Pet?” Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2019/06/02/are-you-feeling-lonely-how-about-getting-a-pet/. Accessed 29 Sept. 2022.))

Animals provide unconditional acceptance ((The power of pets. (2018, February 1). NIH News in Health. https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2018/02/power-pets)) and love, which alleviates lonely feelings. And in addition to their own companionship, animals can facilitate more social interactions with other people. “Animals can become a way of building a bridge for those social interactions,” says Dr. James Griffin, a child development expert at National Institutes of Health.

Potential Drawbacks of Animal-Assisted Therapy

1. Safety Concerns

For the most part, animal-assisted therapies are safe. Certified animals undergo rigorous training to prevent sticky situations from occurring.

But some animals are more tame than others. The risks involved in interacting with dogs or cats, for example, are far less than with horses or dolphins. “Because dolphins aren’t domesticated, ((Inside the murky world of dolphin therapy. (2021, August 11). Animals. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/inside-the-murky-world-of-dolphin-therapy)) they don’t lose their wild traits, and their behavior is difficult to predict or control,” says Toni Frohoff, a behavioral and wildlife biologist for Terramar Research.

2. AAT Can Be Expensive

For the most part, AAT isn’t cheap, especially if you travel to a new location. For example, 5 days of dolphin therapy in the Bahamas is $4,500—not including airfare or accommodation. ((Inside the murky world of dolphin therapy. (2021, August 11). Animals. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/inside-the-murky-world-of-dolphin-therapy))

3. Results Are Mixed

While research shows that it improves mental health, experts note that many of the studies on AAT are flawed. ((Kamioka, H., Okada, S., Tsutani, K., Park, H., Okuizumi, H., Handa, S., Oshio, T., Park, S.-J., Kitayuguchi, J., Abe, T., Honda, T., & Mutoh, Y. (2014). Effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 22(2), 371–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2013.12.016)) Common issues include lack of ​​follow-up studies, small numbers of participants, and possible bias from researchers. It’s also difficult to measure outcomes of AAT. A patient could feel happier as a result of environmental factors like traveling somewhere new, for example, or spending time outdoors while horseback riding.

4. Not Everyone Finds Animals Comforting

If you’ve had a traumatic experience with an animal in the past, involving them in therapy during a vulnerable time might be triggering. AAT might be more trouble than it’s worth if you dislike or are allergic to animals.

Could Furry Friends Help Your Recovery?

If you already feel comfortable with animals, animal-assisted therapy could be a great complement to your primary treatment plan. Animals help us relax, connect, and feel better about ourselves—which we can all use more of, especially in trying times.

Explore rehab centers that offer animal-assisted therapy to find out about their program highlights, facilities, accepted insurance, and more.

Reviewed by Rajnandini Rathod

Posted on

Does IV Drip Therapy Really Help With Detox and Recovery?

IV drip therapy is a new—and controversial—way to treat addiction. Treatment is just what it sounds like: clients receive vitamins and nutrients intravenously. The goal is to speed up detox, and help with ongoing addiction recovery. And while it sounds promising, there’s some debate about whether it actually works.

Some experts say it relieves the symptoms of detox and withdrawal. It might also ease the other physical side effects of addiction. But many doctors call for more evidence, saying this treatment isn’t worth its high price. You can try IV drip therapy at several rehab centers—but make sure you understand the pros and cons before you get started.

What Is IV Drip Therapy?

During this treatment, a medical professional administers a vitamin solution through an IV.1 These solutions consist of various vitamins and minerals, like amino acids, vitamin C and B, NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), and more. You’ll sit and relax for 30-60 minutes while the infusion enters your system. Different rehabs offer various types of IV drip therapy. They might even tailor each treatment to address your specific symptoms. 

Vitamin Infusions

In vitamin IV therapy, you’ll receive a specific combination of vitamins, minerals, and nutrients. Various treatments can target different physical symptoms. For example, studies show that the Myer’s Cocktail,2 a mixture of magnesium, calcium, B vitamins, and vitamin C, helps prevent migraines, fatigue, and respiratory issues. If you have more specialized concerns, FHE Health offers customized vitamin IV infusions.3 

NAD+ Treatments

NAD+ is a naturally occurring coenzyme. It heals and creates new cells, effectively boosting your energy levels. It also protects against stress. Experts say that NAD+ IV therapy alleviates detox symptoms.4

Some providers also use it to treat mental health issues. The Sanctuary at Sedona offers NAD+ therapy5 to clients with depression, PTSD, and anxiety, as well as addiction. Mary L. Deluca, psychiatrist and Medical Director, says that treatment improves clients’ cognition, energy levels, and sleep habits. 

Is IV Drip Treatment Effective?

The effectiveness of IV drip therapy1 is up for debate. People usually get enough vitamins from a balanced diet, and adding extra vitamins may not actually boost your health. On the other hand, some experts recommend it for detox and addiction recovery.

Reported Benefits of IV Drip Therapy

Some rehabs recommend IV therapy during recovery, especially during detox and withdrawal. Treatment may also help you heal from the physical impacts of addiction. Supporters of IV drip therapy cite several positive effects.

Experts Call for Evidence

Like most treatments, IV drip therapy has pros and cons.1 And some experts think it doesn’t work at all. Columbia University professor Dr. Ariel Igal calls it “the placebo effect.” Others say it has unnecessary risks. 

  • “There’s no actual data” to support IV drip therapy,10 addiction psychiatrist Emily Zarse told NPR. And any experimental treatment may have unforeseen side effects. 
  • Excessive vitamin intake can be dangerous.1 Water-soluble vitamins, like vitamins C and B, don’t stay in the body. The excess is immediately flushed from your system, making treatment a waste. But excess fat-soluble vitamins— like A, D, and E—are stored in the body for longer periods of time. And they can be harmful in large amounts. 
  • The high cost of IV treatments1 probably won’t be covered by your insurance. The FDA has yet to approve this type of therapy. And each 30-60 minute session can cost $100—or much more. 

Fitting IV Therapy Into Your Recovery Plan

As controversial as vitamin infusions are, they’re very helpful for some clients. But this treatment is just one way to approach recovery. If you’re interested in IV therapy, talk to your medical providers about whether it’s safe for you.

Use Recovery.com to compare treatment options at rehabs, including their pricing, insurance coverage, and other complementary therapies.

Posted on

What Is 12-Step Facilitation in Rehab?

At some point in your search for a rehab, you may have heard treatment professionals use the term “12-Step facilitation.” But what does it mean?

12-Step facilitation, or TSF, is a method used in clinical settings to promote participation in the 12 Steps as a core part of addiction treatment. Aspects of TSF are often used in 12-Step rehab.

According to the Recovery Research Institute, a nonprofit research arm of Massachusetts General Hospital, “Twelve-Step Facilitation (TSF) treatments ((Twelve-step facilitation(Tsf). (2017, February 27). Recovery Research Institute. https://www.recoveryanswers.org/resource/twelve-step-facilitation-tsf/)) are a set of semi-structured therapies designed to help people abstain from alcohol and other drugs by systematically linking them to, and encouraging their active participation in, community-based 12-step mutual-help organizations.”

In this approach, addiction treatment professionals in a formal treatment setting help you adopt the 12 Steps and apply them throughout your recovery journey. Recovery success is directly related to ongoing participation in AA and other 12-Step groups. TSF is based on the disease model, ((Hall, W., Carter, A., & Forlini, C. (2015). The brain disease model of addiction: Is it supported by the evidence and has it delivered on its promises? The Lancet Psychiatry, 2(1), 105–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00126-6)) which sees addiction as a lifelong illness. It focuses on Steps 1 through 5. ((The twelve steps | Alcoholics Anonymous. (n.d.). Retrieved October 10, 2022, from https://www.aa.org/the-twelve-steps))

Goals of TSF

The goals of TSF ((Nowinski, J., Baker, S., & Carroll, K. (1999). TWELVE STEP FACILITATION THERAPY MANUAL. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/projectmatch/match01.pdf)) involve embracing the tenets of the 12 Steps—acceptance of addiction as an uncontrollable disease, and surrender to a higher power—and using them to achieve treatment outcomes:

  • abstinence (staying sober)
  • long-term recovery
  • integrating with the 12-Step community
  • emotional and spiritual growth

What This Means for Your Treatment Experience

Meetings are encouraged.

You may track your meeting attendance and progress through the Steps in a journal, which you’ll then review with your therapist.

According to Project Match’s 12-Step facilitation therapy manual, ((Nowinski, J., Baker, S., & Carroll, K. (1999). TWELVE STEP FACILITATION THERAPY MANUAL. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/projectmatch/match01.pdf)) “Patients are actively encouraged to attend AA meetings and to maintain journals of their AA attendance and participation. Therapy sessions are highly structured, following a similar format each week that includes symptoms inquiry, review and reinforcement for AA participation, introduction and explication of the week’s theme, and setting goals for AA participation for the next week. Material introduced during treatment sessions is complemented by reading assignments from AA literature.”

At some rehabs, meetings are mandatory. Learn to Live in Hermann, Missouri implements “12-Step immersion and engagement” by encouraging patients to attend weekly meetings. These can include house meetings (which take place on-site at the treatment facility), community meetings (local meetings outside of rehab), virtual meetings, or recovery community events, and must total 5 meetings per week.

The extent to which a rehab uses TSF varies from program to program: they may only apply aspects of it, or base their program entirely on AA’s model. It’s important that your rehab’s treatment philosophy makes sense to you. Ask admissions staff for more details on how they use the 12 Steps in treatment.

Your therapists integrate the 12 Steps into your treatment plan.

In TSF, you and your therapist might track your progress to see how you’re adapting to the AA community, reflect on what came up in a specific meeting, or talk through your feelings about the program so far. Part of their job is to help you overcome barriers to attending meetings and reservations you may have about the program.

United Recovery Project explains how TSF can support the recovery journey, ((Luxury addiction treatment center – alcohol & drug rehab – united recovery project. (n.d.). United Recovery Project Florida. Retrieved from https://unitedrecoveryproject.com/12-step-facilitation-therapy/)) even after rehab:

“The goal isn’t to get them to show up to one session but rather to immerse themself to a point where they thrive.12-Step facilitation therapy may occur while someone is in a rehabilitation center or after they have finished substance abuse treatment. Participating in 12-Step facilitation therapy after leaving rehab is often most advantageous as doing so encourages you to stay on track.”

Is TSF Right for You? Connect With a 12-Step Rehab to Learn More

12 Step isn’t for everyone, but many people find it helps them get—and stay—sober. And because this approach is so highly respected, it’s easy to find aligned treatment programs. These facilities can help you work toward complete sobriety, and connect with a global community of like-minded people.

Look into available programs in our searchable directory of 12-Step rehabs.

Reviewed by Rajnandini Rathod

Posted on

Can Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) Fast-Track Your Recovery?

The body has an innate ability to heal itself – and some addiction treatment modalities work by enhancing this. The idea behind hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is that it can boost these self-healing properties to promote a number of positive effects.

While HBOT has long been used to treat decompression sickness, also known as “the bends,” it’s now being used in addiction and behavioral health settings. Some rehabs are introducing this therapy as a way to reduce symptoms of substance use and physical or emotional trauma, and accelerate their clients’ treatment progress as a result. Beyond just treating addiction, HBOT is also used by high-performance athletes and others who simply wish to optimize their health. But is this therapy as effective as treatment centers claim? We’ll take a look at the following:

What Is Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy?

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy was first employed in the early 1900s by the U.S. Navy, who used it to treat deep-sea divers who resurfaced too quickly. It’s since become a well-established treatment for decompression sickness among scuba divers, and since the 1960s, it’s also been used to reverse the effects of carbon monoxide poisoning. Today, HBOT is used to speed recovery from a variety of health problems, including infections, burns, injuries, tissue death, traumatic brain injury, and anemia. 

How HBOT Boosts the Healing Process

During HBOT, patients sit in a specially designed chamber and breathe pure oxygen. While the air we normally breathe contains only 21% oxygen, the oxygen level inside the HBOT chamber is 100%. The chamber is also pressurized to 150-300%, which speeds up the delivery of oxygen to your tissues. As blood oxygen levels increase and the body becomes saturated, more oxygen is delivered to cells and tissues, enhancing their ability to repair themselves. This stimulates the body’s natural healing processes: 

  • blocking the effects of harmful bacteria 
  • encouraging new stem cell growth 
  • strengthening the immune system
  • regenerating connective tissue and blood vessels

After repeated sessions, increased blood oxygen levels are said to be sustained even after receiving HBOT.1 

HBOT’s Uses in Addiction Recovery

Substance use overrides the body’s ability to clear toxins, which accumulate over time. It damages cells and organs, including the brain and digestive organs. The restorative effect of increased blood oxygen levels can help reduce symptoms of substance misuse, such as muscle pain, anxiety and irritability. One study on HBOT’s role in brain damage recovery2 found that it may also reduce symptoms of Korsakoff’s, a syndrome caused vitamin B1 deficiency as a result of alcohol misuse. 

Essentially, HBOT is one way treatment providers can heal the effects of addiction on a cellular level. And because it’s simple, has few, minor side effects, and requires no downtime, some rehabs find it a favorable option for supplementing clients’ treatment experience. Beyond treating symptoms of addiction, HBOT can also improve mood and energy levels, as well as help meet their overall health goals.

How Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Works 

HBOT is delivered in chambers designed either for individual use or for multiple people to use at a time. For individual treatment, patients lie on a table that slides into a clear tube, similar to an MRI machine. For group sessions, patients sit in a pressurized room and breathe oxygen through masks. In either case, a HBOT technician or trained medical professional is present throughout the session, which typically lasts for 1 to 2 hours.

Once patients are inside, oxygen is pumped into the chamber and the pressure gradually increases. When this happens, it’s common to feel your ears “pop” like they do during an elevation change. During the session, clients can relax with a TV show or a book, or simply rest. Once the time is up, air pressure is slowly lowered to normal levels. If necessary, your clinical team will assess several points including your blood pressure, pulse, and blood glucose for those who have diabetes. Most people find HBOT easy, painless, and even calming. 

How Many Sessions Do I Need? 

How many sessions you need depends on your condition, but you’ll likely need more than 1 to see results. Your treatment team can help you decide how many to attend. Check with your treatment facility to see how many sessions their program includes. This may vary according to your individual treatment plan.

Let’s take a look at how HBOT works at a few rehabs: 

All Points North Lodge, Colorado, USA

All Points North Lodge partners with a local hyperbaric physical therapy clinic, who provides a technician to oversee each session. Their website describes their HBOT process:3 

“After speaking with the tech before your session, you’ll slide into the glass tube that’s equipped with a pad and pillow. Once you’ve settled in, the tech will manage the pressure and oxygen within the chamber. While that happens, you can turn on your favorite Netflix show on the nearby TV, relax, doze off, and enjoy some quiet time alone. During this time, you’ll be under the medical supervision of the HBOT tech and can communicate any questions or concerns you may have at any time throughout the process.”

HBOT at All Points North Lodge is available as an optional add-on to their treatment program, or as a standalone therapy who wish to come to the Lodge solely for this purpose. Their admissions team offers assessments to interested clients to help them determine whether or not they’re a good candidate.

Castle Craig, Edinburgh, Scotland

HBOT at Castle Craig takes place in a 12-person hyperbaric chamber, located onsite and overseen by a local non-profit provider. According to their treatment team, HBOT helps Castle Craig’s clients:4 

  • dramatically reduce opioid withdrawal symptoms 
  • better regulate their emotions
  • improve sleep quality 
  • increase stem cell production by 800%
  • repair damage to organs including the pancreas, liver, and brain 

During the session, clients sit on cushioned seats inside the chamber and watch TV, rest, or read. This service is optional and comes with an additional cost.

Paracelsus Recovery, Zurich, Switzerland

Paracelsus Recovery offers HBOT as one option in the wide array of specialized therapies that make up its bespoke program. According to their team, “Prolonged use of drugs and alcohol can alter the brain’s chemical makeup and ultimately lead to loss of brain function and cell death. Although the body is incredibly self-healing, it may reach a point that it is unable to counteract the effects without help. HBOT treatments can restore life to dormant cells and awaken dormant cells and generate new, healthy cells.” 

They also use HBOT to aid the detox process: “[Hyperbaric oxygen] treatments are also beneficial during detoxification,5 helping the body to more efficiently rid itself of toxic substances.”

Paracelsus offers both single- and multi-person options, and sessions last about 1 hour.

Goodsky Mental Health Retreat, Queensland, Australia

Goodsky Mental Health Retreat utilizes the tissue- and muscle-repairing benefits of HBOT to help pain management6 clients. This service is part of their personalized program for issues such as chronic pain, trauma-related pain, traumatic brain injury, and mental health disorders. 

Is Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Effective for Treating Addiction?

HBOT not a new therapy, but its application in addiction and mental health treatment has only recently become more common, and more research needs to be done on its effectiveness in this area. However, some studies demonstrate its promise as an effective treatment for those in recovery: 

One study on hyperbaric oxygenation in the treatment of drug and alcohol addiction7 found that, “Exposure to hyperbaric oxygenation had a favorable effect on the patient’s status during sessions and persisted for some time after them… A comparative clinical and psychopathological examination of patients in both groups showed accelerated reduction of psychoneurological and somatovegetative disorders, this bringing about an approximately twofold decrease of treatment duration and preventing the development of complications.”

Another study published in the Journal of Neurotrauma found that HBOT improved overall cognitive functioning8 in veterans with blast-induced traumatic brain injury and PTSD.  

And a study in the neuroscience journal Brain Research to determine the effectiveness of HBOT for opiate withdrawal9 found that “hyperbaric oxygen treatment suppresses withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent mice.” 

Is HBOT Officially Approved? 

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) acknowledges that HBOT is effective for treating health problems10 beyond just decompression sickness. But it also warns about false claims that HBOT is a cure-all: 

“If you are considering the use of a HBOT device for yourself or a loved one, be aware that some claims of what it can do are unproven. For example, HBOT devices are not proven to cure cancer, Lyme disease, autism or Alzheimer’s disease.”

The FDA recommends that those considering this therapy first consult their primary care provider. You can also check with the regulatory agency that governs HBOT: “If your health care provider recommends HBOT, the FDA advises that you go to a hospital or facility that has been inspected and is properly accredited by the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society.”11 

Rehabs use HBOT as an “off-label” therapy. That is, it’s approved for certain conditions, but can also be beneficial for others. And centers who use the therapy to treat addition and mental health-related symptoms say their clients see positive results. According to Paracelsus, “Many people report improved memory, heightened alertness, increased energy, and an overall increase in health and wellbeing after as few as 10 treatments, although more treatments may be required.”

Risks and Side Effects of HBOT 

The side effects of HBOT are generally minimal, and usually affect the eyes, ears, or sinuses due to increased pressure. When they do occur, these effects may include the following:  

  • temporary vision changes resulting from effects on the eye lens  
  • ear issues due to changes in air pressure
  • low blood sugar in people who have diabetes treated with insulin
  • lung collapse (rare)

Most side effects of HBOT are nominal and short-lived, but there is a small risk of a serious condition called oxygen toxicity, which results from too much oxygen in the central nervous system. Johns Hopkins Medicine outlines its risks: 

“In rare, severe cases, a person can get oxygen poisoning.12 This can lead to seizures, fluid in the lungs, lung failure, or other problems. Considering the possible risks and benefits, the decision to use hyperbaric oxygen therapy must be carefully made after a detailed discussion with your healthcare provider.” 

HBOT is not advised for clients who have ear, sinus, or respiratory issues (including colds and congestion), or for pregnant women. 

Making HBOT a Part of Your Recovery

HBOT isn’t for everyone, but if it is right for you, it could potentially complement your recovery process and support your bodily systems as they heal from the effects of addiction. 
To learn how this and other therapies can benefit your recovery journey, visit our searchable directory of rehabs to see program information and reach out to centers directly.

Posted on

Ecotherapy: Using Nature’s Power to Heal

If you’re considering residential rehab, you might be feeling the need to get away from it all. You might also notice that many treatment centers are located in remote, naturally beautiful settings—and with good reason.

Spending time in nature has a powerful calming effect, and can help set you up for success in recovery. Rehab programs around the country employ the healing powers of the great outdoors, with experiential therapies like hiking, beach walks, and adventure outings forming a core part of the curriculum.

Any of these techniques helps you connect with yourself and the world around you: a relationship the recovery journey aims to right.

What Is Ecotherapy?

Ecotherapy, or nature therapy, is a broad term that loosely describes doing any outdoor activity with the goal of recovery. It can take place informally or in a clinical context, in a group or on your own. It’s not officially recognized in the DSM-5, but it is commonly employed by rehabs around the world.

Nature itself has therapeutic benefits.1 In therapies that use nature immersion, patients spend time outside as part of the recovery process. In some programs, these activities have specific therapeutic goals. In others, patients use mindfulness techniques to soak up the peace and quiet of the world around them.

Getting outside can provide perspective that helps with the challenges of recovery.

Learning to Trust Your Instincts

Humans haven’t always lived in urban areas. Only 200 years ago, 90% of us lived rurally. But today, more than half of the global population lives in cities.2 Despite its social advantages, this fast-paced urban lifestyle is stressful.3 Slowing down and grounding are necessary parts of the recovery process.

Engaging with nature has immediate emotional benefits.4 And research suggests that this is due to our evolutionary history. Our early ancestors relied on fresh water and vegetation to stay alive. Over time, we came to associate those resources with a sense of safety. Perhaps as a result, the human brain still responds well to these environments.

By spending time outdoors, you can tap into ancestral memories of safety. And when you feel safe, it’s easier to focus on healing.

Ways to Immerse in the Natural World

As a treatment, nature immersion takes many forms. You might meditate in a forest preserve, enjoy a guided walk, or get your hands dirty in the garden. And your treatment center might offer different outdoor therapies based on their staffing, location, and approach. Talk to your rehab’s admissions team to find out more about their available options.

You can also browse rehabs by activity, including hiking, fishing, river rafting, horseback riding, and more.

Forest Bathing

Forest bathing, or shinrin-yoku, originated in Japan.5 This is the practice of using all your senses to be present and mindful in a forest setting. When you go forest bathing, you use mindfulness to take in your surroundings. You might focus on the coolness of river water, the scent of fallen leaves, or the sound of birdsong. An expert may guide you through meditation, or you may spend time in the forest alone.

Guided Nature Walks

Some rehabs offer guided nature walks.6 Whereas forest bathing is meditative and mostly unstructured, guided walks are led by certified guides. These are normally group activities.

A guided walk usually lasts for around 2-4 hours, during which you’ll share thoughts with the group as you enjoy the outdoors. Guides invite you to observe the life and landscapes around you, from swaying trees to colorful skies. By focusing on your immediate surroundings, you’ll find it easier to let go of the small things and find a sense of awe for the larger world.

Once the group is emotionally grounded, guides might engage you in a sensory experience like running your hands through the grass or smelling the flowers. This connection with the Earth brings you back into the present, and back into your own body.

Finally, you’ll have time for reflection. Your guide might ask you to meditate or write about the experience. This helps ease the transition back into the rest of your routine. Ideally, you’ll return to it feeling more centered and calm.

Gardening Therapy

You don’t have to be deep in a forest to reap the benefits of nature therapy. Horticulture therapy,7 or caring for plants, is a great way to destress and focus on the present. This is a great option for people with limited mobility, or those who don’t have off-site privileges at their rehab.

Whether you spend time in a garden or just water your bedside fern every morning, plant therapy lets you care for something outside yourself. You can also see the impact your touch has on another living thing. Every new sprout is thanks to your contribution of water, the right amount of sunlight, and attention.

Viewing the Outdoors

In some rehabs, you can enjoy the perks of nature therapy without even going outside. Studies show that just having a nature view out of a hospital window can improve patients’ mental health.8 This is helpful for people with a range of mental health issues. For example, looking at beautiful nature scenes can decrease depression and anxiety.9

How Nature Immersion Helps Recovery

Spending time in nature can improve a wide variety of issues, from chronic pain to anxiety. And studies show that it’s especially helpful for people with certain conditions.

Anxiety and Stress

If you experience severe stress or anxiety, you might be surprised how much relief a little time in nature can provide. According to experts, “the higher the stress level, the greater the effect” forest bathing has10 on these issues. It can even alleviate physical symptoms. In one study, just watching a nature video lowered viewers’ heart rates.11 If your body is still healing from the effects of addiction, this could be an important part of your process.

Chronic Pain

If you have chronic pain, nature immersion can help with both its physical and mental effects. One study found that nature immersion not only relieved pain;13 it also boosted patients’ immune responses. They also reported decreased symptoms of depression.

Depression

Further research supports nature immersion as a treatment for depression.13 Most people report reduced depressive symptoms after spending time outside. This may be helpful for people with co-occurring disorders, like depression and addiction.

The Power of Nature to Treat Addiction

Nature therapy is a tried-and-true treatment for mental health. A growing body of research supports its use in rehab. And, it specifically benefits people in addiction recovery in several ways:

Reduce Cravings

Cravings put you at risk for relapse.14 And they can occur at any stage of the recovery process. Multiple studies show that after spending time in nature, people have less intense and fewer cravings.15 If this coping strategy works for you, you can use it before, during, and after residential treatment. Nature’s soothing effect is there any time you need it.

Improve Impulse Control

Addiction can damage your attention span16 and interfere with impulse control. This often makes it hard to commit to recovery.

Data shows that engaging with nature reduces impulsivity.17 As a result, ecotherapy might help you stay the course during treatment.

In one study, nature therapy was especially helpful for people recovering from opioid addiction.18

Connect With Yourself and Others

Unhealthy as it is, addiction is a coping mechanism. And when you enter recovery, you’ll need to develop new, healthier strategies. Spending time in nature can be an exciting way to connect with people, without using drugs.

This is also why nature can play an important role in aftercare. Returning to social circles associated with your addiction can increase your risk of relapse.19 By taking up new hobbies—like hiking or biking—you might just build a new, sober community.

Clinical Director Brenna Gonzales explains why The Hope House Scottsdale places so much emphasis on getting outside:

Most people living with addiction are stuck in their houses and are alone. To be outdoors, to reconnect with nature and themselves, gives people the opportunity to experience life again. There are mountains all around The Hope House. Some of the best hikes in Phoenix city are within five minutes of us. We also have a pool that clients can use daily. We take any opportunity we can to get people outside.

“Nature is the biggest distraction we like to have.”

Dr. Thomas Gazda, Medical Director at Soberman’s Estate, talks about how important it is for patients to unplug from distractions and focus on one another:

Residential rehab takes a person out of their normal environment. These days we have so many distractions at our fingertips: our cell phones, laptop, computers, television. There’s just so many distractions out there and we want to try and get away from that here. Nature is the biggest distraction we like to have out here. It’s a peaceful, quiet distraction. Something that can actually get you more in touch with yourself. It also allows for a certain kind of comradery amongst the patients here because they’re living with each other. They get to know each other, there’s a bond that forms.

If you prefer solo adventures, you can still relax in nature alone. Swimming in a body of water, hiking to a viewpoint, or even walking in the park can go a long way toward clearing your mind and bringing you back in sync with life. This valuable you-time creates space for your feelings, even when recovery is challenging.

Relaxing and Reflecting on Your Recovery Journey

The natural world holds many lessons. Simply observing it can help you connect with something greater than yourself. And nature-based therapies take that a step further, teaching you how to accept the present moment. In turn you can learn to accept yourself, just as you are, at every point on your healing journey.

To reconnect with nature during recovery, explore a list of rehabs offering experiential treatment and learn about their locations, housing options, complementary therapies, and more.

Posted on

Successful Treatment, Despite Experiencing Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS)

So you’ve done the hard work of detoxing. But now you’re having trouble remembering details. Or, you’re even more anxious than you were when you first quit. These feelings can be overwhelming, and you might not understand why. For many people, there’s a simple answer.

Post-acute withdrawal syndrome (PAWS) refers to a group of symptoms that continue long after you stop using drugs or alcohol. This condition can make it hard to focus on the work you’re doing in rehab. Thankfully, many rehab centers are prepared to treat PAWS. Talk to your providers, so they can help you manage your symptoms and avoid relapse.

What Is Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome?

PAWS, sometimes known as prolonged withdrawal syndrome, is a set of symptoms you experience after you’ve already gone through initial detox and withdrawal. ((Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS) | Semel institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.semel.ucla.edu/dual-diagnosis-program/News_and_Resources/PAWS)) It can last for weeks to years after you last use drugs.

Almost all drugs have the potential to cause this condition. And if you’re recovering from alcohol, benzos, or opioids, you’re more likely to experience PAWS. In fact, 90% of people recovering from opioid addiction and 75% of people recovering from alcohol or other drug addictions have post-acute symptoms.

The Symptoms of PAWS

While regular withdrawal symptoms are mental, physical, and emotional, PAWS symptoms are mainly psychological. It’s common to feel these effects of protracted withdrawal: ((Substance Abuse Treatment Advisory: Protracted Withdrawal. (2010). Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Center for Substance Abuse Treatment.))

  • irritability
  • depression
  • difficulty concentrating
  • short-term memory issues
  • fatigue
  • sleep problems like insomnia
  • anxiety
  • decreased sex drive
  • mood swings
  • intense drug or alcohol cravings
  • physical complaints of pain without a cause

These symptoms are similar for most people, but some substances lead to specific issues. For instance, people recovering from marijuana addiction often have strange dreams. And recovering from a benzodiazepine addiction can trigger obsessive-compulsive disorder or schizophrenia.

If you have acute withdrawal symptoms, they’ll set in immediately after detox. Some people also experience PAWS after that, but it may not set right away. You might not even have symptoms until 1-2 months into abstinence. Those symptoms might ebb and flow over time, or be triggered by stressful events.

The Causes of PAWS

When you consistently overuse a substance for a long time, it can make long-lasting changes to brain function. Usually, those changes are in the emotional or behavioral control centers. ((Abuse, N. I. on D. (2022, March 22). Drugs, Brains, and Behavior: The Science of Addiction. National Institute on Drug Abuse. https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugs-brains-behavior-science-addiction/drugs-brain)) This explains why most PAWS symptoms are psychological.

How PAWS Affects Treatment

PAWS is frustrating at best. And at worst, it can interfere with your recovery. Data shows that PAWS is a common cause of relapse. ((Melemis, S. M. (2015). Relapse prevention and the five rules of recovery. The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 88(3), 325–332. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4553654/))

Stressful events can be triggers, and starting residential treatment is stressful. It’s no wonder that PAWS can get worse when you arrive at rehab. In this early stage of recovery, patients’ ability to deal with stress is already reduced by recent substance abuse. Add in lack of sleep, mood swings, or increased anxiety, and it gets very difficult to stay focused on recovery.

In this phase of treatment, patients are still learning healthy coping skills.

PAWS can mirror the same feelings that lead to addiction.

If you used alcohol to deal with anxiety, then PAWS-related anxiety might be even harder to handle. Or, if you used benzos to sleep, insomnia caused by PAWS might trigger cravings.

These symptoms can lead to other mental health issues. For instance, PAWS might make you feel like you’re not making any progress. You might wonder why you’re still dealing with the lingering effects of your addiction long after you’ve stopped using. People with PAWS sometimes even “catastrophize their chances of recovery.” ((Melemis, S. M. (2015). Relapse prevention and the five rules of recovery. The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 88(3), 325–332. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4553654/)) And these fears are valid. But with the right coping strategies, you can avoid relapse and recover from your addiction.

Plan for Success in Rehab

Recovery means more than quitting a substance. After detox, you’ll face the emotional issues that caused your addiction in the first place. It’s a lot for anyone to handle, even with professional support. And during early recovery, people are especially vulnerable to stress. (The Rebound Effect. (n.d.-a). Substance Misuse Prevention Newsletter: A Collection of Readings, 4(4). Thankfully, you can use certain techniques to manage that stress. And that’s the first step in healing from PAWS.

Come Prepared

You can prepare for PAWS even before you start detox. If you’re in inpatient treatment, you’ll be surrounded by experts who know how to help. If you’re not in rehab, you can talk to your doctor, therapist, or another healthcare provider. They’ll help you come up with a plan to manage ongoing symptoms. Then, if and when you’re triggered, you’ll already know what to do first.

Build Your Support System

Community support is vital to addiction recovery. ((Social support and stress as predictors of relapse in early recovery from alcohol and substance abuse—ProQuest. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/openview/89aae0f1bce52fe4e89b92a9caaa3bee/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y)) In residential rehab, you can connect with other patients in the program. And outside a program, there are many different places to find support. Start by telling your therapist or doctor what symptoms you’re experiencing, so they can help you manage them. You can also attend group therapy or support groups to find peers going through the same thing.

Let your loved ones know how you’re feeling. Some symptoms, like mood swings or irritability, can put a strain on your relationships. By telling your support network about your symptoms, you’re offering them validation and support. In turn, that will help them support you.

Give Yourself Time Limits

A lot of people struggle with concentrating when they’re going through PAWS. And it can be frustrating to feel like you can’t focus. But there are several ways to work through this common symptom.

Instead of forcing yourself to concentrate, set a timer. Give yourself a limited amount of time to focus on one task. Start small. Limit yourself to 10 or 15 minutes, and then take a break. As your attention span improves, you can gradually increase the amount of time on the timer. Gradually increase the amount of time as you notice you’re able to concentrate for longer.

Keep Moving

Physical exercise can be a valuable part of addiction treatment. Staying active gives you a way to focus your excess energy. It also lets you practice new coping skills, which you can continue using in every stage of recovery. And best of all, the benefits of physical activity match up with some of the most common issues caused by PAWS.

Physical fitness improves both physical and mental health. ((CDC. (2022, June 16). Benefits of physical activity. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.)) Specifically, it helps people sleep, reduces anxiety and depression, and improves thinking and judgment skills. Keeping active can also help you manage your stress, which may help prevent flare-ups.

As effective as physical activity can be, it’s not right for everyone. If your body is still recovering from addiction, you might not be ready for strenuous exercise. That’s also true for people with chronic conditions, including chronic pain. It’s important to know your own limits. The better you understand your needs, the more easily you can meet them.

Learn Your Triggers

Because stressful events can intensify PAWS, managing stress can help you heal. Start by identifying stressful situations. In some cases, you can avoid these. If reality TV stresses you out, you can just change the channel. But it’s not always that simple. Sometimes, types of stress are unavoidable. For instance, talking about trauma in therapy can be stressful. But that doesn’t mean you should avoid it. Instead, prepare yourself before entering these situations. Rehab can help you grow coping skills you can use to face triggers.

Be Patient With Yourself

It can take anywhere from 6 to 24 months to recover from PAWS. ((Carty , B. (2016). Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome. University of Texas Health School of Biomedical Informatics. https://sbmi.uth.edu/heroes/documents/Post-Acute-Withdrawal.pdf?language_id=1)) Some people may find themselves dealing with it for years after that. Eventually, though, your symptoms will go away. Until then, be patient with your progress. Celebrate small wins. Some days may be more difficult than others, but every moment is another step forward. Treatment can also pave the way for a faster recovery—or just an easier one.

Treatment Options for PAWS

Coping strategies are essential, but they’re just one part of healing. You can also make use of more formal treatments to heal from PAWS. ((Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS) | Semel institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.semel.ucla.edu/dual-diagnosis-program/News_and_Resources/PAWS)) Talk to your care team to see which of these options fits into your recovery plan:

  • medications, such as acamprosate ((Post-Acute Withdrawal Syndrome (PAWS) | Semel institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.semel.ucla.edu/dual-diagnosis-program/News_and_Resources/PAWS)) for recovery from alcohol addiction, or methadone ((Protracted Withdrawal.(2010). Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/d7/priv/sma10-4554.pdf)) for recovery from opioid use disorder
  • psychotherapy
  • behavioral therapy
  • group therapy sessions

Depending on your needs, these modalities may be a good fit in many stages of recovery. Because of this, they can help treat long-term symptoms of PAWS. Some treatments, like talk therapy, may even be helpful long after you complete inpatient rehab.

Managing PAWS Is a Step Toward Recovery

Early recovery can be overwhelming. Your life is changing rapidly—and so is your brain chemistry. PAWS symptoms can make it feel hard to keep up.

Remember that you set the pace of your recovery. There’s no external timeline you have to follow. By accepting your own symptoms, you can practice self-compassion and self-love. And that’s an important part of healing from addiction.

Don’t let PAWS get in the way of your recovery. Connect with an inpatient rehab center to learn about their treatment methods, onsite medical care, pricing, and more.

Reviewed by Rajnandini Rathod