Addiction doesn’t just affect your habits. It drains your energy, disrupts your focus, and even changes how your cells work. That’s why more people are trying NAD IV therapy, a natural and experimental treatment.
NAD stands for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme that helps your cells make energy, repair damage, and support brain function.
Although the research is limited, some suggest that when your NAD+ levels are low, you can feel tired, unfocused, and stuck. Replenishing them with an IV infusion might help you feel clearer, stronger, and more like yourself again.
Note: The following is a list of potential ways that NAD IV Therapy can support recovery. However, it should be noted that the evidence and research on this experiential treatment are limited.
1. Restore Energy and Beats That “Wiped Out” Feeling
Addiction doesn’t just wear you out; it messes with your brain, mood, and even your cells’ ability to do their job. That’s why some people are turning to NAD IV therapy to help their bodies bounce back.
NAD is a coenzyme that boosts energy production, supports mental clarity, and helps your body heal on a cellular level. All of the things that are important during recovery.
NAD and ATP
NAD helps your cells make ATP, or adenosine triphosphate,1 which is the fuel your body runs on. If your body doesn’t have enough NAD+, you can feel tired and worn out. NAD IV therapy addresses this by boosting your NAD+ levels. This treatment may be able to help recharge your cells, support your brain function, and increase energy levels.
Less Tired and More Motivated
After an NAD IV infusion, many people feel motivated and less tired. It’s like giving your body and brain a jumpstart when running on empty. By refueling your NAD+ levels, this treatment may support cellular energy, clears up brain fog, and help you feel more focused and alive. That boost can make a big difference when you’re working through recovery.
2. Ease Cravings and Withdrawal
When you are going through withdrawal or experiencing craving, your brain and body are trying to reset, and that takes a lot of energy and support. NAD IV therapy may help by calming the brain, balancing your mood, and easing those cravings. It gives your body what it needs to heal so you don’t feel like you’re fighting the process alone.
Balance Chemicals Naturally
In early recovery, brain chemistry is negatively impacted. Having assistance balancing chemicals in the brain and enhancing NAD+ levels through an IV infusion, can help your body stay focused and steady. It’s like giving your brain a bit of backup when it needs it most.
3. Impact Focus and Lift Brain Fog
It can be hard to think clearly or stay focused when recovering from addiction or in the early stages of the recovery process. That’s because your brain is still healing and trying to regain balance. NAD IV therapy can help by supporting your neurons2 and boosting cognitive function, which means clearer thinking and better concentration.
NAD Helps Support Cognitive Function
When your brain is working better, everything from focusing at work or in class to making decisions gets easier. That’s why NAD IV therapy can be such a game-changer during recovery. It helps your mind catch up with your body. Feeling sharp again can boost your confidence and keep you moving forward.
4. Repair and Protect Your Cells
Addiction puts serious strain on your body and can mess with your cellular health, slowing down how your cells repair and protect themselves. This stress affects your mitochondria,3 lowers your NAD+ levels, and increases oxidative stress, which can make you feel run-down.
NAD IV therapy helps by boosting cellular energy, supporting DNA repair, and activating sirtuins: proteins that protect your cells.4 It’s like giving your body a fresh start at the cellular level so you can begin to heal and feel stronger every day.
Sirtuins help your cells stay healthy, especially when they’re under stress from addiction. With NAD IV therapy, you’re not only boosting energy, but you’re helping your body repair damage and fight oxidative stress.
5. Impact Aging and Support of Overall Wellness
Substance use can hasten the aging process, making you feel older than you are, both mentally and physically. It can lower your NAD+ levels, damage cells, and slow down how your body repairs itself. NAD IV therapy helps fight this by supporting anti-aging benefits5 like DNA repair, better cellular function, and less oxidative stress. It’s a way to help your body feel refreshed, restored, and more like its younger, healthier self.
Your Body’s Natural Repair System
Though the research is limited and more needs to be done to determine its clinical efficacy, NAD may be able to help your body fix itself on a cellular level by boosting DNA repair, improving cellular metabolism, and fighting oxidative stress.
NAD IV therapy may be able to boost your overall health6 by supporting energy production, brain function, and even your digestive system. Some believe that by raising your NAD+ levels, you’re helping your whole body work better, from your cells to your mood. For many, this experimental treatment provides a natural way to feel stronger, clearer, and more balanced every day.
6. Boost Metabolism and May Support Weight Loss
Your body goes through a lot in recovery, and weight changes can happen as your energy metabolism and digestive system adjust. NAD IV therapy helps support your cellular function and balance your energy levels, which can make it easier to manage weight loss or gain in a healthy way (some studies show NAD+ decreases BMI).7 It gives your body the boost it needs to stay on track while you heal.
Cellular Metabolism
Your body needs energy from food to function, and NAD plays a big part in making that happen. It helps with cellular metabolism, which means it turns what you eat into fuel by breaking down enzymes, proteins, and acids. With the help of NAD IV therapy, your body gets better at using nutrients, keeping your energy up and your system running smoothly.
7. Give Fast Hydration and Nutrition Through IV Infusion
When you get an IV drip, your body absorbs hydration and important nutrients faster than if you took them by mouth. This helps boost your energy levels, support your immune system, and keep you feeling your best, especially during recovery. Add NAD+ infusion to the mix, and you have a powerful combo for healing and overall well-being.
Unlike pills or powders, NAD IV therapy goes straight into your bloodstream through an intravenous infusion, so your body can use it right away. That means faster support for things like energy production, mental clarity, and cellular health. When you’re in recovery and want to feel better quickly, this kind of therapy can really make a difference.
Side Effects of NAD IV
It is important to note that research on NAD IV therapy is limited, but it can be safe when administered by a medical professional, such as a nurse or doctor.
Some people might feel a little warm, lightheaded, or have a headache during or after the IV infusion; these may go away quickly. But it’s always recommended to consult with a healthcare provider about your treatment plan and make sure it’s the right fit for you.
A Natural Step Toward Feeling Better?
NAD IV therapy may be able to give your body a natural boost when you’re going through recovery.
Ready to feel clearer, stronger, and more energized in recovery?
A:NAD IV therapy8 is used to boost your NAD+ levels, which helps with things like energy production, mental clarity, DNA repair, and overall cellular health. It may be helpful during addiction recovery, and people also use it for anti-aging, fighting chronic fatigue, and improving well-being.
Q: Are NAD infusions worth it?
A: Many people say yes, although the research is limited.9 NAD infusions can make you feel more energized, focused, and balanced by supporting your body at the cellular level. If you’re dealing with cravings, tiredness, or brain fog, anecdotal evidence suggests that it might be a great option to help you bounce back naturally. However, more robust studies are needed to show its efficacy.
Q: Is NAD IV therapy safe?
A: When it’s done by a trained nurse practitioner or doctor, NAD IV therapy is considered safe, although more research is needed in this area. It uses ingredients already found in your body and has been studied for use in many medical conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders and age-related issues.
Q: Does NAD IV therapy really work?
A: For many people, it helps increase energy levels, boost brain function, reduce oxidative stress, and even support weight management. It works with your body’s natural systems to help you feel better inside and out.
Q: What can I expect to feel after a NAD IV drip?
A: After an NAD IV drip, some people may notice better focus and less fatigue right away, while others feel the changes over a few days. Some people also report feeling more awake, motivated, and clear-headed.
Q: Are there any side effects?
A: Side effects are rare, but you might feel tired, flushed, or nauseous for a short time after your session. Drinking water before and after your IV drip can help ease those effects and support hydration.
Q: How long does an NAD IV therapy session take?
A: Most sessions last between 60 to 90 minutes, depending on your treatment plan. The first one might take longer, and after that, the time may decrease.
Q: How often should I get NAD IV therapy?
A: It depends on your goals. Some people go weekly or a few times a month, especially during recovery or high-stress times. A medical professional can help create a schedule that fits your needs and overall health.
Q: How much does NAD IV therapy cost?
A: Prices vary, but a single NAD treatment can cost anywhere from $200 to $1,000, depending on where you live and what’s included. Some places offer packages or discounts, so it’s worth asking about accessibility and options if it is a treatment that you want to explore.
Addiction is a complex journey, often marked by cycles of relapse and recovery, moments of profound despair, and ultimately, if one persists, incredible breakthroughs. It’s a deeply personal struggle, unique to each individual, yet sharing common threads of pain, denial, and the arduous path toward healing. As John, a guest on the Giving Voice to Addiction Podcast, eloquently puts it, “It’s just truly never too late to get started and get after this. Even if you’ve failed, you always get back up. Always.” His story offers a powerful testament to the possibility of finding profound and authentic recovery, even after years of struggle and multiple relapses. This article delves into the insights from John’s journey, exploring the critical elements that paved his way to lasting sobriety and offering actionable steps for those seeking their own path to healing.
1. Recognizing the Gradual Slide: When Fun Becomes a Problem
Many people’s relationship with substances begins innocently, perhaps as a social activity or a way to unwind. However, for those predisposed to addiction, this relationship can subtly shift, transforming from a source of enjoyment into a significant problem. John’s experience mirrors this progression, starting as a “weekend warrior” in college, then evolving into a “work hard, play hard” mentality in his consulting career. The insidious nature of addiction lies in its gradual escalation. As John recalls, it’s “such a graduated slide in where you start to feel more guilt about like, why am I doing this? Like, well, this is harder than it should be.”
This slow descent often involves a shift from recreational use to coping mechanism, where substances become a false “solution” to discomfort. John describes this as “being uncomfortable and seeking out a solution to that rather than really doing maybe work on the underlying foundation.” The illusion of a quick fix postpones the inevitable reckoning, as his college professors wisely observed about procrastinating tests: “You’re just postponing the pain.” Understanding this subtle but powerful shift is crucial for identifying when a problem is brewing. It’s not always about hitting a dramatic “rock bottom” initially, but rather recognizing the increasing reliance and negative consequences that slowly permeate one’s life.
Not all periods of abstinence are equal. John introduces the insightful distinction between being “good” and being “dry” in recovery. While both involve not consuming alcohol or drugs, the internal experience differs significantly. Being “good” means finding genuine happiness and peace, living authentically and in alignment with oneself. As John describes it, “Good where it truly just happy, like peaceful, like doing, living in a true manner, like true to myself.” This state is characterized by emotional well-being and a sense of inner harmony.
Conversely, being “dry” implies abstinence without inner peace. It’s a state of enduring sobriety, often fueled by anger, anxiety, and resentment. John notes, “Dry, it was more, a lot of anger, a lot of anxiety, resentments for sure. Um, maybe just life was too busy to even realize what was going on. So kind of cold, dry.” This distinction highlights the importance of addressing underlying emotional and psychological issues in recovery. Simply removing the substance without tending to the root causes of addiction can lead to a precarious and unfulfilling sobriety, vulnerable to relapse. True recovery aims for the “good,” a holistic state of well-being that extends beyond mere abstinence.
3. Confronting Denial and Asking for Help
Despite having a family history of recovery, John initially resisted seeking help. He describes this period as “more denial than anything.” He rationalized his continued use by pointing to his functional life: “I still had the job. I still had the feeling like I hadn’t lost yet.” This is a common characteristic of addiction – the individual is often the last to truly grasp the severity of their situation. The social cues of a seemingly normal life can serve as powerful tools for self-deception, allowing the addiction to deepen its roots.
However, the consequences eventually became undeniable. The deterioration of his first marriage and the painful distance from his daughter served as stark indicators of how far he had fallen. The first time he drank alone in the morning was a vivid and painful memory, a clear crossing of a moral line. “I think ’cause it is just so counter to morals, like so against everything I’d ever wanted to be, what I thought I was. But that’s how damn scary it is.” This realization, coupled with a period of intense, around-the-clock drinking that culminated in a harrowing three-day blackout, finally pushed him to a “broken” point. At this juncture, the only viable option was to ask for help. This step, though terrifying, marks the true beginning of a potential path to recovery.
4. The Uncomfortable Truth: Unearthing the “Why”
For years, John struggled to understand the “why” behind his relapses. He could articulate the immediate triggers or circumstances, but the deeper, underlying reasons remained elusive. It wasn’t until his most recent period of sobriety that he began to uncover the profound roots of his “not enoughness” and shame. This honesty, even about deeply painful childhood trauma, proved to be the pivotal shift. He recounted a traumatic childhood experience that, when shared with his mother, was met with dismissal and shame. This profoundly impacted his self-worth: “That just reinforced. Just nothing was good enough. Even your most vulnerable, the people that are supposed to protect you.”
This unaddressed trauma fueled a pervasive sense of inadequacy and shame, leading him to self-medicate and perpetuate the cycle of addiction. The death of his mother, paradoxically, brought a wave of anger that forced him to confront these buried emotions. He realized he was “polluting everything” with this unexpressed rage and shame. The turning point came with a desperate act – drinking mouthwash to avoid feeling the overwhelming emotions. This rock bottom, coupled with the realization that he hadn’t been “completely honest” even with himself and his therapists, propelled him into rigorous self-examination. “I don’t think that you don’t know till you’re slightly into it how. Freeing that truly can be to hear it in the rooms. You know, just painful. Just the most painfully, desperately honest, and I wasn’t.” Unearthing this core trauma and understanding its profound impact on his life was not easy, but it was essential for sustainable recovery. This deep dive into the “why” allowed him to finally address the underlying wounds that addiction had been masking.
5. The Value of Relapse and Resilient Recovery
While relapse is never desired, John’s story highlights how it can, paradoxically, serve as a catalyst for deeper healing when met with renewed commitment. He emphasizes that “relapse is not failure if you get back up.” Each fall, though increasingly difficult and accompanied by deeper shame, also provided invaluable lessons. The cumulative pain of repeated relapses ultimately led him to a point of utter exhaustion and desperation, forcing him to embrace radical honesty.
This renewed commitment, fueled by the weariness of constant falling, allowed him to genuinely internalize the lessons from his experiences. He could then look fellow individuals in recovery “dead in the eye” and genuinely tell them, “No, it will be okay. It can be okay.” This authenticity stems from lived experience, transforming his struggles into a source of genuine hope and guidance for others. The value lies not in the relapse itself, but in the unwavering determination to learn from it, to delve deeper into the root causes, and to continually strive for true healing. The scars of past relapses, rather than being badges of shame, become reminders of resilience and the profound strength gained from confronting one’s deepest fears.
6. Forgiveness and Authentic Connection
A critical component of John’s lasting recovery was finding the capacity for forgiveness, both for himself and for those who had inadvertently contributed to his pain. He described a profound moment of internal “group hug” with his parents, where he forgave them, understanding that “they genuinely were doing the best they could.” This act of letting go of resentment, particularly the belief that “you should have done more,” was incredibly liberating. It allowed him to shed the heavy burden of holding onto past injustices and embrace a more peaceful present.
This newfound peace paved the way for authentic relationships. John now describes his connections as “deep, wholesome, and genuine,” and he is “living an authentic version of yourself.” He finds joy in simply being himself – “goofy, silly, just witty” – without reservation or the need to wear a mask. This self-acceptance is mirrored in the acceptance he receives from his partner and son. He no longer perceives kindness as weakness, but rather as a strength that requires “work when stuff isn’t perfect to be like, well, there’s an answer in here somewhere. Let’s just go find it.” This shift from shame and anger to forgiveness and authenticity is a testament to the transformative power of deep recovery. It’s a journey that allows individuals to shed the burdens of the past and build a life rich with genuine connection and self-acceptance.
The Journey Continues
John’s story is a powerful reminder that recovery is a continuous process, a journey of self-discovery and growth. It underscores the vital importance of rigorous honesty, the courage to confront past traumas, and the resilience to rise after every fall. His ultimate message is one of profound hope: addiction is not hopeless. It may be terrifying and painful, but it is not hopeless.
If you or someone you know is struggling with addiction, remember that help is available and it’s never too late to start your journey toward authentic recovery. Resources such as Recovery.com offer a wide range of information, including treatment options and support systems.
Have you ever wondered if your drinking is “normal” or something more serious?
If you’re unsure, you’re not alone. Many people struggle to understand the line between casual alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorder (AUD)—especially when drinking is so normalized in social settings.
Important Note: This tool is not a medical diagnosis. It is meant to offer insight and spark reflection. If you’re concerned about your results or symptoms, speak with a qualified health care provider or mental health professional.
Why Take an Alcohol Use Disorder Self-Assessment?
Not all alcohol-related issues look the same. Some people binge drink occasionally and brush it off. Others drink daily but believe it’s under control. However, both patterns may signal something deeper, especially if the behavior continues despite negative consequences.
This questionnaire can help you:
Reflect on your drinking habits over the past year
Identify risk factors for alcohol dependence
Recognize early warning signs of alcohol use disorder
Understand if further alcohol treatment or brief intervention may be helpful
It’s not about shame or judgment—it’s about clarity. And with clarity comes choice.
Signs You Might Be Struggling With Alcohol Use Disorder
Whether or not you’ve taken a formal test, there are signs that your relationship with alcohol may be affecting your health and well-being.
Common red flags include:
Needing to drink alcohol to relax, socialize, or sleep
Feeling guilty or defensive about your alcohol consumption
Trying and failing to cut back on drinking
Experiencing cravings or irritability when not drinking
Prioritizing alcohol over relationships, work, or self-care
Noticing short-term memory issues, sleep problems, or emotional swings
These patterns may suggest more than just heavy drinking. They may reflect an alcohol use disorder, as outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5).
When Drinking Harms Your Health
Alcohol doesn’t just affect your behavior. It can also impact your health on nearly every level. From your brain and liver to your heart and immune system, long-term or heavy drinking can lead to serious health problems, including:
Liver disease, including fatty liver and cirrhosis
High blood pressure and heart complications
Suppressed immune function
Increased risk of depression, anxiety, and other mental health conditions
Higher chance of developing certain cancers
For people with an existing substance use disorder or mental health challenges, alcohol often worsens symptoms and makes treatment options more complex.
What If Your Score Is High?
A high score doesn’t mean you’re broken or beyond help—it means you may benefit from support, evaluation, or intervention. Consider taking the following steps:
Talk to your primary care provider or a licensed counselor. They can interpret your results, screen for co-occurring mental health problems, and suggest addiction treatment options.
Explore outpatient or inpatient programs. These programs often combine medical care, therapy, and support groups.
Learn about detox: If you’re physically dependent, alcohol withdrawal can be dangerous. Medically supervised detox can help manage withdrawal symptoms safely.
Connect with peer-based resources: Groups like AA, SMART Recovery, and local support groups offer accountability and community.
What the Alcohol Addiction Test Can—and Can’t—Tell You
This self-assessment is a powerful tool, but it doesn’t replace personalized care. Here’s what it offers—and what it doesn’t:
It can:
Prompt honest reflection on your drinking habits
Identify patterns of alcohol abuse or risk
Motivate you to seek help, if needed
It can’t:
Diagnose AUD or other mental health conditions
Predict how your body will react to continued use
Factor in your unique background, trauma history, or support system
That’s why pairing this tool with guidance from healthcare professionals is the best path forward.
Who Should Take the Alcohol Use Disorder Test?
Consider taking the test if you:
Feel unsure or anxious about your drinking
Have experienced negative consequences related to alcohol
Are concerned for a loved one or want to support them with facts
Are exploring treatment options or ready to take the next step
Early action can prevent long-term harm and make healing easier.
Treatment and Support That Work
Recovery doesn’t look the same for everyone. Some benefit from residential rehab, while others thrive in outpatient care or with community support. The most effective alcohol treatment is:
Evidence-based: Includes approaches like CBT, motivational interviewing, and trauma-informed care.
Whole-person focused: Addresses both mental health and physical health needs.
Personalized: Respects your background, goals, and comfort level.
Remember, asking for help is not a weakness. It’s the beginning of reclaiming your life. The line between social drinking and alcohol addiction can be blurry—but you don’t have to figure it out alone. Whether you’re taking this test out of curiosity, concern, or crisis, it’s a meaningful step toward better health, awareness, and healing.
Your results don’t define you—but they can guide you.
A: The alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) is backed by global research and used by healthcare professionals as a reliable screening tool. While not diagnostic, it gives meaningful insight into your relationship with alcohol.
Q: Can I still have a problem if I don’t drink every day?
A: Yes. Binge drinking, occasional blackouts, or regular episodes of loss of control can still indicate a substance use disorder, even if you don’t drink daily.
Q: What if I feel fine but score high?
A: Alcohol-related consequences don’t always feel immediate. A high score may mean you’re at risk of developing health problems or alcohol dependence over time. It’s worth speaking to a healthcare provider for more insight.
Q: Is this test only for people who want to stop drinking completely?
A: No. The goal is to help you understand how alcohol affects your life—so you can make informed choices. Some people reduce drinking, others stop entirely, and some seek professional help.
Q: Should I be worried about withdrawal symptoms?
A: If you experience sweating, shakiness, anxiety, or seizures after stopping alcohol, seek medical help immediately. Alcohol withdrawal can be dangerous and should be managed by professionals.
Q: Can I help a loved one take the test?
A: Yes—but it’s best to offer the test with compassion, not pressure. Let them know you’re coming from a place of concern, and encourage them to review the results with a professional if they’re open to it.
When you’re dealing with mental health challenges or addiction, figuring out what kind of help you need can feel confusing and overwhelming. Maybe you’ve tried regular therapy sessions once a week, but it doesn’t feel like enough. Or perhaps you’re worried that checking into a hospital means being away from home for weeks.
That’s where the partial hospitalization program (PHP) comes in. It’s designed for people who need more support than weekly therapy sessions can provide, but don’t require round-the-clock medical supervision. Think of it as a middle ground—you’ll receive intensive treatment during the day, but you still get to sleep in your own bed at night.
Here’s everything you need to know about PHPs, from what to expect during treatment to whether this option might be right for you.
One quick note: You may see some programs called “high-intensity outpatient” instead of “partial hospitalization program.” The addiction medicine field updated their terminology in 2023 because these programs aren’t actually delivered in hospitals. It’s the same type of treatment. Throughout this article, we’ll use “PHP” since that’s the common term, but if you’re searching for programs, you might find them listed under either name.
1. What Is the Purpose of Partial Hospitalization?
The purpose of partial hospitalization programs is to provide intensive, structured treatment for those with mental health and substance use disorders while allowing them to live at home and attend to their daily lives. PHPs bridge the gap between inpatient care and outpatient therapy,1 offering a higher level of support than traditional outpatient services without requiring full-time hospitalization.
These treatment programs focus on stabilizing patients, improving their daily functioning, and equipping them with coping strategies necessary for recovery. PHPs also emphasize family involvement, helping to strengthen the support networks that are vital to long-term recovery success.
Assessment and evaluation: You’ll undergo a thorough assessment of your mental health status, substance use history, and individual needs to create a tailored treatment plan.
Individual therapy: One-on-one psychotherapy sessions with a licensed mental health professional help you explore personal issues, develop coping strategies, and address specific challenges.
Group therapy: Structured group sessions facilitate peer support, allowing you to share experiences and learn from others through approaches like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or dialectical behavior therapy (DBT).
Medication management: If you’re prescribed psychiatric medications, your clinicians can evaluate and adjust your medication plan.
Psychoeducation: Educational sessions provide information about mental health conditions, coping strategies, and recovery resources.
Holistic therapies: Some PHPs incorporate complementary therapies like art therapy, music therapy, mindfulness practices, or yoga to enhance your comfort and well-being.
Crisis intervention: Programs teach strategies to help you manage acute symptoms and prevent future hospitalizations.
Discharge planning: Providers work with you to develop a relapse prevention and continuing care plan, including referrals to outpatient therapy and community resources.
Severity of symptoms: You have significant symptoms of a mental health disorder or substance use disorder that need more intensive treatment than a standard outpatient setting can provide. This can include factors like suicidal thoughts, severe mood swings, or uncontrolled substance abuse.
Functional impairment: You’re experiencing considerable difficulty in daily functioning—work, relationships, or self-care—due to mental health or addiction issues.
Previous treatment history: PHPs work well for people who haven’t responded adequately to outpatient treatment or need transition support after inpatient care.
Stabilization needs: You need help stabilizing symptoms to prevent hospitalization or relapse, but you’re not in immediate danger.
Treatment commitment: You’re willing and able to actively participate in daily sessions and therapeutic activities.
PHPs especially benefit people with severe mental health disorders like major depression or bipolar disorder, those with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders, people transitioning from inpatient care, and those who are at risk of hospitalization but not in immediate crisis.
4. How Does PHP Compare to Other Treatment Options?
PHPs provide more comprehensive care than intensive outpatient programs (IOPs) but less restriction than inpatient treatment. Here’s how they compare:
PHP vs. Inpatient
A PHP allows you to return home each evening, while inpatient treatment requires 24/7 facility residence until you’re stable enough for a lower level of care.
PHP vs. Intensive Outpatient (IOP)
PHPs typically involve 3-6 hours of treatment daily, 5-7 days per week, while intensive outpatient programs (IOPs) usually offer 3-4 hours of treatment, 3-5 days per week. PHPs provide more intensive crisis intervention, while IOPs focus more on ongoing recovery skills.
This step-down approach often works well—you might start with PHP to stabilize your condition, then transition to IOP as you progress.
5. How Long Does PHP Treatment Last?
PHP duration varies significantly based on your treatment facility and your individual needs. Generally, programs last from several weeks to several months, with treatment offered 5-7 days per week for 3-6 hours daily.
Several factors influence length of stay:
The severity of your condition
Your response to treatment
Specific treatment goals
The presence of co-occurring disorders
Those with more severe issues may need longer programs, while people who show rapid improvement might transition to outpatient care sooner.
Is a PHP the Middle Ground You Need?
Partial hospitalization programs offer intensive support while letting you maintain important connections to home and family. If you or your loved one are struggling with mental health challenges or addiction, PHP could be the structured pathway to recovery you’ve been looking for.
Don’t wait for things to get worse. Find a program in your area and speak with an admissions advisor today to see if PHP is right for you.
FAQs
Q: Is transportation provided for PHP participants?
A: Many PHPs do not provide transportation, so participants are typically responsible for their own travel to and from the program. Some facilities may offer resources or referrals to assist with transportation options.
Q: Can I continue my medication while in a PHP?
A: Yes, PHPs often include medication management as part of the treatment plan. Participants can work with a psychiatrist or physician to evaluate and adjust their medications as needed throughout the program.
Q: What is the expected outcome of completing a PHP?
A: The goal of a PHP is to help you develop coping skills, stabilize your mental health, and prepare for a successful transition to outpatient care, ensuring you have the tools and support necessary for ongoing recovery.
Q: How can I find a suitable partial hospitalization program?
A: To find a PHP that fits your needs, consider speaking with a mental health professional, researching local facilities, or checking with your insurance provider for covered programs in your area.
“You know, but some of us need to speak out because too many people are dying. And there’s these, you know, back in the day when AA started, there weren’t these drugs that were killing people first time. Yes. And it’s a scary place. So we need a few soldiers out there that are willing to do this.” – Ben Fisher
The journey of addiction and recovery is deeply personal, often marked by profound challenges and ultimately, immense triumph. For many, the path to sobriety is not just about abstaining from substances, but about rediscovering purpose, rebuilding connections, and transforming past experiences into powerful tools for change. Ben Fisher, the creative force behind “A String of Hope,” embodies this transformation, channeling his own battles with addiction into a platform that resonates with millions seeking mental health and addiction recovery.
1. The Genesis of a Troubled Connection: Music, Identity, and Early Exposure
Ben Fisher’s journey with addiction began at a surprisingly young age, interwoven with his passion for music and the perceived glamour of the rock and roll lifestyle. At just 12 years old, while playing guitar at a family gathering, he was handed a Budweiser by a “drunk uncle.” The experience was immediate and profound. “That wave hit me of, you know, feeling that for the first time at 12. And my 12-year-old brain was like, this is it. This is what I need to feel normal. It was like a switch flipped in me.”
This pivotal moment, however, wasn’t an isolated incident but rather a culmination of earlier influences. At seven, watching Jimi Hendrix at Woodstock, Ben was captivated, feeling a deep connection to the artist’s ability to move people through music. He began to idolize musicians who, despite their artistic brilliance, were also known for their struggles with addiction and alcoholism. This early association between rock stardom and substance abuse became a dangerous blueprint in his young mind. “I idolized them and I’m like, okay. So I have to live that lifestyle if I want to be that person. So I leaned into that at an early age.” This narrative highlights how formative experiences and environmental factors can inadvertently lay the groundwork for future struggles.
2. The Illusion of Control: Balancing Dual Lives
As Ben grew older, his addiction progressed, but so did his ability to compartmentalize. He maintained a starkly contrasting dual life: the party-hardy musician embracing the “rockstar lifestyle” and the dedicated worship leader at his church. “My entire drinking career and drinking and drug career, I was living two different people,” he recounts. “One was the party rockstar lifestyle and the other was the guy playing music at church.”
This ability to hide his struggles, particularly his burgeoning addiction to opiate pain medication, became a defining characteristic of his early adult life. He meticulously concealed his substance use from his girlfriend, who would later become his wife. “She knows nothing about it,” he said of his wife’s unawareness of his opiate addiction. “I was really good at hiding it and I hid it all, all through my life.” This functional addiction, where individuals maintain a semblance of normalcy despite severe substance use, can prolong the denial phase and delay seeking help. The façade of functionality can be incredibly isolating, as the individual carries the immense burden of their secret.
3. The Progressive Nature of Addiction: From Beer to Opiates
Ben’s story serves as a stark reminder of addiction’s progressive nature. What began with underage drinking escalated significantly in college, where he engaged in heavy pot use and occasional cocaine use. The turning point, however, came after a painful breakup when a coworker introduced him to opiate pain medication. “I tried them and they made me feel better. They made me feel way better.” This moment marked a new and more insidious phase of his addiction, as opiates offered an even more potent escape from emotional discomfort.
His reliance on opiates became so entrenched that he eventually sought Suboxone, initially buying it on the street before obtaining a legitimate prescription. The fear of his then-fiancée discovering his secret prompted a dangerous decision: cold-turkey withdrawal from Suboxone. This decision, made without medical supervision, led to a grueling, month-long withdrawal period that he endured alone, further illustrating the desperate lengths individuals will go to hide their addiction. “If you know anything about that, I know it’s a medication that’s great for helping people get off, but you have to taper down, step down very slowly. I went cold Turkey. It was the worst experience I’ve ever gone through. And nobody knew I was going through it. I went through it alone.” This dangerous self-detoxification further entrenched his alcohol use as a coping mechanism.
4. The Crushing Weight of Secrecy: Hiding in Plain Sight
The emotional toll of leading a double life, particularly from the person he loved most, was immense. Ben’s wife was unaware of his opiate addiction for seven years, even as they fell in love, got engaged, and bought a house. “That’s gotta be heavy on you,” the podcast host observes. “To not only just going through that addiction, but to hide such a huge part of you and what you’re going through from the person that you care so much about.”
The constant vigilance required to maintain this deception, coupled with the escalating demands of his addiction, undoubtedly contributed to his internal suffering. The pressure to maintain a “functional” exterior, even as his internal world crumbled, is a common theme in addiction. This sustained psychological burden can lead to increased anxiety, depression, and a deeper sense of shame.
5. The Fall from Grace: Losing Purpose and Community
A crucial turning point in Ben’s descent was the exposure of his addiction to his church community. His daily ritual of buying and consuming cheap vodka, even while driving, highlights the pervasive nature of his alcohol dependence. The moment of reckoning came when his eight-month pregnant wife found him passed out in his car, a bottle of vodka beside him. Her call to a friend at the church, whose husband was in recovery, ultimately led to Ben being pushed out of his role as worship leader.
“I ended up later in life becoming a worship leader, music director at a church… That broke me in my drinking. Then I was already at blackout stage. So then we were at the point where it’s like treatment, like what are we gonna do here?” This loss of his perceived identity and community, a place where he had found a sense of purpose through music, was devastating. While initially harboring resentment, Ben later recognized the complex dynamics at play, acknowledging that the church, in its vulnerable state, was also trying to protect itself. This incident underscores the profound impact addiction can have on relationships and one’s sense of self-worth.
6. The “Rock Bottom” That Changed Everything: His Daughter’s Safety
Ben’s true rock bottom arrived on Easter Sunday, 2016. After blacking out while caring for his infant daughter the day before, he woke up on his parents’ couch with no recollection of the events. The realization that his addiction had jeopardized his daughter’s safety was the jolt he needed.
“What she told me, just, it absolutely scared the life outta me because again, my daughter is everything to me. I, I love her more than the world. And, um, like I, I get emotional just thinking about it because, you know, something bad could have happened and, and I, if I didn’t go to jail, if something bad happened, I, I can tell you I probably wouldn’t be here ’cause I wouldn’t wanna live after that.” This moment, devoid of grand dramatic consequences like incarceration or near-death experiences, was nonetheless profoundly impactful. It demonstrates that “rock bottom” is subjective and deeply personal; for Ben, the threat to his child’s well-being was enough to trigger a fundamental shift. The immediate consequence of being asked to leave his home until he sought help further solidified his resolve.
7. The First Steps of Recovery: 90 Meetings in 90 Days
With his marriage on the line and the terrifying realization of his actions, Ben committed to recovery. His first concrete step was embracing the “90 meetings in 90 days” approach, a common recommendation in 12-Step programs. Despite his introverted nature, he dedicated himself to attending meetings daily. “I was going to meetings every day. I was sitting there and I never talked at any meetings. Like, you would’ve never seen me doing anything like this.”
This initial immersion in the recovery community, even without active participation in sharing, provided a crucial foundation of support and exposure to the principles of sobriety. It allowed him to absorb the experiences of others, gradually eroding the isolation that had characterized his addiction. This structured approach to early recovery provides consistency and a sense of routine, which can be invaluable in navigating the initial turbulent stages of sobriety.
8. Redefining Higher Power: A Personal Journey of Spirituality
Ben’s past role as a worship leader presented a unique challenge in his recovery journey, particularly concerning the concept of a “higher power” in 12-Step programs. He admitted to holding resentment towards organized religion. However, the flexibility of “God of your understanding” resonated deeply. “I loved how they said God of your understanding. And I latched onto that ’cause I’m like, I don’t understand the God that I have been leading worship too for other people. I don’t understand him right now.”
This willingness to redefine his spiritual beliefs on his own terms allowed him to engage with the spiritual aspect of recovery without feeling constrained by traditional religious dogma. This personal interpretation of a higher power is a cornerstone of many recovery programs, allowing individuals from diverse backgrounds to find a spiritual path that supports their sobriety.
9. Finding New Obsessions: The Power of Purposeful Action
Beyond attending meetings, Ben recognized the vital need to actively engage in something meaningful. He embraced the idea of finding “new addictions” or, more accurately, healthy obsessions. “I gotta, I gotta do something with myself. Yeah. You have to find something to kind of like dive into. That’s a huge part of my recovery story and what I..tell people is like, get busy doing something. Find something you love and do it. Find a new addiction, really obsession.”
This proactive approach to filling the void left by substance use is crucial for sustained recovery. For Ben, this translated into tangible projects, like building a playhouse, which provided a sense of accomplishment and a healthy outlet for his energy.
10. A String of Hope: Connecting Through Vulnerability
Ben’s journey eventually led him to create “A String of Hope,” a platform dedicated to mental health, addiction recovery, and personal growth. This endeavor is a powerful manifestation of his core desire, recognized only in recovery, to connect deeply with others. “I thought when I saw Jimi Hendrix that day, I thought what I wanted to be was a rockstar. And what I really wanted to do is harness what he had to connect to people.”
Through candid storytelling and motivational insights, Ben fosters a community of support and resilience, turning his past struggles into a beacon of hope for others. This act of service, of sharing his vulnerability and insights, has become his ultimate purpose, allowing him to impact millions. “I know now, today with the cute little videos that I do, I’m able to do that… Now I’m realizing like it was never about being a rock star and like performance, it was about connecting to people.” This demonstrates the profound healing that can occur when individuals transform their personal pain into a source of inspiration for others.
11. The Ongoing Journey: Life Beyond Addiction
Ben Fisher’s story is a testament to the transformative power of recovery. His life, now marked by sobriety and purpose, is rich with opportunities to connect and inspire. From a young boy captivated by a rockstar’s image to a man who understands the true meaning of connection, Ben’s journey highlights the continuous process of growth and self-discovery in sobriety. His story underscores the importance of seeking help, even when the path is difficult, and the profound impact that finding a new purpose can have on long-term recovery.
“Here I am today and life is so much better. And I’ve had so many opportunities like this to do.” His ongoing commitment to sharing his story, even as an introverted individual, showcases the strength and conviction that can emerge from overcoming adversity. Recovery is not a destination but a continuous process of self-improvement, resilience, and a commitment to a life lived fully and authentically.
The journey to sobriety is often paved with isolation, shame, and the daunting belief that one’s struggles are singular and insurmountable. Yet, as Riley Whelan, a prominent TikTok creator and sober advocate, eloquently shares on Recoverycast, the path to healing often begins with the liberating realization that you are not, in fact, “uniquely broken.” Her candid account of battling ADHD, addiction, and relapse offers a powerful narrative of resilience, highlighting the transformative power of self-acceptance, community, and professional support.
1. The Genesis of a Problem: Early Exposure and Self-Medication
Riley’s story begins in Louisville, Kentucky, a place where, as she describes, drinking at a young age was “very normal.” Starting at 13, her initial encounters with alcohol were seemingly innocent—a means to “fit in, have fun,” and emulate what she perceived as normalcy. However, even from the outset, her consumption patterns diverged significantly from her peers. “I never drank normally,” she recalls, “like the first time I ever drank it was in excess and I don’t even really remember that much of it, but I knew that I wanted to keep doing it.”
This early immersion quickly escalated. By high school, drinking became the anticipated weekend ritual, and marijuana entered the picture as a daily “maintenance” tool. What started as a desire for connection subtly transformed into a dependence, an unconscious attempt to fill a void. Riley later identified this void as stemming from undiagnosed depression and anxiety, coupled with ADHD. The substances, particularly marijuana, served as a crude form of self-medication, quieting the relentless noise of her mind and offering a fleeting sense of calm.
2. The Illusion of Control: The Isolation of a Secret Battle
As her substance use progressed, so did its insidious grip, fostering a profound sense of isolation. While early use involved social settings, Riley increasingly preferred to use alone, retreating into a private world fueled by addiction. This solitary consumption further cemented the belief that her struggles were unique, a secret burden she carried. “Those things really isolated me too,” she reflects. “Like just from the world in general. I thought I was uniquely, I thought I was unique…Uniquely broken. Yeah…and it just turns out I was an alcoholic and it’s okay.”
This feeling of being “uniquely broken” is a common thread among those battling addiction. The shame and stigma associated with substance use often prevent individuals from seeking help or even acknowledging their struggles to others. This internal battle can exacerbate mental health symptoms, creating a vicious cycle. The inability to articulate or even recognize these feelings at a young age, as Riley explains, further compounded her isolation. She “had no idea what I was experiencing,” only that it was “unsettling.”
3. The Family Dynamic: Unintended Enabling and the “Playbook” of Discipline
Riley’s high school years were marked by escalating challenges, as her family grappled with her increasingly concerning behaviors. Despite her parents’ love and efforts, their approach to her substance use largely followed a traditional “playbook” of discipline rather than open dialogue about underlying issues. “It was never, and like, this is no, no shade to like my parents or anything because I have no idea what it’s like to be a parent to me,” Riley clarifies, acknowledging the difficulty of parenting an adolescent struggling with addiction.
She describes how her parents’ response was primarily disciplinary – “if you get caught drinking when we catch you drinking, when they would catch me drinking, it was like, you’re grounded. Like, we don’t even understand. We don’t know why you’re doing this.” This common parental response, while well-intentioned, often falls short in addressing the complex nature of addiction, especially when coupled with a genetic predisposition. Alcoholism ran on both sides of Riley’s family, a crucial factor that often goes unaddressed in early interventions.
4. The Geographical Cure: A Cross-Country Illusion
By her early twenties, Riley’s life was spiraling. Kicked out of her parents’ home and facing eviction, she impulsively embarked on a cross-country journey to California, driven by the misguided belief that a change of scenery would solve her problems. “I told myself if I just made a geographical change that I… don’t think I’m the only person that’s ever like fall fallen victim to that,” she admits. This phenomenon, often termed the “geographical cure,” is a common, yet ultimately ineffective, coping mechanism for individuals struggling with addiction. The underlying issues that fuel addiction are internal, and simply changing one’s environment rarely addresses them.
Her time in California, coinciding with the onset of COVID-19, only exacerbated her addiction. “Things did not get better. They got worse,” she states, emphasizing that addiction, like a shadow, follows wherever one goes. This period was marked by increasingly reckless behavior and a growing dependence on alcohol, further isolating her from her family, with whom she had minimal contact, primarily reaching out only “when I needed something.”
5. The Turning Point: Rock Bottom and the Call for Help
The illusion of the “geographical cure” shattered when Riley, after six and a half months in California, was gently nudged back to Kentucky. Stripped of distractions and in constant confrontation with her addiction, she hit rock bottom. “I was like in survival mode. And it was just me and my alcoholism,” she recalls. The pain became unbearable, a daily yearning “just wishing the pain would go away.”
The true catalyst for change came from her sisters, who confronted her with a heartbreaking truth: “we love you so much, but this is, this is like not our sister that we know… we have looked up to you our whole lives and this is what you’ve become.” This raw honesty, delivered by those she held dearest, penetrated the denial and shame, finally breaking through her resistance. At this point, she was “willing to do whatever was necessary” to get help, marking a crucial shift from unwilling participant to active seeker of recovery. This willingness, as Riley emphasizes, is paramount. Even with all the facts and support, true change only occurs when the individual is ready.
6. Entering Treatment: The Reality of Recovery, Not a “Normal Drinker”
Riley’s first foray into treatment was born out of desperation and a fundamental misunderstanding of what recovery entailed. Still under the influence upon arrival, she harbored the misconception that treatment would teach her “how to drink better.” This highlights a common initial expectation among those entering recovery – the desire to control their substance use rather than abstain entirely.
However, treatment quickly dispelled this illusion. It was the first time she truly confronted the definition of alcoholism and recognized herself in every symptom. “I had such an idea, locked in idea of what I thought an alcoholic was. That was like an older adult who had lost everything… and I thought I was way too young to be an alcoholic.” This self-realization, coupled with exposure to other individuals in recovery, proved to be a profound turning point. Connecting with others who shared similar experiences, even those much older, fostered a sense of belonging and dissolved the intense isolation she had felt. “It was cathartic,” she explains. “Because I had never, I had not grown up with anybody that I knew, or that I felt like experienced what I experienced and only it, it only an alcoholic can really get through to another alcoholic.”
This shared experience in a supportive environment, as she points out, is crucial for breaking down the shame and self-blame that often accompany addiction. Seeing others who had engaged in similar behaviors but were now getting healthy provided a powerful sense of hope and validation.
7. The Enduring Truth: “It Gets Better”
Riley’s most poignant piece of advice, shared at the beginning of her interview, encapsulates the essence of her journey: “It gets better.” This simple yet profound statement, while initially seeming generic, has been undeniably proven true throughout her sobriety. For her younger self, struggling with unidentifiable anxieties and a pervasive feeling of being “less than,” such a concept would have been incomprehensible. But through the arduous process of confronting her addiction, seeking help, and building a life in recovery, the meaning of “better” has become tangible.
Her story is a testament to the fact that addiction is a complex disease, not a moral failing. Recognizing this distinction is fundamental to fostering self-compassion and seeking appropriate care. While the path to recovery is often messy and challenging, it is undeniably “beautiful, and absolutely worth it.” The journey out of isolation and into a supportive community is not only possible but essential.
Riley’s advocacy, through her TikTok platform, now helps countless others navigate their own journeys, offering a vibrant voice of hope and reminding everyone that “none of us have to do it alone.” If you or someone you know is struggling with addiction, remember Riley’s words: “It really does get better.” Help is available, and finding the right support can make all the difference.
The intoxicating roar of a stadium, the adrenaline of competition, the unwavering devotion of fans — for many athletes, this is the pinnacle of existence. Yet, what happens when the cheers fade, the spotlight dims, and a different kind of silence sets in? For Montee Ball, a former NFL running back and Wisconsin Badger legend, the transition from gridiron glory to everyday life brought with it unexpected challenges, particularly a burgeoning struggle with alcohol. His story offers a powerful glimpse into the psychological and emotional landscape of athletes grappling with identity, purpose, and the unforeseen chemical dependencies that can emerge when the high of the game is no longer a constant.
“When you have 80, 90,000 people screaming your name and that high that you get,” Ball reflects, “that’s not gonna be forever.” This profound truth underscores a critical, often overlooked aspect of athletic careers: the intense dopamine rush and the unique chemical dependencies that can develop from sustained high-performance environments. When these external sources of validation and excitement are removed, individuals may find themselves adrift, seeking familiar highs in unhealthy ways. For Ball, this void was filled by alcohol, which he initially believed would “help me loosen up, something that would help me to get that high again.”
Understanding the Athlete’s High: Dopamine and the Desire for More
The life of a high-level athlete is characterized by intense physical exertion, rigorous training, and moments of profound triumph. These experiences trigger significant releases of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure, motivation, and reward. For athletes like Montee Ball, the constant pursuit of victory and the adulation of thousands of fans create a unique neurological landscape. The brain becomes accustomed to these heightened levels of dopamine, and when the external stimuli (the game, the crowd) are removed, a chemical void can emerge.
This isn’t merely about missing the thrill; it’s a physiological adjustment. The brain, seeking to restore its accustomed levels of dopamine, may drive individuals towards other sources of intense pleasure, whether that be substance use, gambling, or other high-risk behaviors. As Ball eloquently puts it, “How are you going to manage these chemical dependencies that are gonna come about, of course, right? With this release of dopamine, these happy hormones, like how are you going to manage that as well? Because that’s not gonna be forever.” This highlights a critical need for proactive preparation and education for athletes, recognizing that their brains are being conditioned in unique ways by their profession.
The Influence of Culture: When Partying Becomes the Norm
Montee Ball’s collegiate experience at the University of Wisconsin-Madison vividly illustrates how environmental factors can contribute to the development of substance use issues. Madison, known for its vibrant football culture and enthusiastic tailgating, presented a stark “cultural shock” for Ball, who hailed from a smaller town in Missouri. The pervasive drinking culture, where early morning celebrations extend late into the night, created an environment where excessive alcohol consumption was not just tolerated but often celebrated.
“Football is really gassed up around here… we really enjoy like football, tailgates, UW Badgers, but like we also kind of reward the, like, starting drinking at like 8:00 AM and going until 3:00 AM,” notes the Recoverycast co-host. This normalization of heavy drinking, coupled with the pedestalized status of athletes, can create a dangerous illusion. When an athlete is viewed as a “poster child” and given preferential treatment, it can be incredibly difficult to recognize and address a developing problem. The constant adulation and access to social settings where drinking is central can obscure the line between recreational use and dependency. This environment, while seemingly celebratory, can inadvertently foster unhealthy coping mechanisms.
The Weight of Expectations: Societal, Familial, and Personal Pressures
Beyond the cultural backdrop, athletes often face immense pressure from various sources. Societal expectations demand peak performance and an idealized public image. Familial pressures can involve upholding a legacy or providing financial support. For Montee Ball, being a “poster child for a wonderful football club” meant constantly striving for perfection, both on and off the field. These pressures, combined with the physical toll of the sport, can create a breeding ground for depression and anxiety.
Ball admits, “I was not prepared for these pressures that were coming along. And of course, alcohol was there for my cure as I believed.” This underscores a common pattern: when individuals lack healthy coping mechanisms for stress and emotional distress, they may turn to substances as a perceived solution. Alcohol, in this context, becomes a temporary escape from the weight of expectations, offering a fleeting sense of relief or emotional numbness. This reliance, however, only serves to deepen the underlying issues.
The Stigma of Silence: Why Athletes Don’t Ask for Help
One of the most significant barriers to recovery for athletes is the pervasive stigma surrounding mental health and substance use. The “macho” culture often prevalent in sports discourages vulnerability and the expression of emotions. Athletes are conditioned to project an image of strength, resilience, and invincibility. Admitting to a struggle, whether with mental health or addiction, can feel like a sign of weakness, potentially jeopardizing their career, reputation, or standing within their team.
Ball describes his internal struggle when a coach and teammate asked if he was struggling: “I do wish that I, you know, felt empowered to say that I’m struggling, that I need help, that I, I would love a little bit of advice.” The fear of being perceived as less capable or of losing one’s position on the team can lead to silence and denial. This stigma, as Ball notes, is “still quite the monster that’s keeping a lot of people silent… keeping the snowball going.” The perception that showing weakness will lead to negative consequences often outweighs the desperate need for support. This is particularly true for athletes, where their livelihood and identity are so intertwined with their physical and mental fortitude.
The Illusion of Connection: Feeling Alone in a Crowd
Despite being surrounded by thousands of cheering fans and a constant entourage of teammates and friends, athletes can experience profound feelings of isolation and loneliness. This paradox is a common theme in the stories of those grappling with mental health challenges and addiction. Montee Ball vividly articulates this feeling: “I can guarantee you that Chris [Farley’s brother] probably shared with you that there are many moments in his life where he had multiple bodies around him that knew him and that were calling him a friend, but he had no idea who they truly were.”
The superficiality of these relationships, often transactional and dependent on the athlete’s performance or status, leaves a deep emotional void. The constant need to “put on this act” and maintain a public persona can prevent genuine connection and vulnerability. The co-host shares a similar experience: “There is nothing scarier than being surrounded by people and feeling like you wanna cry because you’re, I’ve never felt so alone right now.” This intense emotional pain drives individuals to seek solace in external sources, often exacerbating the problem.
The Generational Gap: Learning to Open the Door to Emotions
Montee Ball’s upbringing in a “very wonderful household” with “very stoic” parents highlights a generational pattern in emotional expression. Many individuals, particularly men, grow up in environments where talking about feelings is not actively encouraged or modeled. Ball describes this experience: “No one locked the door, but nobody showed me how to open it. Or told me that it there was an option to open this door.” This lack of emotional literacy can lead to internalization of struggles, making it difficult to process complex emotions and seek help.
This “father playbook,” as one host describes it, often passes down a stoic approach to life that may no longer be applicable in modern society. When individuals are not equipped with the tools to navigate their emotional landscape, they become susceptible to self-sabotage and unhealthy coping mechanisms. Breaking this generational cycle requires conscious effort to create spaces for vulnerability and to teach emotional intelligence.
Hitting Rock Bottom: The Catalyst for Change
For many, the journey to recovery begins with a profound low point, a moment of reckoning that forces a re-evaluation of one’s life. For Montee Ball, this came in February 2016, when he landed in jail after a period of heavy intoxication and unkind behavior towards those around him. The irony of watching the Broncos win the Super Bowl from a jail cell, just months after being released by the team, served as a painful yet powerful catalyst.
“There was so much built up anger,” Ball recalls, reflecting on the experience. While undoubtedly a difficult period, he acknowledges it was “one that I needed for sure.” This moment of profound loss and humiliation forced him to confront the consequences of his actions and the depth of his addiction. It stripped away the last vestiges of his old identity and opened the door to a new path.
The Power of New Beginnings: Fatherhood as a Turning Point
While rock bottom can be a powerful motivator, the sustained commitment to recovery often stems from a deeper sense of purpose. For Montee Ball, the unexpected news of his son’s impending birth, just two weeks after his release from jail, served as a profound turning point. “When he was born, of course it was a, I will never touch this bottle again… He will never experience or ever see a drunk dad.”
This powerful resolve, fueled by the desire to be a present and healthy father, provided a compelling reason to embrace the arduous journey of recovery. While the initial spark came from his son, Ball emphasizes a crucial truth of recovery: “You have to do it for yourself first. You deserve it first more than anyone.” This highlights the dual nature of motivation in recovery: external motivators can initiate the process, but sustained recovery requires an internal commitment to self-worth and healing.
The Work of Recovery: Therapy, Meditation, and Self-Reflection
Recovery is not a passive process; it demands consistent effort and a willingness to confront uncomfortable truths. Montee Ball fully embraced this commitment, opting for intensive outpatient treatments and individual therapy, accumulating “over a hundred plus hours of therapy.” His journey of self-discovery led him to invaluable tools for managing his impulses and finding inner peace.
One of the key takeaways for Ball was the practice of meditation, not in the stereotypical sense, but as a deliberate act of creating “a space for yourself… to self-reflect.” For someone who described himself as “such an impulsive human being prior to even drinking,” learning to “widen that space before you respond” was transformative. This practice of pausing, reflecting, and choosing a thoughtful response rather than reacting impulsively is a cornerstone of emotional regulation and personal growth.
Therapy, for Ball, was not solely about addressing alcohol use; it was about confronting underlying issues, particularly his “relationship with yourself.” This often overlooked aspect of healing is crucial. While substance use disorder may manifest with outward symptoms, the deeper work involves addressing the emotional and psychological roots of the problem. As one host notes, “You can heal the body from substance use disorder, but to heal the soul… from with the mental health of it, that’s a different animal altogether.”
Breaking Down Barriers: The Need for Diverse Therapists
Montee Ball’s experience highlights a critical disparity in mental healthcare: the lack of black and brown therapists. When he sought professional help, he initially looked for a therapist he could “somewhat relate to on… the cultural aspect” but struggled to find one. This underscores the importance of cultural competence in therapy. Individuals from marginalized communities may face additional hurdles in seeking help due to historical mistrust, cultural norms, and a lack of therapists who understand their unique experiences.
“We need more black therapists, black and brown therapists,” Ball asserts. This call for increased diversity in the mental health profession is vital to ensuring that individuals from all backgrounds feel comfortable and understood when seeking support. When therapists share similar lived experiences, it can foster a deeper sense of trust and facilitate more effective healing.
Redefining Identity and Finding Purpose Beyond the Game
Montee Ball’s journey is a powerful testament to the possibility of redefining identity and finding purpose beyond a singular, celebrated role. His willingness to speak openly about his struggles with alcoholism and mental health, transforming his platform into a force for good, demonstrates a profound shift in priorities. He now travels the country speaking to students, athletes, and communities, advocating for vulnerability, seeking help, and choosing a new path.
This transition from athlete to advocate is not merely a career change; it’s a redefinition of self. The “inner reflection” and “peace” found through therapy and self-work enabled him to “give up one identity to get to the next place.” This new identity is rooted in authenticity, service, and a deeper understanding of self. It exemplifies the transformative power of recovery and the potential for individuals to leverage their past experiences to inspire and uplift others.
Individuals may want to know how long drugs remain in their system for various reasons, including preparing for drug tests, understanding withdrawal timelines, and managing potential health risks.
Knowledge of drug detection windows can help users make informed decisions about their substance use and navigate legal or employment-related requirements.
However, it’s important to exercise caution, as seeking this information can lead to risky behaviors such as drug use right before testing or attempting to manipulate results.
Biological and Substance-Specific Factors
The duration for which drugs stay in an individual’s body1 varies widely depending on several factors, including the type of drug, frequency of use, last use, metabolic rate, and individual physiological characteristics. Different substances are metabolized at different rates,2 affecting how long they can be detected in various testing methods such as urine, blood, hair, saliva, or sweat.
Type of Drug: Different substances metabolize at different rates. For instance, marijuana can stay in the system longer than cocaine due to its fat-soluble properties.
Dosage and Frequency of Use: Higher doses and frequent use typically lead to longer detection times. Chronic users may accumulate the drug in their system, resulting in a prolonged presence.
Metabolism: Individual metabolic rates play a crucial role in how quickly a drug is processed and eliminated. Factors such as age, gender, and overall health can impact metabolism.
Body Composition: A person’s body fat percentage can influence drug retention. Fat-soluble substances may remain in the body longer in individuals with higher body fat, while water-soluble drugs may be excreted more rapidly.
Hydration Levels: Adequate hydration can affect how quickly a drug is eliminated through urine. Dehydration may slow down this process.
Liver and Kidney Function: The liver and kidneys are primary organs for drug metabolism and excretion. Impaired function of these organs can lead to longer retention of drugs in the body.
Drug Administration Method: How a drug is taken—whether orally, through injection, or via inhalation—can impact its absorption rate and duration in the system.
Genetics: Genetic factors can affect how individuals metabolize drugs. Certain genetic variations can lead to faster or slower processing of specific substances.
Interactions with Other Substances: Sometimes, other medications or substances can interact with a drug, potentially altering its metabolism and excretion rate.
Diet and Lifestyle: A person’s diet, exercise routine, and overall lifestyle can also impact drug clearance. For example, certain foods may enhance or inhibit drug metabolism.
Onset of Euphoric Effects
The onset of euphoric effects from drug use can vary significantly based on several key factors, including the type of substance, the method of administration, dosage, and individual physiological characteristics. Different drugs produce effects at different rates;4 for example, substances inhaled or injected typically provide quicker euphoric sensations compared to those that are ingested.
Additionally, factors such as metabolism, body weight, tolerance levels, and even psychological state can influence how rapidly and intensely the euphoric effects5 are experienced.
Physiological and Pharmacological Factors
The onset of euphoric effects from drug use is strongly influenced by the type of drug, dosage, and route of administration.6 Fast-acting drugs like stimulants can produce near-instant effects when smoked, injected, or snorted, while substances taken orally—such as edibles or pills—require digestion, resulting in slower onset. Higher doses typically lead to stronger and quicker effects, although this is not always proportional. Additionally, a person’s individual metabolism and body composition (such as body fat percentage7 or lean mass) affect how drugs are processed and distributed, further impacting how soon effects are felt and how long they last.
Psychological and Environmental Influences
Psychological state and surroundings also play a role in how quickly euphoric effects are experienced. A person’s expectations, mindset, and tolerance can either accelerate or dampen their perception of a drug’s impact. For instance, those with regular use may need more of the substance to feel the same effects, potentially delaying the onset. Meanwhile, the setting—including the emotional environment and presence of others8—can influence both intensity and timing. Finally, interactions with other substances, like alcohol or medications, can either amplify, mask, or delay euphoric sensations depending on how they interact with the primary drug.
While various methods of drug ingestion can enhance or expedite euphoric effects, more invasive modes, such as injection or inhalation, pose significant risks and should be approached with extreme caution as they also carry a high potential for overdose, addiction, and damaging health consequences.
The psychological dependence that can develop from seeking intense highs may lead to harmful cycles of use and withdrawal. It’s essential for individuals to be aware of these dangers and to seek healthier and safer alternatives for managing stress or emotional pain.
Understanding the Concept of Half-life
In toxicology, the concept of drug half-life9 refers to the time it takes for the concentration of a drug in the bloodstream to reduce to half its original amount. This measure is crucial for understanding how long a substance remains active in the body and helps determine dosing schedules and potential for accumulation.
Half-life can vary significantly among different drugs due to factors such as metabolism, elimination routes, and individual physiological variations. Understanding a drug’s half-life is vital for assessing its duration of action, potential toxicity, and the timing of drug tests.
Below are some examples of various drugs of abuse and their typical half-lives:
Alcohol: The half-life of alcohol can vary widely depending on quantity and individual metabolism. On average, it’s about 4 to 5 hours, meaning that a standard drink (roughly 14 grams of pure alcohol) takes about this long to reduce concentration by half in the bloodstream.
Barbiturates: The half-life of barbiturates can vary significantly depending on the specific compound, typically ranging from about 4 hours for shorter-acting barbiturates to up to 100 hours for long-acting varieties like phenobarbital. Due to this variability, the duration of their effects and the time they remain detectable in the body can also differ widely among individuals.
Benzodiazepines: The half-lives of benzodiazepines can vary significantly. For example, diazepam (Valium) has a half-life ranging from 20 to 100 hours, while alprazolam (Xanax) has a shorter half-life of approximately 6 to 12 hours. Longer half-lives may lead to cumulative effects, especially with frequent use.
Cannabis (THC): THC has a half-life of approximately 1 to 10 days, depending on the method of consumption and individual factors. In chronic users, it can take longer for THC to be eliminated from the body due to accumulation in fat tissue.
Cocaine: The half-life of cocaine is relatively short, generally around 1 to 2 hours. This brief half-life often leads users to seek multiple doses in a short period, contributing to its potential for abuse.
Fentanyl: The half-life of fentanyl can vary depending on the form of administration and individual differences. Generally, the half-life for fentanyl when administered through intravenous (IV) routes is approximately 2 to 4 hours. However, when used in transdermal patches, the half-life can be longer, as the drug is released slowly over time.
Heroin: Heroin has a half-life of about 2 to 6 minutes; however, it’s quickly metabolized into morphine, which has a longer half-life of approximately 2 to 3 hours. This rapid onset of effects is part of what makes heroin particularly addictive.
LSD: The half-life of LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) is approximately 3 to 5 hours. However, the effects of LSD can last much longer, typically between 8 to 12 hours, due to its interaction with serotonin receptors in the brain.
MDMA (Ecstasy): MDMA has a half-life of about 6 to 8 hours. Users often experience a “comedown” as the drug’s effects wear off, which can lead to subsequent dosing in an attempt to prolong the euphoric experience.
Methadone: The half-life of methadone typically ranges from 8 to 59 hours, with an average of about 24 hours for most individuals. This extended half-life allows for once-daily dosing in medication-assisted treatments for opioid use disorder, helping to manage withdrawal symptoms and cravings effectively.
Methamphetamine: The half-life of methamphetamine can range from about 10 to 12 hours. This allows for prolonged effects and increases the potential for substance use due to its stimulating properties.
PCP: The half-life of phencyclidine (PCP) is approximately 18 to 51 hours, depending on individual factors such as metabolism and frequency of use. However, the psychological effects of PCP may last longer, often persisting for several hours or even days after the drug has been metabolized.
Understanding the concept of half-life helps in assessing not only the duration of a drug’s effects but also its risks for dependence and withdrawal symptoms. Drugs with short half-lives may lead to more frequent use, while those with longer half-lives may stay in the body and potentially lead to cumulative effects over time.
The Withdrawal Timeline
The withdrawal timeline10 from drugs of abuse is influenced by several critical considerations, including the type of substance, duration and frequency of use, individual physiology, and existing health conditions. Different drugs have unique withdrawal patterns; for example, opioids may lead to withdrawal symptoms that begin within hours and peak within a few days, whereas alcohol withdrawal can have a delayed onset and potentially life-threatening symptoms.
The severity and duration of withdrawal symptoms can also vary significantly among individuals based on factors like age, metabolism, and mental health history.
Here are the key contributors to the timeline associated with drug withdrawal:
Type of Drug: Different substances have different withdrawal timelines. For instance, withdrawal from opioids can begin within a few hours and last several days, whereas withdrawal from alcohol can begin within 6 to 24 hours and may continue for weeks, depending on the severity.
Duration of Use: The length of time a person has been using a substance affects how the body has adjusted to its presence. Long-term users may experience more severe withdrawal symptoms and longer withdrawal timelines than someone who has used the drug for a short period.
Dosage: Higher doses of a drug can lead to more pronounced physical dependence. Tapering off or stopping high doses suddenly can result in a more intense and prolonged withdrawal experience.
Frequency of Use: Regular, frequent use tends to establish a higher level of physical dependence, which can prolong withdrawal symptoms. Intermittent use may lead to milder withdrawal effects.
Method of Administration: The route of administration can affect how quickly withdrawal symptoms manifest and how severe they are. For example, substances that are injected or smoked may lead to more rapid physical dependence compared to those taken orally.
Individual Physiology: Each person’s body reacts differently to drug withdrawal, influenced by genetics, metabolic rate, and overall health. Factors such as age, sex, and pre-existing medical conditions can impact withdrawal timelines.
Co-occurring Substance Use: Using multiple substances simultaneously can complicate withdrawal. Poly-drug use can extend the withdrawal process as the body adjusts to multiple chemicals leaving the system.
Psychological Factors: Emotional and psychological factors, including anxiety, depression, or a history of mental health disorders, can affect withdrawal severity and duration. These factors may make the withdrawal process feel longer and more challenging.
Support Systems: The presence or absence of a supportive environment plays a significant role in withdrawal experiences. Access to medical care, counseling, substance abuse treatment programs, inpatient/residential settings, group support, and other treatment options can influence both the severity and the timeline of withdrawal symptoms.
Withdrawal Tapering Strategies: Gradual tapering off a substance under medical supervision can reduce the intensity and duration of withdrawal symptoms, while abrupt cessation can lead to more severe complications.
The safest and most effective way to avoid the difficulties of drug withdrawal is to refrain from using drugs in the first place. Prevention through education, awareness, and healthy coping mechanisms can significantly mitigate the risk of developing substance use disorders.
Ultimately, making informed choices about drug use can protect both physical and emotional well-being, promoting a healthier, drug-free lifestyle.
What are the implications of drug detection timelines for individuals undergoing treatment for substance use disorders, and how can understanding this information impact recovery and support services?
A common question in early recovery is, “How long will this drug stay in my system?” And that’s understandable. Whether you’re facing a drug test, going through withdrawals, or just trying to make sense of what’s happening in your body, it’s natural to want answers.
But here’s the thing: knowing how long drugs linger in your body isn’t just about passing a test. It can be a powerful part of reclaiming your health and rebuilding your life.
The Most Common Method of Drug Testing: Urinalysis
The most commonly used method to test for illicit drugs in a person’s system is urine testing. Urine drug tests,11 or urinalyses, are popular due to their ease of administration, cost-effectiveness, and ability to provide a relatively quick turnaround on results.
These tests are designed to detect a wide range of substances, including marijuana, cocaine, opioids, amphetamines, and benzodiazepines, and they can typically identify drug use that occurred within the past few days to weeks, depending on the specific substance and the individual’s metabolism.
Additionally, urine testing is often used in various settings, including workplace drug screenings, legal situations, and rehabilitation programs, making it a widely recognized method for monitoring drug use.
The length of time that drugs can be detected in urine tests varies widely depending on several factors. Here are the key contributors affecting the detection duration, along with specific examples of various drugs:
– Marijuana (THC): Can be detectable in urine for up to 3 days for occasional users and up to 30 days or longer for chronic users, as THC is stored in fat tissues.
– Cocaine: Generally detectable in urine for 2 to 4 days after use.
– Opioids (e.g., oxycodone, hydrocodone, codeine): Typically detectable in urine for 3 to 4 days after use, but chronic use can extend this timeframe.
– Amphetamines: Often detectable in urine for about 1 to 3 days, but individuals with slower metabolism may retain the substance longer.
– Benzodiazepines (e.g., Xanax, valium): Depending on the specific drug, they can be detectable for days to weeks. Longer-acting benzodiazepines, such as diazepam, may show up for up to 6 weeks, especially in regular users.
– Alcohol: Its presence can typically be detected in urine for about 12 to 24 hours, but liver dysfunction can extend this duration.
While urine testing is a widely used and convenient method for detecting drug use, it’s not without its limitations and potential flaws.
Alternatives to Urine Testing
In some cases, more invasive modes of drug testing,12 such as hair follicle, sweat, saliva, blood, and breath testing, are utilized as alternatives to traditional urinalysis to provide a broader perspective on a person’s drug use history. These methods can offer unique advantages, such as longer detection windows in the case of hair testing or a faster response time with saliva testing. Some tests, like blood and breath analyses, are particularly effective for assessing recent use and impairment, making them valuable in specific contexts such as roadside sobriety checks or medical assessments.
Below are the key contributors and specific examples of various drugs for each testing method:
Hair Follicle Testing
A hair follicle test is a type of drug testing that analyzes a sample of hair to determine if an individual has used drugs over a specific period of time, particularly a long period, usually up to 90 days.
How a Hair Follicle Test Works:
Sample Collection: A small sample of hair is collected, typically from the crown of the head, although hair from other parts of the body can also be used if necessary. Generally, about 1.5 inches of hair is cut close to the scalp, which can represent approximately 90 days of drug use since hair grows at an average rate of about half an inch per month.
Drug Incorporation: When a person uses drugs, metabolites (the byproducts of drug metabolism) enter the bloodstream. As hair follicles receive nutrients, they also absorb these metabolites from the blood. As a result, drug traces are incorporated into the hair shaft as it grows.
Laboratory Analysis: The collected hair sample is sent to a laboratory, where it undergoes a specialized testing process, often using techniques like enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for initial screening and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for confirmation of positive results. These methods help to identify specific drug compounds and their metabolites present in the hair.
Detection Window: Hair follicle tests can detect drug use over a longer period compared to urine tests. While urine tests may only provide information about recent drug use (days to weeks), hair tests can reveal drug use that occurred over the past 90 days. This makes hair testing effective for assessing long-term patterns of substance use.
Limitations: While hair tests can detect many drugs, they may not be as effective at identifying very recent use (within the past few days), as it takes time for the hair to grow and for drug metabolites to be incorporated. Furthermore, certain factors, such as hair treatments (bleaching, dyeing) and individual hair growth rates, can influence results and may affect the accuracy of the test.
Common Drugs Detected: Hair follicle testing can identify a wide range of substances, including: marijuana (THC), cocaine, opioids, benzodiazepines, amphetamines/methamphetamines.
Sweat Testing
A sweat test is a drug testing method that analyzes sweat to detect the presence of drugs and their metabolites in a person’s system. It offers a unique alternative to traditional testing methods, such as urine or blood tests, and is used in various settings, including rehabilitation programs, probation monitoring, and drug-free workplace initiatives. Below is an explanation of how sweat tests work and their effectiveness in detecting drug use.
How a Sweat Test Works:
Sample Collection: Sweat tests are commonly conducted using sweat patches. These patches are small, adhesive devices that are applied to the skin, typically on the upper arm or back. The patch contains a collection medium that absorbs sweat over a designated monitoring period, usually 1 to 14 days.
Sweat Absorption: As the user sweats naturally, the patch collects the sweat, which contains drug metabolites that are excreted through the skin. The test is designed to continuously monitor the individual’s sweat during the patch’s wear time.
Laboratory Analysis: Once the monitoring period concludes, the sweat patch is removed and sent to a laboratory for analysis. In the lab, the sweat sample is examined using various testing methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for initial screening and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for confirmation. These techniques help identify specific drugs and their metabolites present in the sweat.
Detection Window: Sweat tests can identify drug use over a period of several days to weeks, depending on the length of time the sweat patch is worn. However, the exact detection window can vary based on factors such as the type of drug, frequency of use, individual metabolism, and environmental conditions.
Limitations: The detection window is relatively limited compared to hair tests, and sweat tests may not detect very recent drug use (typically within the past few hours). As sweat is not continuously produced like urine, there may be periods of time when drug levels can fluctuate.
Common Drugs Detected: cocaine, marijuana (THC), opioids, methamphetamine, amphetamines
Saliva Testing
A saliva test, often referred to as an oral fluid test, is a method used to detect the presence of drugs by analyzing a sample of saliva. This type of testing has gained popularity due to its non-invasive nature, ease of collection, and rapid results. Saliva tests can be particularly useful for estimating recent drug use. Below is an explanation of how saliva tests work and their effectiveness in detecting drug use.
How a Saliva Test Works:
Sample Collection: The testing process involves collecting a saliva sample, typically using a specially designed swab or device. This swab can be placed in the mouth for a specified period (usually a few minutes) to absorb saliva. Some tests may use a device that directly collects saliva without the need for swabbing.
Drug Absorption: Saliva contains drug metabolites that enter the oral cavity from the bloodstream. After a person uses drugs, these metabolites can be detected in saliva within minutes to hours, reflecting recent use. Because saliva tests detect the presence of drugs relatively quickly after administration, they are particularly effective for identifying current impairment.
Laboratory Analysis: Once the saliva sample is collected, it may be analyzed on-site using portable testing devices, or it may be sent to a laboratory for more thorough testing. Tests typically use methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for initial screening and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for confirmatory analysis.
Detection Window: The detection window for saliva tests is generally short, typically ranging from a few hours up to 2 to 3 days, depending on the specific drug and the individual’s metabolism. Saliva tests are particularly effective at identifying recent drug use rather than historical patterns.
Limitations: Saliva tests may not detect certain drugs that do not significantly appear in saliva or that are metabolized quickly. For example, larger doses of substances may move to urine faster than saliva, leading to possible undetected usage. Environmental factors such as food or drink consumption, oral hygiene products, or other substances in the mouth can potentially interfere with test results, leading to false positives or negatives.
Common Drugs Detected: marijuana (THC) (1-3 days after use), cocaine (1-2 days after use), amphetamines/methamphetamines (1-3 days after use), opiates (1-3 days after use), benzodiazepines (1-2 days after use)
Blood Testing
Blood testing13 is a method used to detect the presence of drugs and their metabolites in a person’s bloodstream. This testing approach is particularly effective for assessing recent drug use and can provide valuable information about the level of impairment caused by substances. Blood tests usually detect substances for a short period, typically within 1 to 24 hours.
How Blood Testing Works:
Sample Collection: A blood test is conducted by a healthcare professional who draws blood from a vein, typically in the arm, using a sterile needle. The sample is collected in a sealed vial to prevent contamination.
Laboratory Analysis: Once the blood sample is collected, it’s sent to a specialized laboratory for analysis. Various testing techniques can be employed, including immunoassays for initial screening and more advanced methods like gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for confirmatory testing. These methods enable the identification and quantification of specific drugs and their metabolites in the blood.
Detection Window: The detection window for drugs in blood14 can vary significantly depending on the substance, the amount used, the frequency of use, and individual metabolic factors. Generally, most drugs are detectable in the blood for a shorter period, usually from a few hours up to several days, making blood testing particularly useful for assessing recent drug use.
Limitations: While blood tests are highly reliable, they can be more invasive compared to other testing methods, which might deter some individuals from undergoing the procedure. Additionally, the testing process can be more time-consuming and costly than urine tests or other non-invasive methods.
Common Drugs Detected: marijuana (THC) (1-2 days after use), cocaine (1-2 days after use), heroin (6 hours to 1 day after use), alcohol (up to 6 hours)
Breath Testing
Breath testing15 is a non-invasive method used to detect the presence of alcohol and, in some cases, certain drugs in a person’s system. This testing method is particularly common for assessing alcohol consumption, especially in legal situations such as DUI (driving under the influence) checks.
How Breath Testing Works:
Sample Collection: Breath testing involves having an individual exhale into a breathalyzer device, which is designed to measure the concentration of alcohol or specific drugs present in exhaled breath. The process is straightforward and typically takes only a few seconds.
Detection of Alcohol: When alcohol is consumed, it enters the bloodstream and subsequently evaporates into the lungs. As the person exhales, some of the alcohol present in the lungs is released in their breath. Breathalyzers measure this alcohol concentration, often represented as blood alcohol concentration (BAC) in terms of grams of alcohol per deciliter of blood.
Detection of Drugs: While breath testing is most commonly associated with alcohol detection, some advanced breath analyzers can also test for drugs like marijuana or cocaine. These devices utilize different detection mechanisms, such as breath analysis for volatile compounds, to identify drug presence.
Limitations: Breath tests can be less accurate for detecting certain drugs compared to blood or urine tests. Environmental factors, calibration issues, and the presence of residue from substances can potentially lead to inaccurate readings, particularly for non-alcohol substances. Furthermore, breath testing primarily measures recent use, so it may not provide a comprehensive history of drug or alcohol consumption.
Each testing method has its own detection capabilities and limitations based on various factors, including the type of drug, individual physiology, and the specific methodology used in testing. Understanding these variables is essential for anyone preparing for a drug test, particularly those who may be affected by substance use. If you or someone you know needs assistance with addiction, seeking professional help is advisable.
Ways People Try to Evade Drug Tests
There are many reasons that individuals may try to evade a drug test.16 Attempting to evade a drug test can have significant legal and health ramifications. Legally, individuals may face serious consequences, including job loss, criminal charges, or disqualification from employment opportunities, especially in positions requiring drug-free compliance. From a health perspective, methods used to evade drug tests—such as substance adulteration or excessive detoxification practices—can pose risks to physical well-being, including dehydration, kidney damage, or other adverse side effects.
Here are examples of strategies that some might use to try to beat different types of drug tests:
Urine Tests
Dilution: Drinking large amounts of water or other fluids before the test to dilute urine, making drug concentrations less detectable. This may result in a “watered-down” sample.
Substitution: Using synthetic urine or the urine of someone else (usually a clean donor) to replace their own during the test.
Adulteration: Adding substances, such as bleach, vinegar, or commercially available adulterants, to the urine sample to mask or alter drug concentrations.
Detox Products: Purchasing products marketed as detoxifying agents that claim to cleanse the body of drugs quickly, often consisting of various vitamins, minerals, and herbal ingredients.
Hair Follicle Tests
Cutting Hair: Cutting or shaving hair shortly before the test to avoid detection. This can also extend to body hair if necessary.
Using Detox Shampoos: Applying hair detoxification shampoos that claim to remove drug traces from the hair shaft prior to testing. These products may not be consistently effective.
Switching Samples: Attempting to use hair from another person who is drug-free to replace their own sample.
Sweat Tests
Patch Interference: Trying to remove or tamper with the sweat patch on the skin, though this is likely to be monitored in a controlled environment.
Using Products: Applying topical creams or powders that claim to block sweat excretion or mask drug detection.
Saliva Tests
Rinsing Mouth: Rinsing the mouth with water or mouthwash just before taking the test to potentially reduce the concentration of drugs in saliva.
Eating or Drinking: Consuming certain foods or drinks (e.g., citrus juices) that individuals believe might cleanse their system or dilute drug presence before the test.
Blood Tests
Timing Use: Timing drug use close to the test taking advantage of quick metabolism to avoid detection. Individuals may refrain from using drugs for a period leading up to the test.
Hydration: Drinking excessive amounts of fluids in an attempt to dilute blood concentration may have limited effectiveness, as blood tests are typically able to detect alterations.
Avoidance: Avoiding drug use to allow the natural metabolism and elimination of substances from the bloodstream prior to the test.
Breath Tests
Breath Control: Some individuals may try to mask alcohol breath by holding their breath or performing physical activities to temporarily reduce their breath alcohol concentration.
Chewing Gum or Mints: Using breath fresheners immediately before a test to try to mask the scent of alcohol.
Attempting to cheat a drug test can be risky and doesn’t guarantee success. Drug testing technology continues to advance, and many tests are designed to detect tampering or other manipulative actions. Additionally, many employers and organizations have strict policies against drug use and may impose severe penalties for any attempt to deceive testing procedures.
Instead of attempting to evade detection, individuals battling substance use issues should consider seeking addiction treatment options through counseling, rehabilitation programs, or other resources to address their challenges in a healthier manner.
Take the First Step Toward a Healthier Future
Understanding how long drugs stay in your system is more than just a matter of timelines—it’s about recognizing the impact that substance use can have on your health, relationships, and opportunities. If you’re facing challenges related to drug use, know that you’re not alone—and that recovery is possible.
Choose to prioritize your well-being. Reach out to a healthcare provider, addiction specialist, or support group today. Professional help can provide the tools and guidance you need to reclaim your life, restore your health, and build a future rooted in clarity, confidence, and connection.
Your journey toward healing can start now. Take that first step today.
FAQs
Q: How long do drugs typically remain detectable in urine?
A:Detection times17 vary by drug. For example, marijuana can be detected for up to 30 days in chronic users, while cocaine may be detectable for 2 to 4 days.
Q: What factors affect how long a drug stays in the system?
A: Factors include the type of drug, dosage, frequency of use, metabolism, body composition, hydration level, and the testing method used.
Q: How long do drugs remain detectable in hair follicles?
A:Hair follicle tests18 can typically detect drug use for up to 90 days, as drugs are incorporated into the hair as it grows. The longer the hair sample, the longer the detection window.
Q: How long can alcohol be detected in the system?
A: Alcohol is usually detectable in urine for about 12 to 24 hours after consumption, but this can vary based on the amount consumed and the individual’s metabolism.
Q: How long do opioids stay in the system?
A: Opioids like oxycodone and hydrocodone can generally be detected in urine for 3 to 4 days after use. Heroin may be detectable for about 2 to 7 days.
Q: Can lifestyle factors influence drug detection times?
A: Yes, factors such as diet, exercise, hydration, and overall health can impact how quickly drugs are metabolized and cleared from the body.
Q: How long do stimulants like methamphetamine stay in the system?
A: Methamphetamine can be detected in urine for about 1 to 3 days after use.
Q: How long do benzodiazepines remain detectable?
A: Benzodiazepines can vary greatly; shorter-acting ones like alprazolam may be detectable for about 6 to 12 hours, while longer-acting ones like diazepam can be detected for several weeks.
Q: What about cannabis? How long does it stay in the body?
A: Cannabis (THC) can be detectable in urine for 3 days in occasional users, but in regular or heavy users, it can remain detectable for 30 days or more.
Q: Is it possible for drug tests to yield false positives?
A: Yes, certain substances, medications, or even some foods can lead to false positives on drug tests. Confirmatory testing is often used to verify results.
Q: How can hydration affect drug test results?
A: Excessive hydration may dilute urine, potentially leading to negative results,19 while dehydration can concentrate drugs, making them easier to detect.
Q: Can drugs be detected after quitting?
A: Yes, drug metabolites can remain in the system for varying lengths of time after cessation of use. Detection windows depend on the drug and the individual’s metabolic rate.
Q: How do urine and blood tests differ in terms of detection times?
A: Urine tests generally have longer detection windows20 (days to weeks) than blood tests, which typically reflect recent use (1 to 24 hours).
Bryon’s story, shared on the Giving Voice to Addiction Podcast by Recovery.com, is a powerful testament to the fact that recovery is possible, no matter how deep the descent into addiction. His journey, marked by a gradual slide into alcohol dependence and a profound moment of clarity, offers invaluable insights for anyone grappling with substance use.
Addiction, as Bryon poignantly illustrates, doesn’t discriminate. It can creep into anyone’s life, often disguised as a harmless way to unwind, before tightening its grip. But within the darkness of addiction lies the potential for a powerful rebirth, a “phoenix rising” as Bryon describes it, towards a life filled with hope and sobriety.
The Subtle Inception of Dependence
Bryon’s relationship with alcohol began innocuously. In his words, “It was my friend for a long time.” His early experiences in the military involved partying, but it wasn’t until later in life, during a seemingly prosperous period, that alcohol began to take a more central role. The casual evening drink gradually increased in frequency and strength.
As Bryon reflects, “There was nothing intentional. And most alcoholics will say it starts fun. It was fun. So a way to wind down the day.” This highlights a crucial aspect of addiction: it often begins subtly, masked as a social lubricant or a way to relieve stress, making it easy to overlook the gradual shift towards dependence.
The Turning Point: When “Fun” Turns to Necessity
The dynamic shifted significantly for Bryon after his divorce and during a stressful real estate deal. He recounts, “It was just this constant struggle to try to stay ahead of this property before I went bankrupt… Anyway, so there happens to be a liquor store on the way there, so me and this other guy would get in there in the morning and he’d have his Diet Coke and fill it up and I have my Diet Coke and fill it up. And that was the beginning of the day drinking.” This marked a critical transition from recreational use to a daily necessity, a coping mechanism to navigate overwhelming stress.
The “Soft Landing” That Was Anything But
Bryon describes his experience as a “soft landing,” contrasting it with the more outwardly destructive paths of some other alcoholics. However, his personal account reveals the profound impact of his drinking. He lost track of days, culminating in a terrifying incident where police officers conducted a welfare check, finding him with a blood alcohol level of 0.38.
“I woke up one time and I had six police officers around me… My blood alcohol was uh, 0.38. So, I mean, I was, 38% of my blood was alcohol. How much more of that could I have tolerated? I don’t think very much.” This stark reality underscores that even without overt legal consequences, the internal and personal devastation of alcoholism is immense.
The Downward Spiral and the Need for Intervention
Bryon vividly describes the insidious nature of addiction: “With an alcoholic, you just I, I just slid down this path where every time I would be afraid, afraid I would just have a drink. And then I’d have 2 drinks and I’d have 5 drinks, and then I don’t have to think about it at all. So you just continue sliding down and down. And then at the end of the day. I can break my shoelace and I just wanna go drink ’cause that’s the only tool that I have left.” This illustrates the progressive isolation and reliance on alcohol as the sole means of navigating life, emphasizing the importance of breaking this cycle.
Recognizing the Need for Change
For Bryon, the realization that he had a drinking problem came relatively quickly. “So I realized within about only about 4 or 5 years that I immediately decided I had a drinking problem and I went immediately and got in, involved in that and made the decision to stop drinking.” This swift recognition, though not always the case for everyone, was a pivotal step in his journey towards recovery.
Bryon’s story takes a profound turn when he describes 2 pivotal moments that solidified his desire for sobriety. The first was a seemingly divine experience while driving, hearing the words, “So you want to see a miracle?” followed by the breathtaking beauty of a valley.
The second, and perhaps more relatable, was the overwhelming exhaustion during a hike in the Grand Canyon, followed by an unexpected surge of energy and hope upon seeing the “red roof” of the welcome center. “I stepped up and I looked over the top. I could see the red roof of the welcome center where we started. And in that moment I felt, I felt hope… That to me was how this moment was. It was like for whatever reason, I felt I could do it. I could walk because I had hope.” This “red roof” became a powerful metaphor for a tangible goal, a beacon of hope that propelled him forward.
The Nature of Hope in Recovery
Bryon beautifully articulates the role of hope in overcoming addiction: “That’s what alcoholism is. I mean, you’re, you’re hapless, hopeless, helpless to the next drink, and then for whatever reason, there’s this moment and you can then walk the mile.” This highlights that while addiction can strip away feelings of agency, the re-emergence of hope can be the catalyst for change, providing the strength to embark on the challenging journey of recovery.
Facing Fears and Embracing a New Life
Recovery, as Bryon describes it, is about confronting the underlying issues that fuel the addiction. “Life begins where your, your fear ends. And that’s what that is. I mean, if you’re drinking, you’re drinking to hide from something, whatever that is, and at some moment you’re gonna find the strength and the hope to face whatever it is that’s, that’s making you want to drink.” This process involves an “ascension out of the darkness” towards a “rebirth,” where one learns new, healthy coping mechanisms to deal with life’s challenges.
Finding Your Own Path to Recovery
Bryon’s experience with seeking help was unique. While he attended AA meetings and found a sponsor, he resisted traditional in-house treatment, driven by a desire for autonomy. “Well, when I ended up going to the VA 2 times, and the second time I went to the VA they kinda had a family meeting and said, well, if you don’t do this…you’re not gonna be able to be around the grandkids… It was like…I’m not doing this. I don’t want this as my life and uh, I can do this myself.” Instead, he focused on self-education, incorporating self-hypnosis, meditation, manifestation, and Stoic philosophy into his recovery.
The Importance of Diverse Treatment Options
Bryon’s story underscores the significance of offering a range of treatment options. As Caroline Beidler points out, resources like Recovery.com provide individuals with the ability to search for specific types of support that resonate with their needs, whether it’s a focus on veterans, a specific location, or particular therapeutic approaches. This personalized approach can be crucial for individuals who may feel resistant to more traditional forms of treatment.
Finding Connection and Shared Experience
Bryon emphasized the value of connecting with others in recovery. “The other thing is you find a group of people that understand who you are and you, you want examples of where you’re going… Just talking to them and sharing their stories and listening to that and having that to look forward to.” Hearing the stories of others who have successfully navigated recovery can provide immense hope and practical guidance.
Filling the Void with Positive Activities
Sobriety often leaves a void that was previously filled by alcohol. Bryon highlights the importance of actively engaging in positive activities to fill this time. “If you drank all the time and then now you don’t drink, you have nothing but time. So you have to fill those things with positives, so you have to decide what you enjoy.” This proactive approach helps to build a fulfilling life in recovery.
Reframing Identity: From “Alcoholic” to “Recovering”
Bryon offers a powerful shift in perspective regarding identity. “My message to everybody who is going through this is number one is don’t define yourself by your alcoholism. Refine yourself with alcoholism… You can one day say, I refined that view and I used to drink. I don’t drink anymore.” This emphasizes that addiction is a part of one’s story, but it doesn’t have to be the defining characteristic. Recovery is an opportunity for growth and self-discovery.
The Power of Choice
Bryon doesn’t shy away from the stark reality of untreated alcoholism. “See we’re, we have a disease that’s 100% fatal. If you do not address your alcoholism, it’s 100% fatal.” However, he immediately follows this with a message of empowerment: “Once you find control, you have a choice to rebuild your life in any manner that you want… there’s nothing beyond your control. You are not hapless, helpless, or hopeless.” Recovery is a choice, and with support and determination, a fulfilling life is attainable.
The Transformative Power of Sobriety
Bryon’s personal transformation is a beacon of hope. “I’ve made all my money back. I’m a, a successful day trader. I have all my family. Everything’s back.” He acknowledges that this reality seemed unimaginable during his active addiction, emphasizing the profound positive changes that sobriety can bring.
Reaching Out and Finding Your “Red Roof”
Bryon’s final message is one of hope and action. “For those that really want it to be done, you’ll find that point. And then you need to reach out for people like me who are in the AA program or whatever program that you choose, and you go there and you say I’m an alcoholic and I need help. And there are millions of people that will help you. What you have to realize is that there is hope. There is a red roof for you and you have to go and walk to it. And that’s a choice.”
Bryon’s powerful story reminds us that while the journey of addiction can be dark and isolating, recovery is not only possible but can lead to a life beyond what once seemed imaginable. Finding your “red roof,” that personal beacon of hope, and taking the courageous steps towards it, is the key to unlocking a future filled with sobriety and renewed purpose.
Kate Garn joined Recoverycast to share her powerful journey through the depths of alcohol dependence and her inspiring climb toward sobriety. Her story, filled with raw honesty and vulnerability, sheds light on the often-hidden struggles of functional alcoholism, the impact of postpartum depression, and the transformative power of finding connection in recovery. Kate’s narrative underscores the crucial message that addiction doesn’t always look like the stereotypical image, and that finding a path to a healthier life is possible.
1. The Gradual Descent: From Social Drinking to Coping Mechanism
Kate’s relationship with alcohol began in high school, a seemingly typical experience for many. However, what started as occasional social drinking gradually morphed into a coping mechanism, particularly as she navigated the pressures of young adulthood and the drinking culture prevalent in hair school and the service industry.
“It had just become something that was normal to me,” Kate reflected. “It was routine. I wanted to unwind after work. I wanted to, you know, my body hurt, my mind was exhausted, everything. And I just wanted to numb it.” This highlights how easily social drinking can transition into a reliance on alcohol to manage stress and emotions.
2. Postpartum Depression: A Turning Point Towards Dependence
The arrival of her son brought immense joy, but also an overwhelming wave of postpartum depression, exacerbated by a traumatic birth experience. Kate recounted the harrowing moments after her son’s birth, stating, “I still remember the feeling that I had when he started breathing…” This trauma created significant anxiety and sleep deprivation, leading her to self-medicate with alcohol.
“When I stopped breastfeeding after three months, I started drinking all the time. ’cause I could now. Mm-hmm. You know, and I knew that’s what I had used before to calm me down.” This period marked a significant shift towards using alcohol as a primary way to cope with intense emotional distress. Postpartum depression is a serious condition affecting many new mothers and can significantly increase the risk of substance use as a form of self-treatment1.
Despite drinking frequently and heavily, Kate’s struggles weren’t immediately apparent to those around her. Even her ex-husband, who witnessed her drinking firsthand, didn’t recognize the extent of her dependence. “‘I wasn’t hiding it. You know, he was right there. But even he didn’t think she’s an alcoholic. And when I look at it, I’m like, how? How did you guys not think it?'”
This illustrates the phenomenon of functional alcoholism, where individuals maintain their daily responsibilities while still struggling with alcohol dependence. This can make it difficult for loved ones to recognize the problem and for the individual to acknowledge it themselves.
4. The Internal Disconnect: Masking Pain with Performance
Kate astutely pointed out the internal conflict she experienced, feeling the need to present a certain image to the world while battling inner turmoil. Tom Farley agrees, stating “They’re putting out this person that they think the world wants to see or that they need to be. And it’s not real. And you feel that inside this doesn’t, this is not real for me. And so therefore the only way I to deal with that feeling, at least for me, was to, was to drink.”
This resonates with many individuals who use substances to cope with feelings of inadequacy or inauthenticity. The constant performance can be exhausting and isolating, further fueling the cycle of dependence.
5. Hitting Rock Bottom: The Desire to Not Exist
Kate’s journey reached a critical point where she no longer wanted to live with the pain and dependence. “On the day that I stopped drinking, I was, you know, it was a bad place. It was scary and I had struggled for a long time, but I, it had hit its peak.” This moment of despair often serves as a catalyst for change, a stark realization that the current path is unsustainable and life-threatening. The fear of the impact her addiction would have on her son also played a significant role in her decision to seek help.
Facing her desperation, Kate took a courageous step and searched for resources. “I knew what you see on tv, AA, or rehab. Like, that’s where my mind went. So that’s what I Googled that morning.” Her discovery of a local AA meeting, particularly an all-women’s meeting, proved to be a pivotal moment. The sense of connection and shared experience she found there was crucial in her early sobriety.
7. The Power of Connection: Finding Common Ground
Walking into that first meeting, Kate had preconceived notions about what it would be like. “For me, when I pictured AA meetings, I didn’t picture a bunch of women like me. I pictured a bunch of women who had lost everything. Homeless, you know, worst case scenario.”
Instead, she found a community of regular women who understood her struggles. “To see and hear what these women had to say really like, struck a chord with me. Like, I was like, wow. They are regular people. Living, you know, life every day. Like a lot of people do. Their stories, some of them very similar to mine.” This sense of belonging and relatability is a cornerstone of successful recovery.
8. Beyond Dry Drunk: Embracing the Steps
Early in her sobriety, Kate described herself as a “dry drunk,” indicating that she had stopped drinking but hadn’t yet addressed the underlying issues fueling her addiction. It wasn’t until she began working the 12 Steps that she started to experience true recovery and healing.
“When I finally got, you know, to the point where I was ready to work the steps, because I think before that I just really wasn’t ready. I couldn’t get myself there. So when I finally started doing that and seeing the benefits of it…” The 12 Steps provide a structured framework for self-reflection, accountability, and spiritual growth, which are vital for long-term sobriety.
9. Finding Motivation: Doing It for Someone Else
While the common advice in recovery is to focus on oneself, Kate found her primary motivation in her son. “‘They say do it for you. I do it for him. I’m second there and I know that’s, you know, everyone’s like, no, it’s you. And it’s like, I wouldn’t be here if it wasn’t for him. It is healthy for me to think this is for Mac because I didn’t value my own life like that.'” This highlights that the path to recovery can be deeply personal, and finding a strong external motivator can be a powerful initial driving force.
10. The Vulnerability of Sharing: TikTok as a Platform for Connection
Kate’s journey took an unexpected turn when she began sharing her experiences on TikTok. This platform became an outlet for her raw honesty and vulnerability, creating a space for connection with others facing similar challenges. “I’m a vulnerable person. I’m raw, I’m honest. That’s what my TikTok is… I just am who I am.” Her willingness to share her struggles openly has resonated with a large audience, fostering a sense of community and reducing the stigma surrounding addiction.
11. The Power of Unseen Support: “I Love Who You Are Sober”
A poignant moment in Kate’s story was her mother’s heartfelt affirmation during a difficult time in early sobriety. “I was crying, and my mom came over and she was like being super supportive to me and I just told her, you know, I want a drink. And she was like, but I love who you are sober. And it just like I do, I get super emotional when talking about that because it’s like, that just shows me like they have never known me.” This powerful statement underscored the profound difference sobriety had made in Kate’s true self, a self that had been obscured by alcohol for so long.
12. Navigating the Journey: Amends and Self-Compassion
Kate touched upon the challenging aspect of making amends in recovery, acknowledging the difficulty of confronting past actions. She also highlighted the importance of self-compassion, recognizing the progress she has made rather than dwelling solely on past mistakes. “‘Getting sober, you realize so many things about yourself when you get sober.’ ‘Well, it’s about your pain, not theirs.'” This emphasizes the introspective nature of recovery and the need to focus on personal healing.
13. The Misunderstanding of Shame: Finding Strength in Vulnerability
Kate addressed the negative feedback she sometimes receives for being so open about her struggles, with some suggesting she should be ashamed. However, her vulnerability is precisely what allows others to feel less alone. By sharing her truth, Kate is breaking down stigma and offering hope to others on their own recovery journeys.
Kate’s story is a testament to the resilience of the human spirit and the power of seeking help and connection. Her journey from functional alcoholism and the depths of postpartum depression to a place of sobriety and open sharing offers a beacon of hope for anyone struggling with addiction. It reminds us that recovery is possible, and that finding a supportive community can make all the difference.
