Tag: Drug Addiction

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Neurofeedback For Addiction Recovery: Letting Your Body Heal Your Mind

Neurofeedback can help those who need something different than a traditional way of healing during their recovery journey. With neurofeedback, you can see how your mind and body connect. And you’ll learn how you can shift your habits and ways of thinking to help you overcome addiction. You can start moving in the right direction to align your mind and body through neurofeedback treatment. 

How Addiction Affects the Brain

The human brain is made up of cells called neurons1 that interact with each other in different networks. One neuron releases a neurotransmitter, like a message, into the gap called a synapse, which then attaches to the next neuron telling it what to do. And different networks, or circuits, of neurons are responsible for different functions in the body.

neurotransmitter process

When you take drugs, they interrupt how this process occurs in the brain. Some drugs mimic the structure of natural neurotransmitters, and others cause neurons to release a lot of natural neurotransmitters. 

Addiction starts when your brain begins to produce less of its natural neurotransmitters due to high, constant drug use. It becomes harder to find the same happiness from things you used to enjoy. You then need to use drugs to find that pleasure again. And oftentimes, you need to use higher and higher amounts to get that same joy.

This becomes a dangerous cycle. Fortunately, there are treatments that can help you find your passion for life again without the use of a substance.

What Is Neurofeedback?

Neurofeedback, also known as EEG biofeedback, measures brain activity with a few different devices like an electroencephalogram (EEG), sweat sensors, and heart rate monitors. Then, a trained professional can see where damage is in the brain. Your neurofeedback practitioner can work with you to get these harmed parts of the brain back to healthy functioning. It essentially harmonizes your brain waves. This treatment is non-invasive and does not use medication.

The main goal is to give you strategies to interfere with unhealthy thought patterns and help you take charge of your mind. This facilitates positive changes in thinking and behavior.

How It Works

Professionals at Luna Recovery explain that an electroencephalogram (EEG) uses sensors placed on your skin to gather information about brainwave activity2. It also collects data about your blood pressure, heart rate, and skin temperature. Practitioners then locate where there’s damage in the brain due to drug use, or other conditions. Knowing this, they can help you correct these faulty neural pathways.

What Happens During Neurofeedback Therapy?

During a neurofeedback session, which typically lasts about an hour, you’ll likely wear a cap on your head with different electrodes placed on it. These electrodes connect to a machine to monitor your brain’s activity.

neurofeedback session

After this is all set up, your practitioner will do activities with you to stimulate different areas of your brain. This could include watching a movie or playing a video game; however, your brain activity directly affects what’s happening on the screen. 

For example, your screen may only be at full brightness when your brain waves are interacting in unison. If you lose focus and your brain activity scatters, the screen will dim. Simple exercises like this not only show you how your brain is working, but they also begin to teach you how you can control it.

Are There Risks Associated with Neurofeedback Treatment?

Neurofeedback is generally a safe form of treatment because it’s non-invasive. It is possible, but unlikely, to experience some side effects during sessions, like anxiety, fatigue, and headaches.

Neurofeedback for Addiction Treatment

Addiction typically creates irregular brain waves3, and each drug creates different types of damage in different areas. Luckily, we can correct these irregularities through neurofeedback. 

During sessions, you’ll pay close attention to your thoughts. Outside of sessions, you can practice what you’ve learned to help you manage your feelings or cravings in real life. You’ll learn skills to adapt to any new situation that life throws at you. Throughout treatment, you can train your brain to become as healthy as someone without addiction4.

Neurofeedback and Mental Health

Neurofeedback is extremely useful for not only addiction recovery, but also for mental health disorders5. It’s an effective treatment for common disorders like anxiety and depression6. But neurofeedback can also treat co-occurring disorders and other singular  diagnoses:

  • Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
  • Insomnia
  • Schizophrenia 
  • Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

By disrupting unhelpful thought patterns, you can manage the emotions that come with your mental health condition. And neurofeedback can offer a good alternative to medication, especially if medications or other treatment plans haven’t worked for you in the past.

A Different Way of Healing

You have resources available to heal from addiction or mental health issues. Neurofeedback can give you a whole new perspective on life. You can attune your mind and body to connect with yourself and the world around you. Discover how rehabs with neurofeedback can help you start living fully.

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Homelessness and Addiction: How Are They Related?

Homelessness and addiction are related. Despite this relationship, the correlation is not a certainty. But many think they are, so myths and speculations abound: 

Myth 1: “All homeless are addicts. They just need to stop using and things will get better.”

Myth 2: “Addicts always become homeless. It’s their fault.”

Myth 3: “Homeless people are violent because they’re always on drugs.”

Research, time, and empathy have proven both statements (and related ones) wrong. But homelessness and substance abuse do connect in some ways.

The 2 have a bidirectional relationship1—they can both feed into each other. Rehabs for drug and alcohol addiction can sometimes help with both issues at once, but usually, homeless people rely on shelters and specific resources for their population2. 

Homelessness and Addiction Statistics

A 2022 study by Statista found that roughly 55,000 unsheltered homeless people experience addiction3. In other studies, a third of addiction treatment patients say they’ve experienced homelessness1. And, 

Looking at the numbers, you can see addiction and homelessness connect. Addiction isn’t always the cause, but it definitely can be—and vice versa. 

How Does Addiction Lead to Homelessness?

Addiction doesn’t exclusively lead to homelessness, but it can cause it. Economic statuses, marital statuses, family relationships, and social-economic factors can all make addiction a cause of homelessness.

As an example, someone making minimum or median income would feel the financial effects of addiction almost immediately. As their limited income depletes, paying rent gets harder. 

For additional context, street prices of illicit and prescribed drugs average out to $356 per gram6. The price can be as high as $500 for heroin. An average 24-pack of beer costs around $17. 

Addiction isn’t cheap.

Many homeless adults don’t have the option of staying with family when they can’t afford rent. Their loved ones may have cut them off, moved away, or passed on. Their only viable option could be living in a shelter or on the street.

…And Does Homelessness and Drug Use Lead to Addiction?

It can. Some homeless people use opioids, weed, alcohol, and other substances to cope with the trauma of becoming homeless5. Others do it to fit in with the community. 

Homeless people may also start using substances to stay awake, sleep, or stay energized when they’re malnourished. Drug addiction can become a crutch for living homeless that takes up the funds, time, and energy they could otherwise use to get help. Homeless people might also run into legal trouble and tarnish a clean record.

And even though help exists, it’s not always easy for this population to get it.

Understanding The Challenges And Seeking Help

Whatever the cause may be of addiction and homelessness, getting help has its challenges. A lack of money, support, and knowledge leaves many thinking there’s no way out.

But there is. 

Barrier #1: Shelter And Safety

Getting help for addiction might not seem like a top priority if you don’t have somewhere safe to stay. You might be more concerned with getting cover, keeping yourself safe from others, and keeping yourself out of trouble. You likely wouldn’t have much time or mental energy to focus on treatment. 

Not all homeless people have access to shelter, even temporary overnight lodging. If they do find shelter, it’s rarely long term. 

Having a home base, even if it’s a temporary living situation in a shelter, can help your fight-or-flight mode ease down. Then, thinking about help and taking the next steps might not seem so unfeasible. 

Barrier #2: No Social Support Network

Many homeless adults don’t have anyone to help them help themselves. They don’t have anyone cheering them on. Getting help rests almost entirely on their shoulders, which can be overwhelming. 

And, if addiction is the norm in your community, you might lose what little social support you have if you stop. This could be the case for many homeless people. Even when they want to stop, change their lives, and get help, they might feel pressured to keep using. 

Barrier #3: Mental Illness And The Effects of Addiction

Mental illnesses like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, and PTSD can prevent homeless individuals from wanting–and getting–help. Treatment for these conditions may also be difficult to maintain. Homeless people might miss treatment sessions, have to relocate, or feel unable to add repeated treatment to their lifestyle. These factors can make healthcare providers less willing to work with the homeless population1. 

Active addiction could also make getting short and long-term help difficult.

The symptoms and effects of addiction can mirror some mental illnesses, like schizophrenia. Some drugs, like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and opioids7, can cause psychosis. Many substances, including alcohol and weed, put you in an altered state of mind. This can make decisions difficult, even important ones about your health and wellbeing.

But for each barrier to treatment, even if they seem insurmountable, you have opportunities to reach them. Help awaits.

Find Support for Homelessness and Addiction

Homelessness and drug addiction don’t have to be your story. 

You can begin your recovery journey by finding shelter, if you’re living unsheltered. Some shelters take in men only or women only, while others welcome all genders. Others specifically welcome teens and runaways. Here’s a few options to consider:  

While shelters offering treatment options for substance use disorders (SUDs) aren’t as common as regular homeless shelters, they do exist across America. Most of these SUD-specific shelters provide medication-assisted treatment8 (MAT) for opioid use to combat the growing opioid epidemic. They also provide encouragement, hope, and can lower the mortality rates of addiction and overdose.
You can also find treatment in a residential rehab center as your journey continues. To see rehabs that treat drug and alcohol addiction, you can browse our list of centers with pricing, reviews, photos, and insurance.

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Contingency Management: An Evidence-Based Approach to Addiction Recovery

Recovering from addiction is hard work. It can take conscious effort to resist cravings. However, some treatment centers use contingency management to reward you for continuing abstinence from drugs or alcohol. And those rewards help you focus on healing, even during stressful times.

What Is Contingency Management (CM)?

Contingency management (CM) is a behavioral treatment option1 for people recovering from substance use disorder. This therapy revolves around positive reinforcement. In other words, patients get rewards for certain activities, encouraging them to keep it up. When you’re in addiction recovery, you might get rewards for sobriety or just for staying in treatment.

Contingency management theory is based on the idea that changing your environment can change your behavior. In an environment that rewards sobriety, you’re more likely to commit to addiction treatment. Treatment rewards include tangible prizes, like vouchers or even cash.

For example, if you submit a drug-negative urine sample or attend your scheduled therapy session, then your therapist might give you a voucher. And the longer you sustain this positive behavior, the larger the rewards get. So after one day of drug-free urine samples, you could receive $1. After a year of proven, sustained abstinence, you could receive up to $100. But if you relapse, your rewards will reset back to the beginning.

How Does Contingency Management Work?

The first step in many contingency management therapy programs is writing a contract between the provider and the patient.2 In this contract, you’ll agree to:

  • Perform a specific type of desired behavior (like abstinence from drugs and alcohol or attending other therapy sessions)
  • Stay in treatment for a certain amount of time
  • Submit drug tests on a set schedule

In turn, your provider will commit to giving you specific, predictable rewards based on your behavior. If you keep the commitments in this contract, you’ll know exactly which rewards to expect.

Most people are in contingency management programs for a year3 or less. Depending on your program, you may have to submit urine tests daily4 or 2-3 times a week. You may test in your therapist’s office before attending a counseling session, or you might have to submit tests through a third-party testing center.

The rewards you earn also depend on your program. One popular reward option is a voucher that you exchange for goods, which increase in value the longer you stay sober. Other programs give you money, gift cards, or the opportunity to win prizes like movie passes. Some states limit the total amount5 that patients can earn. For example, in Virginia, patients can only earn up to $75 annually.

CM can be helpful in every phase of recovery. For example, many patients use this approach during detox from substances like opioids, in combination with other treatments. It may also be a good aftercare option for people leaving residential rehab.

Contingency Management as Part of Your Larger Treatment Plan

Contingency management is a supplementary therapy, so it likely won’t be the only addiction treatment you use. Most providers combine this treatment with medication, talk therapy, or other types of care.

Contingency Management and Pharmacotherapy

If your treatment plan includes medication-assisted treatment for substance use, like methadone, your CM program may reward you for taking your medication. You might also get rewards for safely taking methadone doses at home,6 or reaching other recovery milestones.

CM is very effective for patients using methadone maintenance therapy7 and other addiction medications. Participating in contingency management therapy actually improves the outcomes of these treatments.

Because drug tests are a regular part of most contingency management programs, make sure your entire team knows about any medications you’re taking. Most providers will include that information in your initial CM contract. This helps patients stay accountable throughout treatment.

Contingency Management With Other Psychosocial Therapies

Combining contingency management with other types of therapy can maximize the benefits of treatment. Rehabs like Renaissance Recovery in California integrate contingency management into their programs for this very reason. Patients attend both behavioral and psychotherapy sessions to learn new relapse prevention techniques. For example, you might combine CM with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).

Some studies suggest that contingency management helps most in the short term,8 while other methods like motivational interviewing can help you commit to long-term sobriety. However, other studies show that patients who have undergone contingency management therapy in the past continue to abstain from drugs9 or alcohol even after they stop getting rewards.

Can Contingency Management Help With Addiction?

Contingency management is a very effective treatment10 option for addiction to opioids, stimulants, alcohol, benzodiazepines, marijuana, and tobacco. Researchers from Washington State University describe contingency management as “one of the most effective behavioral interventions11 for initiating and maintaining abstinence from alcohol and drugs.” Dr. Nora Volkow, Director of the U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse takes it even further, saying “we don’t need more science to show the effectiveness of contingency management.12 We need more treatment centers to implement it.”

CM works because of the way addiction affects your brain’s reward systems.13 As addiction develops, your brain starts to only recognize pleasure (the reward) when you drink or use drugs. Even things that used to bring you pleasure—like family time or career success—start to feel less rewarding. Contingency management replaces the reward of getting high with that of getting a prize. It motivates patients to sustain abstinence because of this potential reward.

Contingency Management for Teens

Data supports contingency management as a treatment for teens14 with addiction. Experts say that family involvement is vital to this process. Some rehabs can facilitate that through group therapy sessions. For example, your program may offer CM as part of family therapy.15

Contingency management can help teens with more than addiction recovery. It’s also effective for young people on probation15 and students using CM to stay in school.

Other Benefits of Contingency Management

CM can also help adults with a variety of goals. For example, some treatment programs strategically use their vouchers to promote drug-free activities.17 So you may receive a voucher for a free class at the local yoga studio, which encourages you to learn a new skill and have fun without using drugs. Finding new ways to enjoy yourself is an essential part of recovery.

Contingency management also helps patients build confidence.18 Tangible signs of your own success can boost your self-worth. It’s also easy to track your progress as each reward increases in value. Plus, earning small rewards consistently can add moments of happiness as you begin a new chapter of your life.

Contingency Management Rewards You for the Hard Work of Recovery

For many people, sustained recovery doesn’t come from a single type of therapy. Because addiction impacts every aspect of your life, treatment has to do the same. Talk therapy can teach you healthier coping skills, and complementary treatments can help you explore your emotions. While you’re doing that, contingency management both validates and rewards your progress.

Search rehabs to find a program that meets your needs and reach out to centers directly.

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Is My Loved One Using Cocaine? How to Tell If Someone Is Using Cocaine

Cocaine doesn’t have to control your loved one. The first step to their recovery might be recognizing signs of use, and then you can help them find a rehab for cocaine addiction. 

You both have resources for recovery. But the more you know about cocaine use, and how to spot it, can help you help the ones you love. 

How to Spot Cocaine Use

Spotting cocaine use can be tricky. It has a seemingly endless list of slang names and pseudo-identities, making it hard to decipher what your loved one might be talking about. They could hide their behavior with more than sneaky names, too. But there are signs to look for1. 

Physical Signs

  • Dilated pupils
  • Lack of appetite—it might seem like they barely eat
  • Rapid weight loss
  • Poor sleep
  • Disheveled appearance, lack of hygiene 

Emotional And Mental Signs

  • Paranoid without reason
  • Hyperactivity—“bouncing off the walls”
  • Irritability
  • Anxious, more so than usual 
  • Extreme startle reactions, like jumping at the sound of a cabinet shutting

Along with knowing the signs of cocaine use, you can also familiarize yourself with the street names for cocaine.

Slang Names for Cocaine

The nicknames for cocaine2 might surprise you. They’re creative, to put it positively. And they change based on the form of cocaine (crack, regular cocaine) and what it’s mixed with. 

There’s a lot to keep track of, but knowing even just a few can help.

  • Snow
  • Stardust
  • Stash
  • Bouncing Powder
  • Coke
  • Coca
  • Flake
  • Devil’s Dandruff
  • Florida Snow
  • Joy Flakes

You can also educate yourself on cocaine itself, and how it affects the mind and body.

What Is Cocaine?

Cocaine comes from the leaves of the coca plant1. It grows in South America. From there, it’s smuggled all across the globe.

Cocaine causes a rush of euphoria3, which can last 2-20 minutes. This rush comes from a build up of dopamine in the brain—dopamine stacks up on the transmitters meant to receive it4, causing an intense flood of pleasure. 

Neurotransmitters like dopamine jump between nerves and target cells. If the receptors aren’t working, all the received dopamine has nowhere to go—causing the high. Altering the usual transmission of dopamine can actually change the structure and function of your brain over time. 

The crash, or comedown, from this high can quickly prompt a redose, sometimes until supplies or money run out. This is considered a binge1.

You can ingest cocaine in multiple ways1. Some snort the white powder up their nose. Or, you might mix it with water and inject the mixture into a vein, using a syringe. If it’s crack cocaine, you can smoke it.

Is There a Difference Between Cocaine and Crack?

Chemically, no. Cocaine and crack are the same thing5, just in different forms. Crack isn’t any cheaper, either6. But it is more potent, easy to ingest, and wildly addictive.

Crack looks like rocks, or crystals. It’s a smokeable version of cocaine5, derived from the same coca plant as cocaine. 

For crack cocaine, you might see some of these slang terms:

  • Rock
  • Moon Rock
  • Apple Jack
  • Dice
  • Sleet
  • Yahoo
  • Yale
  • Top Gun
  • Base, Basing

Mucous membranes absorb cocaine and crack cocaine7. You have a huge plane of mucous membrane in your lungs—the alveoli responsible for bringing oxygen to your blood. The inhaled crack smoke absorbs into the alveoli in the lungs rapidly, causing a nearly immediate high.

A crack cocaine high fades faster, though. To avoid the crash, people might keep smoking until they run out of crack. And the more they ingest, the more likely they are to overdose and have negative long-term effects8. 

The Effects of Cocaine Use

Cocaine use can lead to heart problems8, like cardiac arrest and strokes. Inhaling it as crack can cause respiratory conditions. Snorting it could completely degrade your nasal passage over time. 

Short-term, the effects of cocaine could range from paranoia to seizures9. And rarely, cocaine can cause sudden death after just one use. 

Repeated use takes up more and more money and time. And the more it’s used, the more your brain changes. Addiction and tolerance to the drug can set in quickly1. 

Cocaine use can also have unpredictable effects, usually caused by what it’s been cut with. The cutting agent could be harmless, but that’s not always the case.

What Is Cocaine Cut With?

Dealers may cut cocaine to up their profit10, selling a “watered down” version to unsuspecting buyers. Powder cocaine could be cut with baking soda, caffeine, sugars, or anesthetics. Visually, you’d likely never know it wasn’t pure cocaine.

But cocaine could have harmful additives. Levamisole, a veterinary drug that kills parasites10, has made its way into 70% of cocaine in America. It causes necrosis11, which kills and rots the skin. 

You can also mix cocaine with other drugs for new, sometimes preferred, effects.

Cocaine Mixtures

Users seeking a different high mix cocaine with other substances, like marijuana and tobacco. Nicknames for these mixtures include Woo-Woo, Woolies, Candy Flipping, Cocoa Puffs, and Boy-Girl.

Certain blends, like alcohol and cocaine, are notably more dangerous. Cocaine and alcohol react12 and form a heart-toxic chemical, cocaethylene. Heroin and cocaine mix to form a speedball9, or an opiate and depressant blend. But cocaine wears off faster than heroin, potentially slowing your breathing to null as the full sedative effect of heroin hits.

No mixture is predictable, or safe. Neither is cocaine by itself. But, for single and blended use, you can find recovery. 

Treatment for Cocaine Addiction

Cocaine addiction often requires a multi-pronged approach—detox, therapy, and medications13. And the more research scientists do, the better these options become. There’s even a cocaine vaccine in the works14. 

Your loved one will most likely need to detox from cocaine in a safe, clinically monitored setting. There, they’ll have constant supervision, comfort medications, and begin the therapeutic healing process. This could be at a detox center or a residential rehab with on-site detox. 

Once cocaine has left their system, inner healing work can begin.

Therapy for Addiction

Therapy can address and heal the causing factors of addiction. It can also motivate and empower your loved one to commit to their recovery, even when it gets hard. 

Behavioral therapies like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can challenge unhelpful thoughts and beliefs15. You’ll learn to shift your perspective of yourself to one that’s more positive. Rather than thinking “I’ll never get better”, CBT would challenge the thought with “Why not?”.

Dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT)16 addresses black-and-white thinking. Your loved one can accept the problem of cocaine use and know they can get better. DBT can help with relapse too, as it helps patients identify unhelpful thoughts that could lead back to old coping mechanisms. 

The 12 Steps

The 12-Step program offers a place for members to connect and recover in a respected treatment program. Members follow 12 steps together, learning responsibility, accountability, and forgiveness. And the 12 Steps can run in and out of treatment—you don’t have to be in rehab to find a local group to attend. 

The 12 Steps are often called AA (alcoholics anonymous) meetings. For cocaine use, you’ll likely see them called CA (cocaine anonymous). Each uses 12-Step practices to help members stay accountable and sober.

Aftercare

Contingency management (CM) can inspire greater dedication, during and after residential treatment. CM programs usually give out money, snacks, or vouchers as a reward13. And since you’ll actually get a reward for staying sober, attending recovery meetings, and going to treatment, you might find yourself more motivated to do it. 

Your loved one can also keep attending 12-Step meetings as a form of aftercare. If they go to a residential rehab, they might have the opportunity to attend alumni groups, too. 

Continued therapy and medications, if prescribed, can both contribute to long-term success. That’s why they’re both common forms of aftercare for cocaine addiction. If your loved one goes to rehab, they might offer continued 1:1 therapy with the same therapist. If not, they’ll likely connect you to further therapy as part of their discharge service.

Find Power Through Recovery

If you think your loved one is using cocaine, know that they, and yourself, have recovery resources. They can find new power and hope through recovery—addiction isn’t the end. 

You can browse our list of rehabs for cocaine to see pricing, reviews, insurance, and photos of each facility. 


Family members, you can check out these support groups: Co-Anon, Families Anonymous, and Stronger Together.

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Treating Addiction With Acupuncture

Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese healing modality. And in recent decades, it’s also grown popular in the U.S. Millenia of use show that it can safely treat a wide variety of conditions.

Many rehabs offer acupuncture as part of a holistic approach to recovery. It isn’t meant to replace traditional options like talk therapy and medication, but it can still be an effective and important part of treatment. 

What is Acupuncture?

Acupuncture is a form of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).1 In most sessions, the practitioner inserts a number of small needles into your skin. Each needle is carefully placed to achieve a particular goal. Some practitioners also offer these alternative types of acupuncture:2

  • Electrical stimulation, also known as “electroacupuncture,” moves electrical pulses through the needles. One study found that this slowed down heart rate, increased relaxation and tranquility, and decreased tension and distress.
  • Laser acupuncture uses light instead of needles. This option may be best for people who don’t like needles, and it’s proven just as effective as traditional acupuncture.
  • During warm-needling, or heat acupuncture,3 the practitioner inserts warm needles into the body.

Acupuncturists are licensed professionals with extensive training. If you get acupuncture in rehab, you may have regular sessions throughout your time there. The clinician will likely create a long-term plan of care, and track your progress after each treatment. 

What Happens During an Acupuncture Session?

In your first acupuncture session,4 the practitioner will take your health history. You’ll describe any current symptoms, and they’ll perform a physical exam. During the session itself, your provider will use needles to stimulate acupuncture points. There are about 350 of these points located on 14 meridians on the body, each with a different purpose. The clinician will plan needle placement around your physical, emotional, and spiritual needs. 

Next, you’ll lie down in a calm and quiet treatment room. The acupuncturist will insert needles into various parts of your body. These needles are much smaller than the ones used in most medical procedures. While you may feel some discomfort when they’re first put in place, the process is rarely painful.

In most acupuncture sessions, the provider will then leave you alone for 10-20 minutes. You can use this time to relax, meditate, or process any emotions that come up. Then the acupuncturist will return and remove the needles. They may ask you about your experience, or even perform another physical exam.

Because this is a holistic treatment, it can help you heal every aspect of yourself. This includes physical, emotional, and spiritual concerns. Acupuncturists aim to achieve this by improving the flow of qi, or vital energy.

What is Qi, and Why is it Important?

Acupuncture is based in the belief that the flow of vital energy through the body can impact your health. Acupuncturists refer to this vital energy as qi.4

Qi moves through the body via meridians, or distinct energetic channels. If the meridians get blocked, the flow of qi is interrupted. Acupuncture uses needles to break up these blockages. This helps qi flow freely again, and reach a state of equilibrium. Once your qi is in balance, you can reestablish physical and spiritual wellness. 

Side Effects and Limitations

Most people find that acupuncture doesn’t hurt.4 Some clients experience numbness or a small amount of pain or tingling. This is actually called “de-qi,” and may be a sign of successful treatment. If you’re a candidate for acupuncture, there is a very low risk of serious side effects. 

However, this treatment isn’t safe for everyone. You should avoid acupuncture4 if you have any of the following conditions: 

  • an active infection, especially involving the skin
  • cancer
  • a decreased white blood cell count
  • psychosis or delusions

Make sure you talk to your provider about any concerns before your first session. You can also consult with your doctor to make sure this treatment is safe for you.

How Effective Is Acupuncture?

Experts have been using acupuncture to treat various health concerns for centuries. Despite this, Western scientists call for more scientific data on the subject. This is partly because the research that’s currently available shows promising results. 

Physical Health

Studies show that acupuncture is effective at treating many conditions,4 including the following:

  • back pain
  • knee pain
  • headaches
  • muscle pain
  • hot flashes
  • nausea and vomiting

It not only helps with ongoing issues; acupuncture can also treat acute pain.5 Research even suggests that for some clients, it can replace opioid use. This may be especially helpful for clients healing from addictions related to chronic pain.   

Mental Health

If you’re in addiction recovery acupuncture might be a viable alternative to prescription drugs.6 Data suggests this therapy can treat many diagnoses, like anxiety and depression. 

Acupuncture is especially good at alleviating depressive symptoms7 for clients who engage in ongoing treatment. This might even mean that you continue to get acupuncture after you leave rehab. 

Acupuncture for Addiction

The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized acupuncture as a legitimate treatment for substance abuse8 in 1996. Today, over 700 rehab facilities offer acupuncture as part of addiction treatment.

One of those centers is The Hope House Scottsdale. “Addiction disconnects mind from body, so we work on reconnecting the two,” explains Brenna Gonzalez, clinical director. Her team uses acupuncture to help clients strengthen the connection between mind and body. This treatment can have a powerful impact on people in every stage of addiction recovery.

Detox and Withdrawal

Acupuncture can help reduce the severity of some withdrawal symptoms.6 It is especially helpful for emotional symptoms, like anxiety. More research is needed to determine whether acupuncture can help with the physical symptoms of detox.9 But because this treatment has few negative side effects, it may be worth trying in any stage of recovery.

Accessible Treatment

Auricular acupuncture, or “ear acupuncture,”10 uses needles to stimulate parts of the ear. This localized treatment lets clients stand and walk around during the session. It may be a good option if you can’t comfortably sit still for long periods. Research suggests that this type of acupuncture can effectively treat several types of addiction.8

Acupuncture Can Reduce Cravings and Prevent Relapse

Acupuncture may help the body find homeostasis6—a healthy state of biochemical balance. Experts believe that acupuncture can affect the same neurotransmitters that regulate addictive behavior. Treatment may minimize cravings, helping you guard against relapse.

Is Acupuncture for You?

Acupuncture is a powerful treatment method. This therapy balances your energy, helping you gather strength for your ongoing recovery journey. If you’d like to take a holistic approach to healing, this therapy might be a good fit. 

Browse our list of rehab programs that offer acupuncture to learn more about their amenities, treatment philosophies, and other alternative therapies.

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Demystifying Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

Traditional therapy and medications aren’t always effective for treating mental health disorders. If this is the case for you, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) could be a viable alternative. This non-invasive treatment works by stimulating different parts of your brain to alleviate symptoms of mental health conditions like depression and PTSD.

Your primary care physician, mental health treatment provider, or rehab treatment team can help you determine if TMS is right for you.

Health Conditions TMS Can Treat

TMS can be used to treat1 several conditions:

About 20-30% of patients with MDD continue to experience depressive symptoms2 despite therapy and medication. For those patients, looking for alternatives to traditional treatment approaches is often a logical next step. TMS shows significant potential to improve depressive symptoms among people with treatment-resistant depression and PTSD. It may take several weeks to see results, so it’s imperative for patients to consistently attend the number of sessions prescribed by their doctor.

Repetitive TMS, or rTMS, has also been shown to be successful for anxiety and bipolar disorders,3 although it’s more effective in treating depression than manic episodes. It may also speed up recovery after a stroke, and help alleviate symptoms that arise after the event. In addition, low-frequency rTMS can help control the symptoms of Tourette syndrome and OCD. High-frequency rTMS helps people quit smoking by reducing cravings. rTMS can even reduce cocaine use and cravings4 in people struggling with addiction.

What Exactly Is TMS?

TMS is a non-invasive procedure that stimulates brain tissue5 by producing a high- or low-intensity magnetic field through a copper wire. There are 3 main methods of TMS used today:

  • Single-pulse TMS (spTMS) stimulates the motor cortex while a machine measures and records electrical activity.
  • Paired-pulse TMS (ppTMS) delivers 2 pulses through the same coil, with long or short intervals in between.
  • Repetitive TMS (rTMS) is a popular variation of TMS that applies repeating pulses to a specific area of the brain. This method treats the symptoms that come from mental health disorders. Deep TMS (dTMS)6 is a newer type of rTMS that stimulates deep brain areas because their larger helmet allows for more surface area. All Points North Lodge is one rehab center that offers dTMS treatment.

Typically, spTMS and ppTMS evaluate brain functioning, while rTMS actually creates changes in the brain. If you’re treated for a mental health condition, you’ll most likely undergo rTMS. There are several different coils available for use in TMS treatment. The specialists who deliver your treatment will determine the best one for your needs.

You can either complete TMS sessions at an inpatient rehab center (Inspire Malibu, for example, offers this in partnership with a physician’s office) or at a private clinic as an outpatient. In the latter option, you’d stay at home and commute to your sessions each day.

What Happens During a TMS Session?

Before you undergo any TMS procedures,7 you’ll take a physical and mental health screening to confirm your candidacy. This includes discussions of symptoms, conditions, and any medications you take with your treatment team, who will then guide you through the process.

During your session, you’ll sit in a reclining chair with earplugs (or some sort of hearing protection) with an electromagnetic coil attached to your head. The Dawn Rehab in Thailand even lets you listen to music so you feel as comfortable as possible. During rTMS (the most common type of TMS procedure), the operating physician will turn the coil on and off repeatedly to deliver pulses to your brain. During this process, you’ll feel a tapping sensation, called “mapping.” The professional administering rTMS will slowly increase the dose of magnetic energy to determine the right amount for you.

Most people don’t find TMS painful,8 but some people may feel slight discomfort. The Dawn Rehab describes their TMS sessions:

“A TMS-trained nurse will place an electromagnetic coil against your head which will painlessly deliver brief magnetic pulses – the same as those used in MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) machines – to the region of the brain involved in mood control and depression.”

After your session, you can continue your regular daily routine as usual.

How Long Are TMS Sessions?

Duration can vary from person to person, and will also depend on your diagnosis. Standard rTMS treatment for major depressive disorder,9 for example, averages around 20-30 daily sessions for around 4-6 weeks. However, research recommends a minimum of 6 weeks. One study found that 38.4% of MDD patients responded well to just 4 weeks of treatment, but then surveyed patients who didn’t respond well to the initial 4 weeks after an additional 12 weeks of biweekly sessions. 61% of those patients responded well to the longer treatment phase.

Some studies have explored another, faster form of rTMS called “accelerated rTMS” or arTMS. During rTMS, people undergo multiple sessions in one day. Some studies suggest promising outcomes from this procedure, but more research will determine if this is actually a more viable option. Theta burst stimulation (TBS) is another, newer form of rTMS that can produce quicker results.10 Some studies found that, after only 5 days, patients enrolled in TBS arTMS trials reported success rates of 90%.

Some people may continue to attend “maintenance sessions” after their first set of TMS sessions. This involves slowly reducing the number of sessions per week from 3 to 1, which is eventually reduced to 1 session every 2 weeks. However, some people stop rTMS altogether, and go back to therapy and medications after completing their sessions. Unfortunately, rTMS maintenance isn’t well studied, and needs more research before making any determinations.

Should You Try TMS Therapy? Consider the Cons

While TMS has relatively few drawbacks, they do exist. Side effects are possible, but are usually minimal. And, TMS can be expensive and time-consuming. However, it may still be worth it for you, since lifting your depression to any degree can greatly impact your quality of life. Here are some factors to consider before trying TMS:

Possible Side Effects

Although TMS is non-invasive and seldom produces side effects,11 it can cause seizures in rare cases, and doctors do not recommend it for patients with epilepsy. While the risk of a seizure is small (less than 0.01% if you don’t have epilepsy, and less than 3% if you do), it’s still a possibility. If any of the following apply to you, you may be more likely to experience seizures:

  • Pre-existing neurological conditions
  • Adolescent
  • Changes in medication
  • Active substance use

You should talk to your doctor if you have any metal or electronic implants that will be near the TMS coil. This includes cochlear implants. These may cause problems with the therapy, and can be dangerous.

You may feel some slight discomfort in your scalp or neck during the procedure or pain afterward. You might also become more sensitive to sounds or experience ringing in your ears—which is why treatment providers should always provide ear protection. Some people report feeling fatigued afterward. However, it’s unlikely that you’ll encounter any of these side effects, and if you do, they will most likely be mild and short-lived.

Cost

rTMS is expensive,12 ranging from $200-300 USD per visit in a private clinic. If you complete the full course recommended by your doctor, you may end up paying $5,000-10,000 USD. Of course, this can differ depending on the duration and number of sessions you attend. Check with rehabs you’re considering to see if TMS is included in the cost of your program, or how much additional costs are.

Could TMS Provide the Relief You’ve Been Looking For?

Being unresponsive to treatment is incredibly frustrating when you’re living with depression or other mental health issues. But the good news is, you still have options. Alternative treatments like TMS just might do the trick for you, and the simple act of being open to trying something new can empower you to move forward in your recovery journey.

To learn more about residential treatment programs that offer this and other alternative therapies, browse our collection of rehabs and connect with centers directly.

Frequently Asked Questions About Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Addiction Treatment

How does Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) work for addiction treatment?

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate specific areas of the brain. It works by delivering targeted magnetic pulses to activate or inhibit brain cells, which can help regulate mood and alleviate symptoms of mental health conditions.

Is Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation safe for treating depression and anxiety?

Yes, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation is considered a safe procedure for treating conditions like depression and anxiety. It has been extensively studied and approved by regulatory authorities. Common side effects may include mild headache or scalp discomfort during or after the session, but these are generally well-tolerated.

What are the potential benefits and risks of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation?

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation offers several potential benefits, including its non-invasiveness, minimal side effects, and efficacy in treating certain mental health conditions. However, it may not be suitable for everyone, and some individuals may experience rare side effects such as seizures. It’s essential to consult with a qualified healthcare provider to determine if TMS is a suitable treatment option.

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Finding Treatment for Cocaine Addiction

Cocaine addiction can wreak havoc on a person’s life. And once you’re caught in the cycle of substance misuse, healing may seem out of reach. That’s a misperception. Recovery is always possible. For some people, rehab for cocaine addiction is the best place to start.

“Cocaine is the most commonly reported illicit stimulant used in the U.S.”1 Because its abuse is so common, this drug has been the subject of widespread research. As a result, many treatment programs are well-equipped to help patients recover from cocaine misuse.

The Prevalence of Cocaine Addiction

Cocaine is a stimulant2 derived from the coca plant native to South America. It can briefly increase a person’s energy, self-confidence, sociability, and mood. Because the effects of cocaine3 are so short-lived, it can quickly become habit-forming. Long-term use may cause less desirable effects, such as cause paranoia, hypersensitivity, and irritability.

The history of cocaine4 is strongly connected to mental health. In fact, its popularity can be traced back more than a century. “In 1884, Sigmund Freud detailed his experiments with cocaine, recommending it for treatment of opiate addiction and melancholia.” However, he did not account for its negative effects, and reportedly struggled with addiction for much of his life. Unfortunately, his endorsement of the drug helped make it socially acceptable for some time, for both medical and recreational purposes.

Reported drug abuse statistics5 paint a clear and distressing picture of cocaine use today. According to the National Center for Drug Abuse Statistics, 2% of people in the U.S., or 5.5 million people, reported taking cocaine in 2018. As of 2022, more recent data is not yet available. Researchers also caution against comparing current data about drug use and health6 with surveys taken before 2020, since the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way surveys are conducted.

Cocaine use can have serious ill effects on both physical and mental health. Deaths caused by cocaine overdose in the U.S.7 have skyrocketed in recent years, increasing from nearly 4,000 in 1999 to nearly 16,000 in 2019. Because cocaine increases blood pressure8 and heart rate, it may cause strokes or respiratory failure. “Even first time users may experience seizures or heart attacks, which can be fatal.”

Because of these potential outcomes, cocaine misuse is extremely dangerous. However, patients don’t develop substance use disorders by choice. You may be highly susceptible to addiction despite your own better judgment, or desire to remain healthy. And some patients may be at a higher risk for developing a psychological dependence on cocaine.

Risk Factors for Cocaine Addiction

Certain demographics are especially vulnerable to cocaine misuse. Patients who exhibit one or more of the following risk factors may be at higher risk for this condition, or may require specialized care.

Adolescence

Teenagers may be more susceptible to developing cocaine addictions.9 Relative to adults, “adolescents show greater intake of cocaine, acquire cocaine self-administration more rapidly, work harder for the drug and are less sensitive to increases in price.” In layman’s terms, young people do more of this drug than adults, and are willing to work harder to obtain it.

Adolescents also face social pressures that may not impact adult behavior. Specifically, many teenagers develop substance use disorders10 while trying to fit in with their peer groups. Parents of adolescents should take note of any drastic behavioral changes, as these may indicate the onset of addiction. Teens with substance use disorders may show less interest in activities they used to enjoy, pay less attention in school, or start spending time with new friends who encourage these behaviors. By itself, any one of these signs may be a normal part of adolescence; however, sudden and extreme behavioral changes can be a cause for concern.

Novelty-Seeking Personality Traits

According to one study, “cocaine addiction has been associated with several distinct behavioral/personality traits.” For example, novelty-seeking behavior is associated with cocaine abuse.11 And in particular, people with sensation-seeking tendencies may be more vulnerable to cocaine use. However, people with high impulsivity are more vulnerable to cocaine addiction.

These traits may be genetic, learned, or influenced by a person’s environment and life circumstances. More research is needed to understand the link between personality, behavior, and substance use disorders.

Neurochemical Effects of Cocaine Use

Cocaine has a direct effect on the way the brain processes dopamine, which regulates the reward system.12

During normal brain activity, this neurotransmitter is released, binds to dopamine receptors, and is then recycled by a protein called the dopamine transporter. “If cocaine is present,” however, “it attaches to the dopamine transporter and blocks the normal recycling process, resulting in a buildup of dopamine in the synapse, which contributes to the pleasurable effects of cocaine.”13

In the short term, this can be enjoyable. In the long term, however, cocaine use can change brain function.14 The drug causes neurochemical imbalances, which make it difficult for the patient to feel a sense of pleasure or achievement without substance misuse. Over time, “the brain will gain a tolerance to feelings of pleasure and it will take more and more of the drug to achieve the same level of euphoria.”

What’s more, the act of abusing any substance affects dopamine levels.15 This is because the experience of ingesting a drug can trigger the release of the chemical, whether or not that drug has an effect on dopamine levels. This feeds into the cycle of addiction, in which the patient continues using illicit substances in order to feel any sense of reward. This effect is amplified with substances that have a direct effect on dopamine to begin with.

Treatment for Cocaine Addiction

Substance use disorders are treatable. No matter how long you’ve been using cocaine, or what impact it’s had on your life, change is always possible. And because its misuse is so prevalent, experts have been perfecting cocaine addiction treatment options16 for decades.

At present, “there are no medications approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat cocaine addiction,17 though researchers are exploring a variety of neurobiological targets.” However, there are a number of effective therapeutic and behavioral interventions. And the first step toward healing is to learn about the options available.

Detox

Cocaine withdrawal18 may or may not have any physical symptoms. Unlike alcohol and opiates, detox from this substance is rarely life-threatening. That being said, it can be extremely uncomfortable and psychologically distressing.

If at all possible, it’s best to go through this process under medical care. If you attend a detox program, you’ll be closely monitored by a team of doctors, nurses, and therapists, possibly including a psychiatrist. Patients may receive non-addictive prescriptions to help them manage the symptoms of withdrawal. This experience can also help you transition into a longer-term rehab program.

Learn More: What You Need to Know About Detox

Rehab

Studies have shown that long-term rehab for cocaine dependence can be extremely effective.19 By attending a residential program, patients can take time away from triggers and difficult life circumstances, which may have been caused or exacerbated by their substance use. During that time, they can begin talk therapy, attend support groups, and make plans to live a healthier, more sustainable life after treatment.

Psychotherapy

Several therapeutic modalities can be effective in treating cocaine misuse. Researchers are most optimistic about contingency management (CM), a behavioral therapy that activates the patient’s reward system.

According to one study, contingency management is “perhaps the most effective psychosocial treatment” for cocaine use disorder.”20 In this treatment, patients receive vouchers redeemable for goods and services in the community, contingent upon achieving a predetermined therapeutic goal. CM treatment has been found to be especially effective in promoting initial abstinence from cocaine.”

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has also been shown to help these patients, although it may not be as productive as CM. This might be because CM has a more direct impact on brain chemistry, whereas CBT is skills-based.

Long-Term Recovery From Cocaine Addiction

Patients with a history of cocaine abuse can improve dramatically. In fact, detox and recovery from cocaine misuse can help you recover brain function.21 One 2017 study provided “early evidence that individuals with cocaine use disorder have the potential to at least partially reverse prefrontal cortex damage accompanying cocaine misuse, and regain associated cognitive abilities important for executive functions when cocaine use is stopped or significantly decreased.” In other words, you may be able to physically heal your brain during recovery.

But healing isn’t just about physical improvement. It’s also the process of building a better life. And in order to achieve that, patients must stay focused on recovery even after completing inpatient treatment. This ongoing commitment to healing may include regular talk therapy, attending support groups, or other modalities. For example, some studies have found that “greater participation in self-help programs” is an important factor in sustained recovery from cocaine dependence.22 ((McKay, J. R., Van Horn, D., Rennert, L., Drapkin, M., Ivey, M., & Koppenhaver, J. (2013). Factors in sustained recovery from cocaine dependence. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 45(2), 163–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2013.02.007))

Building a Better Life

When you have a history of substance misuse, recovery is often a lifelong process. That being said, it is absolutely possible to live a fulfilling life without cocaine use. Healing can even be fun! As you recalibrate your internal system of rewards, it’s important to do things you find enjoyable and exciting.

As you learn to make healthier choices, you can also begin building a new kind of confidence. And, best of all, you won’t be held back by the destabilizing pattern of substance abuse. Over time, you may find that joy is both more accessible and more sustainable.

If you’re ready to begin recovery, you can find a rehab center that treats cocaine addiction here.

Frequently Asked Questions About Cocaine Addiction Treatment

What are the treatment options for cocaine addiction?

Treatment options for cocaine addiction often include a combination of behavioral therapies, counseling, support groups, and medication in some cases. Individualized treatment plans are designed to address the specific needs of each person seeking recovery.

How long does treatment for cocaine addiction typically last?

The duration of treatment for cocaine addiction varies depending on factors such as personal progress, treatment goals, and circumstances. Treatment usually ranges from 2 weeks to 60 days. Some people benefit from longer treatment and ongoing aftercare support.

What should I look for in a luxury rehab for cocaine addiction?

When searching for a luxury rehab for cocaine addiction, it’s important to consider factors like clinical expertise, the level of personalized care, comfort, staff credentials, and confidentiality. It’s also important to verify accreditation and success rates. Most centers list accreditations directly on their site; CARF and the Joint Commission are the most common accreditation bodies.

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How Much Individual Treatment Do You Need in Rehab?

Recovery is an immensely personal journey, but it doesn’t have to be isolating. 1-on-1 treatment, otherwise known as individual therapy, offers the opportunity to build a unique and strong bond with your therapist or care provider. For many people, this personal connection facilitates healing in a powerful way.

Most rehab programs include a balance of one-on-one treatment, group therapy and activities, and family therapy. The goals of each are different, so one isn’t necessarily better than the other. They all have the potential to powerfully impact your treatment experience.

A core component of one-on-one treatment is the additional focus your provider has on you, allowing both of you to explore your situation in depth. Many people find this beneficial, and it might even be necessary for certain patients. Some conditions, for example, require one-on-one attention. Or if you’re a high-profile person, you may need to remain anonymous throughout treatment, which makes attending groups a challenge.

Here, we’ll guide you through the different aspects of one-on-one treatment.

Understanding One-On-One Treatment

Individual vs. Group Therapy: What’s the Difference?

Individual treatment is delivered in a different setting than group treatment, which impacts the therapeutic experience. Each modality has its own set of goals and outcomes.

Individual Therapy

In individual treatment, you attend one-on-one sessions with your therapist, counselor, or care provider. This type of environment offers some unique takeaways:

  • You are the focal point. Your provider focuses solely on you, allowing them to gain a deeper understanding of different aspects of your life.
  • You can address a wide range of topics per session. Because it’s just you and your provider, you can work through issues that may be more unique to your situation, like employment status, legal matters, and more.
  • You can make adjustments to your program. In a group setting, you may not have the opportunity to address your individual treatment plan. 1-on-1 sessions give you the space to discuss the nature and structure of your recovery program. If certain things aren’t working for you, you can talk to your provider about changing them.
  • You have greater privacy. You can work through your issues in confidentiality, but without having to go through your healing process alone.
  • You can work at a pace that’s comfortable for you. Addiction treatment involves a lot of goal-setting and skill-building work. During individual sessions, you can go through these at your own pace.

Group Therapy

Group therapy usually involves 5 or more people.1 One person leads these sessions, though a co-leader may be involved in larger groups. While some treatment facilities may have groups of 15 people or more, other rehabs have groups of around 6-8 people. Group settings offer a different dynamic from individual treatment:

  • The door opens for conversations to flow. Participants can jump in and offer feedback, creating opportunities to discover new insights.
  • You can focus on a topic that unites all participants. While conversation topics may fluctuate in individual treatment, group treatment often centers on a singular topic that involves all participants. For example, you may join a group that focuses on eating disorders or depression treatment.
  • Group treatment more closely resembles real-world situations. You’ll gain skills for being part of a community and speaking more openly with others.

What to Expect From a One-On-One Treatment Session

1. Getting to know you: Your first 1-on-1 treatment session may look different from the following ones. It’s an opportunity for you and your therapist to get to know one another. The relationship you build with your therapist is a fundamental aspect of individual treatment, so most therapists will use this chance to learn as much about you as possible. You can expect them to ask questions about your personal history, substance use history, needs, and goals. This is also a good time to address any questions or concerns you may have.

2. Laying out a treatment plan: Next, you’ll work on a treatment plan that’s suited toward your recovery goals. At centers that offer highly individualized care, like single-client rehabs, you have the option to be heavily involved in the planning process. For some people, taking such an active role in designing a treatment course might be overwhelming. If that’s the case, you can follow a predetermined plan laid out by your therapist. Once you’ve agreed to a treatment course, you’ll begin your sessions.

3. Open up in a private, safe environment: In an individual treatment session, you can discuss anything that comes up in private, without judgment. Your therapist will be there to guide you through challenging thoughts, behaviors, and feelings using various psychotherapy techniques. Goal setting and skill building are both key aspects of individual therapy. Skills you may learn include how to set healthy boundaries, or finding healthy ways to cope with emotional hardship. As you progress through your healing journey, you can expect your goals to change.

4. Doing the work outside of sessions: Your therapist will help guide you through your process. However, your readiness for change will influence what you get out of treatment. That is, the actual healing work falls on you. Oftentimes, this happens outside of therapy sessions. You’ll have time to reflect on your thoughts and behaviors while learning how to integrate lessons from therapy into your daily life. This process can help you glean further insight into your thoughts and feelings. Bringing this information into your next session allows you to dive deeper into the therapeutic process.

Common Types of Therapies Used in 1-on-1 Treatment

Most rehab programs offer a mix of psychotherapy, otherwise known as talk therapy, and experiential therapy. This helps maintain a balance between the intensity of talk therapy and the immersiveness of embodied experiences.

There are many different styles of psychotherapies and therapeutic activities. You may even want to choose a program depending on which of these they have available.

Psychotherapy

Popular types of individual therapies include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT).

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

As one of the most common types of therapies available, a majority of rehab programs offer cognitive behavioral therapy. CBT is an evidence-based treatment based on the principle that psychological issues stem from our thoughts, learned patterns, and behavior. In CBT, your therapist will take you through methodical strategies for changing your thought process, along with homework to put what you learn into practice. CBT is proven to reduce symptoms of mental health conditions2 like depression and anxiety.

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)

DBT is a proven effective evidence-based treatment3 approach that incorporates mindfulness techniques with practical skills to help you tolerate and regulate your emotions. DBT draws from principles of Zen Buddhism and teaches you that your emotions are valid, however,you’re not your emotions. Your therapist will guide you through 4 distinct modules of DBT, often taken from the first or second edition of Dr. Linehan’s original DBT workbook:4 mindfulness, emotional regulation, interpersonal effectiveness, and distress tolerance. DBT is especially beneficial for people with certain diagnoses, including borderline personality disorder and PTSD.

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

Acceptance and commitment therapy5 is an approach of behavioral therapy that focuses on mindfully accepting, rather than avoiding, unhelpful or challenging situations. The underlying thought behind ACT is that all of our feelings, even the difficult ones, are a necessary part of life. Your therapist will take you through techniques to help you accept your psychological experiences (acceptance). You’ll clarify your personal goals and values. From there, your therapist will teach you the skills to build psychological flexibility, so you have the tools to act in a way that’s in line with your values (commitment).

Experiential Therapy

Popular one-on-one experiential therapies offered at rehabs include animal-assisted therapy and different forms of physical movement.

Equine Therapy

Equine therapy involves working with horses to treat trauma and suffering from addiction. At some rehabs, a health professional will work with you alone through a series of activities designed to achieve therapeutic goals. In this 1-on-1 environment, they can help you process any emotions that come up in the moment. Benefits of equine therapy6 include improved social connection and self-esteem, enhancing your trust levels, becoming more perceptive to the needs of others, and more.

Physical fitness

Several studies reveal that physical exercise improves mental health,7 so you’ll see many private rehab centers that include physical fitness in their program. Some centers offer sessions with a personal trainer, allowing you to explore your fitness needs in depth.

The team at Paracelsus Recovery in Switzerland strives to gain a comprehensive understanding of their clients’ needs when it comes to fitness.

We start with an assessment process, looking at the client’s exercise history, what they’re doing, and whether they have injuries. We assess their relationship with fitness, whether they’ve been to a gym or have worked with a trainer before, and examine their current state of health. Then, we build the program around that. It’s really important for me to gauge their fitness levels and design the right type of exercises for it.

– Rowland Tweedie, Health and Fitness Manager, Paracelsus Recovery

If you’re searching for mental health or addiction treatment, it’s a good idea to look for a program that blends individual and group therapy. This can target various aspects of your recovery for a more complete healing journey.

Is Individual or Group Therapy More Beneficial?

Because everyone’s recovery journey is so unique, most rehab centers offer a number of healing modalities to accommodate different needs. This includes both individual and group therapy. Each has different goals, and both can be valuable to your healing journey. Some clients find that a blend of the 2 modalities is a good way to gain the benefits of both.

Benefits of Individual Therapy

1. The focus is on you: In individual therapy, all the focus is on you: conversations with your therapist are tailored to your story. Your therapist will try to gain a more in-depth understanding about different aspects of your life. This type of individualized attention can help you unpack very specific issues.

2. You can form stronger bonds with your therapist: The relationship between a patient and their therapist may be stronger in individual treatment,8 which has shown to result in lower drop-out rates.

3. Individual therapy may be more effective in the short term: A meta-analysis comparing individual versus group therapy in the treatment of adults with depression showed that individual therapy can be more effective9 than group therapy in the short term. There may be higher risk factors for drop out in group therapy10 due to challenges in compiling the right group. However, findings at this stage shouldn’t discourage people who may truly benefit from group therapy.

4. Your therapist can meet you where you’re at: Not everyone is at the same stage of readiness for change in their recovery journey. With individual treatment, your therapist can meet you where you are, and you can work on your issues at a pace that matches your situation.

5. You can open up in greater privacy: In individual treatment, it’s just you and your therapist. You’re working through your issues in complete confidentiality. For some clientele, like high-profile people, this level of privacy is a requirement.

6. Certain clientele require 1-on-1 focus: Some demographics have a unique set of needs for recovery, and certain conditions require more 1-on-1 attention. Someone with a dual diagnosis may need more individualized sessions with their psychiatrist, for example. Meanwhile, people with severe social anxiety may not be able to open up in group settings.

Benefits of Group Therapy

1. You have a support network: Many people who face mental health or substance use disorders feel isolated in their struggles. Speaking about it in a group setting can help you realize you’re not alone.

2. You can gain new perspectives: Group settings allow for dynamic conversations to occur. Other people in your group may offer feedback that helps you realize aspects of your healing you weren’t previously aware of.

3. Empowerment through support: An important aspect of group therapy is the peer support it offers. You may feel empowered to support others in their healing journey, and this can inspire your own.

4. Diversity of opinions: You can hear from diverse voices in a group setting. Seeing how different people work through their struggles may offer inspiration.

5. You can open up in a social setting: In group therapy, you have the opportunity to speak about topics you may not otherwise bring up in your normal social circles. Some people find it therapeutic to open up to others, and this teaches valuable social skills that you can carry into life outside of rehab.

How Many Clinical Hours Do Rehabs Actually Offer?

Inpatient programs at psychiatric or general hospitals11 offer an average of 4.2 hours per week of contact with medical professionals and 2.5 hours of contact with nonmedical professionals.

Good-quality private residential rehabs offer even more hours with a well-rounded clinical team. Many programs tend to provide 2 or more individual sessions a week.

For example, at McLean Fernside in Princeton, Massachusetts, “patients have the opportunity to meet with psychiatry 5 days a week and may meet with a case manager 3 times a week,” according to Quinn Tremblay, Admissions Coordinator.

More clinical hours with a therapist means you can address important emotions and needs as they come up. Your therapist has more time to learn about you, allowing you both to explore your situation thoroughly.

How Much 1-on-1 Treatment Do You Actually Need?

The length and duration of 1-on-1 treatment sessions you need will depend on your situation.

Usually, therapy sessions are 1 hour or more. According to the American Psychological Association (APA), “on average 15 to 20 sessions are required for 50 percent of patients to recover12 as indicated by self-reported symptom measures.”

Some conditions may require more treatment hours than others. If you have a dual diagnosis, where substance use co-occurs with another mental health disorder, you’ll find value in specialized care. The APA suggests that longer treatment programs for co-occurring conditions can result in more effective outcomes.13 They recommend around 60 sessions for 12 to 18 months.

Individual Treatment Lets You Dive Deeper Into Your Healing Process

1-on-1 treatment allows you to build more rapport with your therapist or care provider, which can aid recovery in powerful ways. Strong therapeutic relationships are a cornerstone of successful treatment. As you spend more 1-on-1 time with your therapist, you may find yourself more comfortable opening up about intimate aspects of your life. And in 1-on-1 settings, your healthcare provider is dedicated to offering care for your distinct situation.

It’s important to remember that other modalities, like group therapy and family therapy, also provide benefits that you may not be able to get from 1-on-1 treatment. Unless you need to attend a single-client program, most rehab centers offer a balance of group therapy and individual treatment for well-rounded care.

That being said, your circumstances and rehab program requirements are unique–not everyone is comfortable opening up in group therapy, and this can hinder the recovery process.

If you’re looking for the additional focus that individual treatment provides, browse our list of rehabs that offer 1-on-1 treatment.

Frequently Asked Questions About Individual Treatment in Rehab

What is individual therapy in rehab?

Individual therapy in rehab refers to one-on-one sessions with a trained therapist. It provides personalized attention. This lets individuals explore their unique challenges, develop coping skills, and work towards recovery goals in a private and supportive environment.

How does individual therapy help in rehab?

Individual therapy in rehab offers numerous benefits:

• Explore personal issues in a focused environment
• Address any co-occurring mental health conditions
• Identify underlying causes of addiction
• Gain individualized strategies for long-term recovery 
• Promotes self-reflection and emotional healing

What can I expect during individual therapy in rehab?

During individual therapy in rehab, you can expect a safe space to discuss your experiences, emotions, and concerns. Your therapist will guide the sessions and tailor them to your needs. Expect collaborative goal-setting, skill-building exercises, and ongoing support to help you navigate challenges and work toward sustainable recovery.

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What Is Rehab? Understanding Addiction Treatment, When to Get Help, and How Long It Takes

Are you wondering whether rehab is right for you or someone you care about? Maybe you’re unsure where to start, what kind of support is available, or how recovery even works. You’re not alone.

Rehab is more than just stopping substance use — it’s about reclaiming your health, restoring your relationships, and rebuilding your life. In this guide, we break down what rehab really involves helping you move forward.

1. Will Rehab Lead to Addiction Recovery?

Rehabilitation, or “rehab,” is a structured treatment program that helps you stop using drugs or alcohol and begin building a healthier life. It’s not a one-size-fits-all solution — rehab includes various evidence-based treatments tailored to your unique needs. These may involve medical support, therapy, and skill-building tools to help you reach and maintain recovery.

Being in rehab means actively engaging in a recovery process that goes beyond stopping substance use. Effective treatment should match your unique needs1 and often combines behavioral therapy with medication, especially for opioid or alcohol use disorders. While medications can support detox and long-term recovery, detox alone is not enough. For substances like cannabis or stimulants, behavioral therapies are the primary approach. Treatment also needs to address the mental, physical, and social aspects of your life to help you build a strong foundation for lasting change.

Illustration of a woman pulling a plant shaped like a liquor bottle from the ground, revealing deep red roots, symbolizing how rehab addresses the root causes of addiction. Text reads: “Rehab treats more than addiction — it heals what’s underneath.”

2. How Does Detox Work in Addiction Treatment?

Detox, short for detoxification, is often the first step in treatment. It’s the process of clearing substances from your body2 under medical supervision. This helps you manage withdrawal symptoms safely, which can range from mild (like restlessness) to severe (such as seizures).

Medical detox may involve medication to ease withdrawal symptoms and reduce cravings. The process varies depending on the substance and your level of dependence. Detox is designed to help you discontinue use safely and comfortably, but it isn’t a standalone solution. The goal is not always immediate abstinence — for some, it’s a step toward reducing harms and regaining control. Detox should be seen as a transitional phase that opens the door to longer-term recovery, including therapy and support services.

Infographic comparing the 4 main types of addiction rehab: Detox, Inpatient, Outpatient, and Sober Living. Each type includes a description, typical length of stay, and relative cost level. Detox involves 3–14 days of medical withdrawal support; inpatient offers 24/7 live-in care for 30–90+ days; outpatient provides structured therapy while living at home; and sober living offers peer-supported housing post-treatment.

3. When to Seek Addiction Treatment

If alcohol or drug use is harming your health, well-being, relationships, or daily life, it might be time to consider treatment. Roughly 8.6% of people need treatment for drug or alcohol issues,3 but far fewer actually seek help—often due to shame or thinking the problem isn’t serious. However, delaying treatment can lead to deeper consequences. While no addiction is untreatable, early intervention is key. If you’re unsure whether you need help, consider reviewing common signs that it might be time to speak with a counselor. Other signs include:

  • You need more of the substance to feel the same effect and substance use dominates your thoughts and daily life. As priorities shift, meaningful parts of your life—like relationships and responsibilities—may be replaced by the pursuit and use of drugs or alcohol. If your world begins to revolve around the substance, it may be time to reach out for support and take the first step toward freedom.
  • You tried to stop using substances but can’t do it alone, it’s time to seek help. Addiction changes your brain, making it hard to recover without support—and that’s not your fault. Professional treatment centers offer safe detox options, including medical support if needed, along with counseling to help you build healthy coping skills and maintain recovery.
  • You experience withdrawal symptoms when you stop. Withdrawal symptoms are a common—and often difficult—part of stopping substance use. They can range from physical discomfort to intense emotional distress, depending on the substance and your level of use. These symptoms aren’t a sign of weakness; they’re a signal that your body has become dependent. The good news is, you don’t have to face them alone. With professional support, withdrawal can be managed safely and more comfortably, setting you up for a stronger start to recovery.

It’s never too early to reach out and start your recovery journey. Asking for help takes courage, and the sooner you begin, the better your chances of recovery. Support is available through helplines, healthcare providers, and treatment centers.

Infographic titled “Warning Signs You Might Need Rehab for Addiction,” featuring eight signs including: inability to stop on your own, substance use dominating thoughts, withdrawal symptoms, increasing tolerance, shifting priorities, health or safety risks, and real-life consequences. Illustration shows a man holding pills while his reflection appears shattered in a mirror.

4. Inpatient vs. Outpatient Treatment

What Is Inpatient Rehab?

Inpatient rehab — also known as residential treatment or residential rehab — means staying at a facility full-time. You live there while receiving round-the-clock care, which provides a safe, structured environment to focus on your recovery without outside distractions or triggers. This type of care typically includes individual therapy, group sessions, medical support, and holistic services.

Inpatient programs are especially effective for individuals with severe substance use issues, co-occurring mental health conditions, or those who have struggled with relapse. Treatment generally lasts between 30 and 90 days but can be extended based on personal needs. Research shows that inpatient programs often lead to better engagement and outcomes,4 particularly in complex cases.

What Is Outpatient Rehab and How Does It Vary?

Outpatient rehab lets you live at home while attending scheduled treatment sessions. This approach offers greater flexibility, allowing you to maintain responsibilities like work, school, or family care while still receiving help. It’s a good fit for people with a stable home environment and milder substance use challenges.

Levels of care vary, from standard outpatient therapy (once or twice a week) to intensive outpatient programs, which may meet multiple times per week for several hours at a time. Outpatient rehab is also often used as a step-down after inpatient treatment, helping to reinforce progress and prevent relapse. Studies suggest that for certain patients, outpatient care can be as effective as inpatient treatment when matched appropriately to the individual’s needs.

5. Addiction Treatment Options

Everyone’s path to recovery is different. That’s why treatment plans are personalized, combining therapies and services that best meet your needs. These often include behavioral therapies, medications, and support for your mental health and relationships.

Rehab Programs

Alcohol and other drugs rehab focuses on treating substance use disorder (SUD), including both the physical and psychological aspects. It often starts with detox, followed by therapy and sometimes medication like naltrexone.

Aftercare / Support Groups

Aftercare is essential for long-term recovery. These services help you stay sober and handle challenges after completing a program. Common options include sober living homes, alumni networks, and mutual-help groups like 12-step meetings.5 Continued involvement in recovery support increases your chances of staying in recovery.

Family Therapy

Addiction affects families — and family support can be key to healing. Family therapy helps improve communication, rebuild trust, and create healthier dynamics. It also helps loved ones understand addiction and support your recovery in meaningful ways.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

CBT is a widely used therapy that helps you identify harmful thought patterns and replace them with healthier behaviors. It’s evidence-based and effective across a range of concerns.

Mental Health Services

Mental health disorders like depression, anxiety, or PTSD often go hand-in-hand with addiction. Treating both at the same time, called integrated care, offers better outcomes. Many treatment programs include access to psychiatrists and therapy for co-occurring conditions.

Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT)

MAT uses medication to help manage cravings and withdrawal, paired with therapy and counseling. It’s especially helpful for opioid and alcohol use disorders. Common medications include buprenorphine, methadone, and naltrexone. SAMHSA’s guidance on medication-assisted treatment6 supports MAT as one of the most effective treatments available.

6. How Do I Pay for Addiction Treatment?

The cost of treatment can feel overwhelming, but there are many ways to make it more affordable. These include private insurance, state-funded programs, sliding scale fees, and grants or scholarships from treatment centers.

Start by contacting the rehab facility to ask about financial aid. To start your recovery process, you can use Recovery.com to find a rehab center and view photos, read reviews, check insurance details, and explore additional services. Find out more on our website.

7. How Long Is Drug and Alcohol Rehab?

There’s no single answer to how long treatment lasts. Detox may take just a few days to a couple of weeks, depending on the substance and your individual needs. Residential programs often last between 30 and 90 days, while outpatient care can continue for several months or even longer.

Research consistently shows that longer treatment durations are associated with better recovery outcomes.7 The most important factor isn’t how fast you finish, but how engaged you remain throughout the process. Committing to care for as long as needed gives you the strongest foundation for lasting change.

8. Find Hope for Recovery

Recovery is a process — and you don’t have to go through it alone. Whether you’re thinking about detox, inpatient treatment, or outpatient care, help is out there. Explore our treatment center profiles, read real recovery stories, and use our locator tool to find the right support for you. Recovery is possible — and it starts with a single step.

FAQs

 Q: What does it mean when someone is in rehab?


 A: Being in rehab means a person is receiving professional treatment for substance use or mental health issues, often involving therapy, medical support, and behavioral interventions.

Q: What does rehab mean?


 A: Rehab, short for rehabilitation, refers to structured programs that help individuals recover from addiction, regain stability, and build healthier lives.

Q: What do they do in a rehab?


 A: Rehab programs typically include individual and group therapy, medical care, detox support, life skills training, and relapse prevention planning.

Q: What does “get rehab” mean?


 A: To “get rehab” means to enter a treatment program for help with substance use, mental health conditions, or both.

Q: What is alcohol detox?


 A: Alcohol detox is the medically supervised process of clearing alcohol from the body, often the first step before starting addiction treatment.

Q: How do I pay for addiction treatment?

 A: Payment options include private insurance, Medicaid/Medicare, sliding scale fees, grants, scholarships, or financing programs offered by treatment centers.

Q: How long is drug rehab?


 A: Drug rehab varies based on need and program type, ranging from 30 to 90 days or longer for extended care.

Q: How long is drug and alcohol rehab?

 A: Combined drug and alcohol rehab programs also vary, but many last 30–90 days, with some offering ongoing outpatient care afterward.

Q: How does outpatient rehab vary?


 A: Outpatient rehab differs in intensity and structure, allowing participants to live at home while attending scheduled treatment sessions.

Q: What is residential rehab?


 A: Residential rehab involves living at a treatment facility full-time, offering 24/7 care and a structured recovery environment.

Q: What are the stages of rehabilitation?


 A: The main stages include detox, therapy and counseling, skill-building and relapse prevention, and aftercare planning.

Q: What types of therapies are offered in rehab?


 A: Rehab programs often include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), trauma-informed therapy, family counseling, and holistic approaches.

Q: What types of programs are available in rehab?


 A: Programs include inpatient/residential treatment, partial hospitalization (PHP), intensive outpatient (IOP), and standard outpatient services.

Q: What are the different types of rehab programs?


 A: Types range from short-term detox to long-term residential treatment, outpatient therapy, sober living, and faith-based or gender-specific programs.

Q: What types of rehab programs are available?


 A: Available rehab options may include medical detox, residential treatment, outpatient care, dual diagnosis treatment, and specialized programs for teens, veterans, or professionals.

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Too Late to Go to Rehab? Finding the Right Recovery Path as an Older Adult

Older adults face a unique set of challenges when it comes to finding treatment for addiction or mental health disorders. If you’re in this age group, you might feel self-conscious about seeking help at this point in your life, or be worried that you won’t be able to relate to your recovery peers if you do. And while it’s true that a smaller percentage of treatment centers offer special services for more senior clientele, the good news is that there are plenty of rehab programs specifically for older adults available to help people like you.

Addiction affects people of all ages and walks of life. No matter how old you are, you deserve to feel well. It’s never too late to make positive changes, take back control of your life, and be the best version of you that you can be.

Common Stressors of Older Adulthood

Globally, the age group of people 65 years and older is growing faster than all others.1 The number of people aged 80 years or over is projected to triple to 426 million in 2050. Fortunately, there’s also an increased focus on what treatment looks like for seniors. Whether you’ve struggled with the negative effects of substance use at other points in your life and are ready to find support now, or if you’re just starting to notice concerns, there are specialized rehab programs that can help.

Getting older comes with certain stressors that can have real impacts on your mental health:

Navigating Loss

As we advance in age, we inevitably experience loss in various areas of our lives. For some people, the emotional stress of these losses leads them to cope by using substances. For others, it can trigger relapse if they’ve struggled with addiction before.

Social work researchers Justine McGovern and Stephanie Sarabia point out how life changes like this can contribute to substance abuse among older adults.2 “Aging is accompanied by multiple losses: loss of work with retirement; family roles as parenting decreases and family hierarchies are upended; loss of spouse, family, and friends due to death; physical capacity; and independence with the onset of physical and cognitive limitations…These compounded losses can contribute to increased rates of depression and anxiety, which can exacerbate underlying mental health issues.”

Whether or not you have a diagnosable disorder, you may benefit from professional guidance as you navigate the transitions that happen later in life.

Physical Changes

People go through many different physical changes as they age, and these can all have significant effects on their quality of life. “Although often gradual, the aging process itself can produce changes that put older adults at risk for developing problem substance use,”3 say McGovern and Sarabia. “As the body ages, its capacity to process alcohol and other drugs becomes less efficient. Due to decreased lean muscle mass and a slower digestive system, substances remain in the body longer resulting in higher levels of intoxication.”

Interactions between prescription drugs, decreases in eyesight, and memory issues can all increase older people’s risk of substance misuse. Additionally, chronic illnesses can also increase pain and anxiety. Being able to physically access spaces—and participate in programs that are set up to accommodate physical disabilities and other needs—is especially crucial for those facing these challenges.

Emotional Changes

As we age, it’s also common to experience mental and emotional changes. Over time, elders may develop difficulties with problem-solving and spatial orientation. They might also notice feelings of depression related to having fewer social interactions, retiring from a meaningful career, or experiencing transitions in living situations. All of these can impact emotional well-being. This can also be exacerbated by sleep changes and insomnia, which can in turn increase substance use.4

Challenges related to physical, emotional, and psychological shifts, as well as potentially isolating life experiences, have very real impacts on older adults’ mental health. And this, of course, also affects patterns of substance use.

Substance Use Disorders Among Seniors

Substance use issues among seniors are widely underreported.5 That’s one reason why experts are calling for an increased focus on the needs of this age group in providing specialized, effective care.

Alcohol is the most common substance used in most countries worldwide. And according to the U.S. National Survey on Drug Use and Health, between 2015 and 2017, 14.9% of adults aged 65 years and older reported high-risk levels of drinking.6

Changes in medication over time, combined with the cognitive impacts of aging, can lead to an increased risk of accidentally using dangerous levels of opioids. Older adults had the highest mortality rates related to opioid use7 between 2006 and 2013. Also in 2017, 3% of Americans aged 50–64 years and 1.5% of those 65 years old and older reported that they had misused opioid medications in the past year.

Substance use affects seniors in specific ways. Physically, effects might include an increased risk of falls, headaches, and seizures, as well as memory loss and disorientation. Substance use can also affect mental processes, leading to sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression, and mood swings. Seniors might also experience social consequences of substance misuse, like increased family conflict and professional, financial, and legal difficulties.

It can be hard for elders to seek treatment for these specific reasons, and it can be a challenge to identify the real problem. That’s because, in many cases, substance abuse looks similar to symptoms of medical disorders that are common at an older age.8 Not everyone is at risk based on all of these factors, and your needs are unique based on what kinds of support work best for you. Luckily, rehabs offer specialized program options to help you harness your strengths and make the most of your treatment experience.

Specialized Programs May Better Address Your Needs

Research shows that intensive treatments and self-help groups geared toward the general population can be effective for older adults9 with more severe substance use issues. But because of the unique concerns described above, some people find it helpful to enroll in treatment specifically geared towards a more mature clientele. And some therapies are found to be especially effective for people of this age group:

Family Involvement

Many clients find family therapy to be a very meaningful part of their recovery journey. Because addiction affects all of our relationships, it can be highly beneficial to involve biological or chosen family members, partners, and other important loved ones in the healing process.

Hanley Center at Origins
Hanley Center at Origins in West Palm Beach, Florida has a robust program for older adults.

One rehab facility offering family-focused work is Hanley Center at Origins, located in West Palm Beach, Florida. “Quality care for the entire family must take each family’s specific challenges into account and offer a variety of age-specific solutions,” says the center’s clinical team. “These may include co-occurring mental health or medical challenges such as diabetes, cardiac issues, or cancers that are common with older adults.”

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

Acceptance and commitment therapy, also known as ACT, teaches clients to embrace their feelings instead of struggling against them. This may be especially useful for seniors struggling with substance abuse. ACT centers on mindfulness exercises, which help people to become more aware of their cravings, thought patterns, and feelings without judging themselves. This also encourages psychological flexibility. Committed action helps clients achieve their long-term goals by focusing on the values that will help them get better. ACT can also decrease the negative effects of chronic pain on mental health,10 says Julie Weatherell, a professor of Experimental Psychopathology at San Diego State University.

ACT’s focus on value-based living can be specifically beneficial for seniors.11 “Losing contact with one’s life values may occur following important significant life events such as retirement or new functional impairments that arise from a chronic illness,” say clinical psychologists Andrew Petkus, M.A. and Julie Wetherell, Ph.D. “[In ACT,] we address values earlier and to a greater extent than is usually done with younger people. We explicitly incorporate religion into discussions about values because this is a very important domain for many older people. We also talk about end-of-life issues in the context of values-driven behavior.”

Kolonial House in Sanur, Bali, Indonesia supports older adults and offers ACT as one of their treatment approaches.

Trauma-Informed Approaches

Trauma-informed care can be helpful in supporting elders who have experienced loss or other painful events during their lifetime and continue to feel the effects in their daily lives. In rehab, this also means taking a curious approach to understanding how addiction is related to a person’s emotional triggers and coping skills.

“Trauma-informed treatment really prepares individuals to live in recovery, which is good self-care. They also develop skills that will help them navigate in the world as they begin the process of healing from trauma, which might involve in-depth therapy and treatment to address their experiences.”

– Dr. Monika Kolodziej, Program Director of McLean Fernside
mclean fernside slide 2
A look inside McLean Fernside in Princeton, Massachusetts.

Nōmina Wellness in Courtenay, British Columbia provides eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and other treatments to help their senior clients manage symptoms while they develop adaptive skills to navigate traumas.

With so many options available, it’s important to keep in mind that deciding what aspects of care are important for you will be most helpful in choosing the right facility.

Continuing Care for Long-Term Success

Residential care can be life-changing, but it’s only the first step in the journey of recovery. You may have questions about what life will look like after inpatient treatment and how to set yourself up for success in the weeks and months after returning home. Most rehab centers offer aftercare programs to make sure that you’re supported in maintaining the positive changes you made. A good-quality continuing care program will also make sure you have adequate resources in place, as post-treatment challenges can and do arise. This can look like stepping down to an intensive outpatient program (IOP) or partial hospitalization program (PHP), or attending support groups with peers in recovery.

Because physical distance can create a barrier to accessing in-person therapy and group programs, some rehab centers also offer online aftercare services. Web-based programs can be especially useful for people with mobility concerns. They can also help you connect with and learn from people who aren’t necessarily located near you, but nonetheless offer valuable life perspectives. These remote programs are set up to be confidential, just like in-person therapy. And, if available, continuing to work with the same therapist after leaving rehab can create a smoother transition to the life you want to live.

It’s Never Too Late to Feel Well

Older adults may face some unique hurdles in the search for addiction and mental health treatment, but that doesn’t mean effective care isn’t available to you. You can receive support that’s in line with your wants, needs, and life experiences, several rehabs offer programs designed to provide exactly that.

To learn more about these programs, see our curated list of rehabs for older adults.

Frequently Asked Questions About Rehab Programs for Older Adults

Is rehab suitable for older adults?

Yes, rehab can be highly beneficial for older adults facing substance abuse or mental health concerns. Specialized rehab programs for older adults offer age-appropriate treatment, addressing their unique stressors and needs. These include navigating physical changes, such as managing prescription medication, alongside emotional changes, like navigating loss.

What types of rehab programs are available for older adults?

Rehab programs for older adults include inpatient or outpatient options, specialized programs with a focus on family involvement, trauma-informed care, tailored therapies, medical supervision, and more. An integrated program addresses the physical, mental, and social aspects of recovery.

What are the benefits of rehab for older adults?

Rehab for older adults provides a supportive and structured environment, specialized care for age-related concerns, medication management, social connection, and opportunities for building a sober support network.