Tag: Gambling

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Understanding Process Addiction: Types, Symptoms, and Treatment

When we think of addiction, we usually think of drugs or alcohol. But did you know you can also become addicted to certain behaviors? 

Process addiction, also known as behavioral addiction, is an addiction to behaviors like eating, shopping, or sex that can result in an unhealthy relationship with activities that are otherwise a normal part of life. We explore the various types of process addiction, their signs and symptoms, and effective treatment options.

What Is Process Addiction? 

Process addiction, also known as behavioral addiction, involves compulsively engaging in certain behaviors despite their negative consequences. Not all behavioral addictions are yet in The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Illnesses (DSM-5), the professional manual on mental health disorders. But the American Psychiatric Association (APA) does include behaviors—not just substances—in its definition of addiction:1 

A state of psychological and/or physical dependence on the use of drugs or other substances, such as alcohol, or on activities or behaviors. The term…can be applied to non-substance-related behavioral addictions, such as sex, exercise, and gambling.

Unlike substance addiction, where the dependency is on drugs or alcohol, process addiction centers on actions that cause intense feelings of pleasure or relief, creating an overwhelming urge to repeat them. These behaviors, which might include gambling, shopping, or internet-based activities, can consume people to the point of disrupting their daily lives. The cycle of addiction is driven by the same brain changes that are involved in substance addiction, and it’s equally important to address process addiction with the same seriousness and care.

Types of Process Addiction

Gambling Addiction 

Gambling addiction is a strong, uncontrollable need to keep gambling, even when it’s causing severe problems. This can include anything from playing the lottery and betting on sports to hitting the casinos or gambling online. The excitement of possibly winning2 can push people to gamble more money than they can afford, leading to mounting debt and stress. Even though they know the risks, the urge to keep gambling grows stronger, making it feel virtually impossible to stop.

Shopping Addiction

Shopping addiction, sometimes called compulsive buying disorder, is an overwhelming need to shop and spend money. This addiction also causes significant financial and emotional stress. While it’s not a central focus in the recovery space, it is widespread: shopping addiction affects around 5.8% of people in the U.S.3 

People with this addiction get a temporary emotional boost when they make a purchase—but it’s often followed by guilt or regret. Shopping becomes a way to deal with feelings or fill a void, but it only creates bigger problems.

The fact that most shopping now takes place online adds another layer to this problem: 

“Shopping enabled via the Internet now introduces new features to the shopping experience that translates to positive benefits for the shopper,” say authors of a study on online shopping addiction.4 “Evidence now suggests that this new shopping experience may lead to problematic online shopping behaviour.” 

Internet Addiction

The term “internet addiction” refers to an addiction to behaviors that are performed online as opposed to the internet itself. As one meta-study states, “exactly what it is on the Internet that they are addicted to still remains unclear.”5  

This addiction is more about being hooked on certain online behaviors,6 like social media, gaming, or endless web browsing—and it affects between 1.5-8.2% of people in Europe and the U.S. 

Being unable to control the time you spend online can cause you to neglect your responsibilities, become socially isolated, and start to develop mental health issues like anxiety or depression. While turning to the virtual world to escape real-life problems is increasingly common, spending too much time online usually worsens these issues, creating a tough cycle to break.

Food Addiction

Food addiction happens when someone can’t control their eating habits, even when they know it’s harmful to their health. It’s often tied to emotional eating, where food becomes a way to cope with depression, anxiety, or stress. People with this addiction tend to crave high-calorie or sugary foods, which can lead to weight gain, self-esteem issues, and other problems with mental and physical health. 

Eating disorders are multifaceted and complex, and eating disorders and food addiction are not necessarily the same thing. However, understanding that behavioral addictions can sometimes include eating can help us better understand and treat disordered eating. According to current research on eating addiction,7 

Food addiction is considered an important link for a better understanding of psychiatric and medical problems triggered by dysfunctions of eating behaviors, e.g., obesity, metabolic syndrome, binge eating disorder, or bulimia nervosa.

Some foods have a higher addictive potential than others. The same study finds that “High-sodium foods, artificially flavored foods, rich carbohydrate- and saturated fats-containing foods are triggers for the activation of the same neural pathways, therefore they act similarly to any drug of abuse.”

While it may not be clearly defined, researchers agree that food addiction functions in much the same way that substance addictions do: “Food addiction is considered a disorder based on functional negative consequences, associated distress and potential risks to both psychological well-being and physical health.”8 

Sex Addiction

Sex addiction, sometimes called hypersexual disorder, is when someone’s sexual behavior becomes compulsive, negatively impacting their relationships and daily life. These behaviors often stem from deeper emotional or psychological issues.

Sex addiction is listed in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) under impulse control disorders as compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD).9

There’s still debate among some behavioral scientists, however, about whether it can be classified as an addiction at all. “It’s not consistent with an addiction model,” says psychologist Jeffrey Parsons, PhD. “Sexual compulsivity is something that clearly exists, but it has a lot of variation and variability in how it presents itself.”10

Regardless of how it’s officially defined, compulsive sexual behavior seriously impacts a lot of people. Members of Sex and Love Addicts Anonymous (S.L.A.A.) say, “We find a common denominator in our obsessive/compulsive patterns,”11 which they describe as: 

  • Lacking healthy boundaries around sexual involvement and emotional attachment 
  • Staying in destructive relationships out of fear of loneliness or abandonment 
  • Confusing “love with neediness, physical and sexual attraction, pity and/or the need to rescue or be rescued”
  • Using sex to cope with difficult emotions like stress, guilt, or shame

To better understand the challenges of process addiction, let’s explore its signs and symptoms.

Signs and Symptoms of Process Addiction 

Behavioral addictions cause very similar changes in the brain, and therefore present similarly, to substance addictions. Signs of process addiction include obsession, compulsive behavior, neglecting your responsibilities, and social withdrawal. 

Obsessive Preoccupation

When someone has a process addiction, they often become obsessed with the behavior to the point where it takes over their thoughts. They might constantly think about it, plan when they’ll do it next, and find it hard to focus on anything else. This obsession can cause them to increasingly engage in the behavior, even when they don’t want to or know it’s causing harm.

Compulsive Behaviors 

A key sign of process addiction is the uncontrollable urge to repeat certain behaviors even when you know they’re not good for you. People struggling with compulsive behaviors feel driven to do them again and again, chasing whatever positive feelings they provide. These behaviors become more frequent and intense over time.

Neglect of Responsibilities

People with process addictions may neglect their responsibilities at home, work, school, or in their relationships as the compulsive behavior takes priority. Once-important tasks might be put off or ignored, causing missed deadlines, a decline in performance, or even job loss. 

Withdrawal From Social Activities

Process addiction can result in social withdrawal as you become absorbed in your addictive behavior. You might avoid social gatherings, withdraw from family and friends, or lose interest in the things you used to love doing. This isolation only heightens feelings of loneliness and depression, further entrenching the addictive behavior as a coping strategy.

Root Causes of Process Addiction

Compulsive behavior addictions, like alcohol and drug addictions, can be influenced by several factors. According to addiction researchers,

Genetic predisposition, psychological and environmental risk factors, the timing of exposure to the substance, the type of substance used, and the frequency of use influence the individual’s susceptibility to addiction.12

Mental Health Issues

Process addictions often stem from underlying mental health conditions like anxiety, depression, or trauma. If you don’t have other coping strategies in place, these issues can prompt you to turn to behaviors that momentarily make you feel good—like gambling, shopping, or overeating—as a way to distract yourself from emotional pain. But while this might offer temporary relief, it only worsens mental health issues over time. 

Environmental Factors

A number of environmental factors can influence your likelihood of developing a process addiction:13  

  • Childhood abuse (emotional, physical, or sexual)
  • Access to drugs and alcohol
  • Social dynamics with your peer group 
  • Substance abuse in your family 
  • Your parents’ views on, and rules around, drugs and alcohol 
  • Religion and culture 

For example, growing up in a household where addictive behaviors are common or dealing with chronic stress can increase the risk of forming a process addiction. Understanding and learning to manage these environmental triggers can help you overcome process addiction—or even prevent it in the first place.

Genetic Predisposition

Genetics can make some people more likely to develop process addictions. If addiction runs in the family—whether it’s to substances or behaviors—it may increase your likelihood of following a similar path. Genetics can also affect how the brain responds to rewarding behaviors, making certain people more prone to compulsive habits. 

Pinpointing the exact genes that influence addiction14 has been difficult, however, as addiction is complex and doesn’t follow a clear pattern. “Because addiction is a heterogeneous and complex disorder15 without a clear Mendelian pattern, identification of specific genes has proved challenging,” say addiction researchers. While genetics alone don’t cause addiction, they are an important factor to consider.

Impact of Process Addiction on Daily Life

Emotional Consequences

Process addiction can deeply affect your emotional health as it causes persistent guilt, shame, and anxiety. The rush of excitement during a certain addictive behavior is often followed by intense regret. This emotional rollercoaster causes mood swings and can even cause long-term mental health conditions like depression. Over time, this ongoing cycle can erode your self-esteem as you start to feel stuck in negative patterns.

Relationship Strain

Process addiction takes a toll on your relationships. People may become dishonest or distant as they prioritize their addiction over their loved ones. This leads to conflicts, broken trust, and emotional distance with partners, friends, or family. 

Gambling addiction is known to be especially hard on relationships because of the way it strains finances. “Pathological gambling is a relevant condition that negatively affects the family system of gamblers,” say authors of a study on pathological gambling and romantic relationships.16 The same study found that “partners of pathological gamblers reported a worse quality of couple relationship on all dimensions investigated: they reported higher levels of conflict and lower levels of companionship, help, security, and closeness,” and that “both pathological gamblers and their partners reported a more insecure romantic attachment.”

Rebuilding these connections is an essential part of recovery. 

Financial Troubles

Some process addictions, like gambling or shopping, can cause serious financial problems. Spending and betting can quickly get out of control, and the resulting financial stress often worsens the addiction as people use more of the same behavior to try to escape their problems. 

Work or Academic Performance Issues

Process addiction can cause a drop in your performance at work or in school. As the addictive behavior consumes more time and energy, other responsibilities start to fall by the wayside. Missing deadlines, trouble focusing, and decreased productivity can lead to bad grades or job loss. 

Treatment Options for Process Addiction

Evidence-Based Therapies

Several evidence-based therapies are proven effective for treating behavioral addiction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is one of the most widely used treatments for process addictions,17 helping people identify and challenge the thought patterns that fuel their compulsive behaviors. Another well-supported option is acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), which encourages people to accept their thoughts and emotions rather than avoid them, and teaches healthy coping mechanisms.

Evidence-based therapies are delivered in group or individual formats. A combination of these is often the most effective way to achieve long-term recovery from process addiction.

Innovative Approaches 

While the mechanisms of behavioral addiction are very similar to substance use disorders, process addictions pose a unique set of challenges. That’s why specialized programs are often more effective. According to one study on treatment for process addictions,18

Research suggests similarities between natural and drug reward processing, but clinical evidence supports the utilization of treatment modalities for these behavioral conditions that can sometimes differ from traditional drug treatment.

Thankfully, a wide array of innovative treatment approaches are gaining popularity in addressing process addiction. Mindfulness-based therapy, for example, focuses on helping people become more aware of their thoughts and behaviors, allowing them to put some helpful space between their urges and reactions. Tech-based interventions like apps and online programs offer accessible, personalized support for people in ongoing recovery.

Rehab Programs 

Rehab programs designed for process addiction offer effective, comprehensive care, whether you’re staying in an inpatient facility or attending outpatient sessions. Inpatient programs give you a structured environment where you can focus entirely on recovery, while outpatient options provide flexibility so you can balance treatment with work, school, or family life. Both types of programs usually combine therapy, education, and life skills training to help you build the tools you need for life in recovery.

Addressing Co-Occurring Disorders 

Many people struggling with process addiction also deal with mental health issues like depression or anxiety. These challenges often fuel addictive behaviors, making recovery even more complicated. That’s why it’s so important to treat both the addiction and any underlying mental health conditions at the same time. Thoroughly addressing both issues lets you recover—and reduce the risk of relapse—more effectively.

Comprehensive Care Matters

Integrated Treatment Strategies

An integrated approach to treating process addictions addresses not just the symptoms, but the mental, emotional, and physical aspects of addiction. A combination of therapies is often most effective—research shows that a “multimodal, bio-psychosocial approach of treatment including individual, group, family or conjoint therapy, use of medication when necessary and adjunct treatments such as self-help groups will be the most cohesive and effective way for behavioral addictions.”19 

Long-Term Support and Aftercare 

Recovery from process addiction doesn’t end with rehab—you need long-term support to stay on track. Aftercare programs help prevent relapse and reinforce the progress you’ve made by offering regular therapy sessions, support groups, and access to resources that keep you focused on recovery. Ongoing support ensures you continue making healthy choices and staying motivated toward long-term recovery.

Building a Support Network

Having a solid support network is critical to maintaining your recovery. Whether it’s friends, family, or people you meet in support groups, leaning on others when you need to makes the journey less isolating. These relationships provide the encouragement, understanding, and accountability you need to stay on track when challenges come up. 

Reclaiming Your Life from Process Addiction

Recognizing process addiction is the first step toward taking back control of your life. But recovery isn’t just about stopping an addictive behavior—it’s about addressing its root causes, rebuilding your self-esteem, and creating a balanced, healthy life that doesn’t include addiction. While the journey may be challenging, the right process addiction treatment and support puts lasting recovery within reach. Explore addiction treatment centers to find a program that meets your needs, and contact them directly today.

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Breaking Free: A Guide on How to Quit Gambling

Pathological gambling is a global public health concern affecting 0.12 to 5.8% of people worldwide. In the U.S., over 2 million people fall into this category. 

Gambling is legal in every state except for Utah and Hawaii. Because it’s widely accepted, many people don’t realize when their gambling has become an issue. Problem gambling has devastating personal costs beyond financial debt, escalating into legal and mental health issues. 

When you’re struggling with problem gambling, life feels out of control. But gambling addiction is treatable, and the sooner you address it, the better your recovery outcomes will be. 

This guide will help you assess the severity of your gambling and create a personalized plan to quit, so you can reclaim your life. 

Understanding Gambling Addiction

Gambling addiction is a diagnosable disorder1 characterized by continuous gambling despite negative physical, psychological, and social consequences. 

The Impact of Problem Gambling 

Problem gambling extends far beyond occasional bets or casino visits. It’s a harmful habit that strains your mental health and relationships:

Risk Factors and Triggers

While anyone can develop a gambling addiction, certain factors raise the risk. These include high impulsivity, early exposure to gambling, family history, and gender. Men are more prone to gambling problems than women.5 

Stressful life events and loneliness trigger problem gambling.6 Someone may even lose their entire financial portfolio overnight. This heightens the risk of suicidality: 17-24% of pathological gamblers attempt suicide7 after a significant loss.

Recognizing gambling problems is the first step toward recovery.

Assessing the Severity of Gambling Addiction

Free, clinically recognized self-assessment tools can help you gauge your gambling behavior: 

Stages of Gambling Addiction

Psychologists recognize 4 stages of gambling addiction:8

  1. Winning: You play occasionally. A big win is often the hook for compulsive gambling. 
  2. Losing: Behavioral changes emerge, including secretive behavior, lying, and borrowing. You may notice mood shifts like irritability and anxiety. 
  3. Desperation: This phase is marked by guilt, isolation, mounting debt, and panic. Legal issues, like fraud or forgery, might be present. 
  4. Hopelessness: Substance abuse, withdrawal symptoms, and depression are common. There’s a high potential for suicidal ideation following large losses.

While self-assessments offer valuable insight, professionals can provide an accurate diagnosis. There are counselors and psychologists with experience treating people in your exact situation. 

Creating a Personalized Quitting Plan

Stigma is still a major barrier to addiction treatment—many people who want to quit opt to self-manage their gambling.9 

Most gambling quitting plans include a mix of behavioral management strategies and interventions like workbooks and toolkits. Using these alongside professional counseling (and with the guidance of your therapist) is ideal.

  • Alternative activity scheduling: Replace gambling with non-gambling hobbies. Studies show that this reduces problem gambling for some women. 
  • Self-exclusion: Ban yourself from gambling venues or sites for a fixed time period. This is most effective when combined with counseling. 
  • Money and time limiting: Set a spending limit, like carrying a certain amount of cash with you, and stop when you reach it. 
  • Workbooks: Many workbooks outline 12-week plans with themes centered on motivation to change, self-awareness, and stress management. 
  • Self-directed cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): Readings and exercises help you recognize triggers, manage debt, set goals, prevent relapse, and more. 
  • Toolkits and booklets: Similar to workbooks, these provide information, coping strategies, skill-building exercises, and relapse prevention plans.

Building Your Quitting Plan

These steps can help you put together a successful plan to quit gambling:

  1. Pinpoint triggers. Identify situations, emotions, or events that trigger your urge to gamble.
  2. Set achievable goals. Aim for clear and attainable milestones. For example, you might try alternative activity scheduling for 2 months. 
  3. Avoid high-risk situations. Minimize your exposure to casinos, gambling websites, or gambling friends. 
  4. Try healthy coping strategies. Replace gambling with healthy coping strategies, like relaxation techniques,10 outdoor hobbies, and group exercise. 
  5. Track your progress. Use a journal to document your journey, and take note of how far you’ve come! 
  6. Celebrate the wins. Gambling addiction specialists recommend rewarding yourself for non-gambling days11 to reinforce positive behavior and boost your motivation. 
  7. Optimize your progress with professional support: Consider working with a qualified addictions specialist. Counselors and therapists create a safe space for self-expression, provide expert guidance to help you develop your coping skills, and hold you accountable for staying on track.

Building a Support System

A strong support network promotes gambling addiction recovery.12 This can include trusted friends and family, support groups, and treatment professionals. 

12-Step groups, like Gamblers Anonymous, are most commonly used for gambling addiction compared to other treatment options. These 60- to 90-minute meetings are held once a week, in person and online. 

Tips for Effective Communication

Opening up about gambling issues can feel intimidating. Try these approaches to promote understanding: 

  • Be honest. Express your commitment to change and the importance of support from loved ones. 
  • Educate. Explain problem gambling and the challenges you face to encourage active participation in your recovery.
  • Address misunderstandings. Not everyone understands the complexities of gambling addiction. Be patient in explaining your struggles. Most people want to help. 
  • Set boundaries. Some people enable behaviors that you want to change. If a relationship feels unhealthy, you can walk away. 

Coping Strategies and Alternatives

Similar to drugs and alcohol, gambling is often used as a coping mechanism.13 While it may not be realistic to completely avoid gambling triggers, developing healthy coping tools can help you change unwanted patterns: 

  • Problem-solving skills empower you to take action to identify and address triggers. 
  • Emotional regulation helps manage impulsive urges to gamble and strengthens your self-image. 
  • Interrupting negative thoughts and replacing them with positive alternatives helps you realize you’re capable of change. 
  • A change of scenery can reinforce non-gambling behavior. New environments can inspire us to make positive change.
  • Time management skills help you fill your schedule with meaningful activities, reducing your opportunities for impulsive gambling.

Finding Healthy Hobbies

Many people find trying new hobbies—or rediscovering old ones—to be an important part of their recovery journey. Because addiction takes up so much of our time, it’s important to replace it with activities that fulfill you. The options are limitless:

  • Mindfulness practices like yoga and meditation 
  • Physical activities like cycling, swimming, dance, or kickboxing 
  • Outdoor adventures like surfing, hiking, or rock climbing 
  • Creative pursuits like writing, painting, or playing music 
  • Gardening
  • Learning a new language or skill 

These activities are therapeutic in and of themselves—and you might even discover a new passion in the process.

Financial Recovery and Responsibility

Compulsive gambling strains finances. On average, people struggling with gambling addiction face $42,750 in debt.14 Bankruptcy affects 22.8% of pathological gamblers.

The good news is that financial responsibility empowers your recovery. Here are some steps you can take to regain control of your finances: 

  1. Understand your financial picture. This may be hard to do, but it’s a critical first step. Take a detailed look at your whole financial picture, including any losses or debt accrued from gambling.  
  2. Create a monthly budget (and stick to it). Crunching the numbers helps you gain perspective on what’s coming in, and going out, each month. A free budgeting tool can make the process even easier. 
  3. Manage debt. Research your repayment options. A debt consolidation loan can lower your interest rate and allow you to make fixed monthly payments over a set loan term.
  4. Build a safety net. Start an emergency fund for unexpected expenses. 
  5. Make it a habit. Commit to financial responsibility for long-term, sustainable recovery. 
  6. Seek professional financial guidance. Organizations like the National Council on Problem Gambling offer confidential support and referrals to local resources, including debt and financial counseling services. 

Rebuilding your finances takes time and effort, but it pays off: stable finances pave the way for a more sustainable, happier future.

Dealing With Relapses

90% of problem gamblers experience relapse,15 which is why relapse prevention planning is a crucial part of any healing journey. Relapse usually starts with early warning signs: 

  • Turning to other unhealthy coping mechanisms, like substances
  • Ignoring your emotions 
  • Increased stress 
  • Finding yourself in situations or around people that are triggering 
  • Complacency around recovery 

Progress is a process, and relapse is a part of the recovery process for many. Rather than viewing it as a personal shortcoming, look at it as a learning opportunity. Maybe you experienced a strong trigger or need to adjust your coping strategies. Lean into your support network, talk to your therapist, and reassess your quitting plan. If you keep taking steps toward your goals, you’ll eventually get to where you want to be. 
Gambling addiction can have serious consequences for your finances, family, and mental well-being. If you’re concerned about your gambling and want intensive help to stop, search our list of gambling addiction treatment centers to learn more about treatment options.

Frequently Asked Questions About How to Quit Gambling

How do I know if I have a gambling problem?

Problem gambling involves an uncontrollable impulse to gamble despite its negative consequences. Frequent anxiety, sleep disturbances, and financial debt due to gambling are common warning signs. Self-assessment tools like the G-SAS and NORC Screen can offer insights into the severity of your gambling behaviors.

What can I do to quit gambling?

Create a personalized quitting plan with strategies like alternative activity scheduling, self-exclusion, and coping skills training. Workbooks, toolkits, and online resources can help. Consider professional support, like individual therapy.

What can I do about my gambling debt?

Create a realistic budget, prioritize essential expenses, and explore debt management options. Consider seeking professional financial guidance from nonprofit gambling addiction organizations. Rebuilding finances takes time and effort, but it’s achievable.

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What Is Cross-Addiction?

What does cross-addiction mean? In short, it means that you have multiple addictions. But there’s a lot more to it than that.

Usually, people with cross-addiction switch out one behavior for another. Sometimes, it’s even called “addiction transfer.” For example, imagine you go to rehab for alcohol addiction, and successfully avoid drinking after the program. But once you return home, you develop a new addiction to cocaine. If something like this happens to you, you might need additional treatment.

Cross-addiction is a unique experience, and recovery can be complex. When you’re ready to plan your recovery, you can start by learning more about what it means to be cross-addicted.

How Does Cross-Addiction Happen?

Researchers are still studying the risk factors for cross-addiction.1 We need more information to fully understand its causes. But data suggests that genetics and stress can make you more vulnerable. Experts also believe that cross-addiction follows 1 of 2 patterns:

  1. Substituting a past addiction with similar behavior (e.g., quitting gambling and developing a sex addiction)
  2. Switching between addictions based on their availability, with equally severe symptoms for each one (e.g., recovering from daily heroin use and starting to do cocaine every day)

There are a few reasons this could happen during recovery. For one thing, any kind of addiction hijacks your reward system.2 It can get to the point where addictive behaviors are the only thing that makes you feel a sense of achievement. So developing a new addiction might make you briefly feel that reward again. But we need more data to know how big a role the reward system plays in this process.

How Common Is Cross-Addiction?

Because there are so many possible types of cross-addiction, it’s hard to collect broad data about this condition. But a few specific combinations are especially common:

Some experts compare cross-addiction to relapse.6 While not identical, these issues can have a similar effect on your journey. And data shows that 40-60% of people relapse at least once during recovery.7 

Common Cross-Addiction Examples

Cross-addiction can occur with any type of addiction, including substance abuse and compulsive behaviors. Learning about some common cross-addictions can help you protect against them in recovery.

Gambling

Gambling addiction is a behavioral issue. Unlike drug or alcohol addictions, it rarely includes physical symptoms. But it can still get very serious. Compulsive gambling interferes with your financial security, career, and relationships. One study found that gambling addiction often co-occurs with video game addiction.8 

Sex Addiction

In moderation, sex can be an important part of your life. But when you start prioritizing sex over all else—including committed relationships, work, sleep, and your physical health—you might have a sex addiction. 

While sex addiction isn’t in the DSM-5, it is diagnosed in ICD-11 as compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD).9 This falls under the category of behavioral addiction, or impulse control issues. Data also shows that people with sex addiction often have additional behavioral issues. In one study, nearly 40% of people with sex addiction also had a work addiction.10

Compulsive Shopping

Shopping addiction, also called compulsive buying disorder, is another behavioral addiction. Compulsive shopping increases your risk of drug addiction,11 eating disorders, and depression. Up to 1 in 20 people may have a shopping addiction. 

Prescription Medication

Data shows that people with health problems are more likely to abuse prescription drugs.12 This may be an issue of access. If you already have opioid medication in your home, for instance, it’s far easier to abuse. And what’s more, experiencing chronic pain increases your risk of cross-addiction.13 People with chronic pain may have easier access to prescription medication, especially opioids. 

Data shows that opioids, marijuana, and alcohol all have similar effects on the brain.14 Addiction to any of these substances can make you vulnerable to abusing the other two. 

How to Avoid Cross-Addiction?

Certain coping strategies can help you avoid cross-addiction before it becomes a problem. 

Self-Awareness

Until your triggers become intuitive, you can use tools to track your feelings and behaviors. For example, some mood tracker apps let you associate emotions with activities. If you notice that the mood “anxious” usually appears just before an activity like shopping or gambling, you can bring that information to your care team. This self-awareness can help you make changes before developing a new addiction.

Educate Yourself on Cross-Addiction

Learning more about any condition can help you stay safe. If there’s a specific substance or behavior you’re concerned about, start there. Once you understand the risk factors for a type of addiction, you can get the support you need before it becomes a problem. 

Group Support

A wealth of data shows that social support is essential during addiction treatment.15 That means something a little different for everyone. You might have a close relationship with friends and family, attend support groups, or live in a sober living environment. In any setting, strong relationships can help you stay grounded throughout your recovery.

Speak With a Professional

There’s no one-size-fits-all solution for cross-addiction. The right provider can help you navigate the complexities of treatment, offering advice tailored to your needs. With personalized support, you can stay on track to reach your unique goals for recovery.

How to Treat Cross-Addiction

There are nearly infinite types of cross-addiction. You could become cross-addicted to cocaine and gambling, marijuana and alcohol, or sex and video gaming. As a result, there are countless ways to heal from this condition. However, a few treatments stand out:

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)16 is one of the most popular and effective treatments for any kind of addiction. In this behavioral therapy, you’ll learn to identify triggers and respond to them in new ways. Your therapist will also teach you practical coping skills for real-world situations. 
  • Contingency management (CM)17 is a treatment that offers patients tangible rewards. For example, if you pass a drug test, you might receive cash or movie tickets. Data shows that CM is highly effective for people with multiple simultaneous addictions. We still need more information about its impact on cross-addiction, specifically. 
  • Relapse prevention (RP) and mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP)18 teach coping skills and build clients’ self-confidence. Evidence suggests that these treatments protect you against abusing any substance, even ones you haven’t used before.

Find a Treatment for Cross-Addiction

On the road to recovery, cross-addiction is a relatively common hurdle. You can get back on track in a rehab program that treats addiction.

Frequently Asked Questions About Cross-Addiction

How does cross-addiction happen?

The causes of cross-addiction are still being studied, but genetics and stress may make you more vulnerable to it. Cross-addiction occurs by substituting a past addiction with similar behavior, or by switching between substances based on availability. Addictive behaviors hijack the brain’s reward system, making the development of new addictions possible.

How common is cross-addiction?

Collecting broad data on cross-addiction is challenging due to the many possible combinations of addictive behaviors. However, some specific combinations are more common, such as alcohol addiction and prescription drug abuse. Studies suggest that approximately 1.1% of adult Americans had simultaneous alcohol and drug addictions. Cross-addiction shares similarities with relapse, and research shows that 40-60% of patients relapse during recovery.

What are some common examples of cross-addiction?

Cross-addiction can manifest in various forms, including substance abuse and compulsive behaviors. Some common examples of cross-addiction include gambling addiction, sex addiction, compulsive shopping, and addiction to prescription medication. Understanding these common cross-addictions can help individuals protect themselves during their recovery journey and seek appropriate treatment when needed.
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Gambling Addiction: What It Is, How It’s Treated and How to Choose the Right Rehab

Gambling addiction is more common than most people realize—it’s a global problem that’s only getting worse. Last year, the World Health Organization (WHO) released a report on gambling addiction due to its “unprecedented growth.”1 The WHO stressed the need to extend and enhance treatment for problem gambling. The good news is, while it’s undoubtedly a serious concern, this addiction is proven to be treatable. Here, we’ll outline available treatment options and what to look for in a gambling addiction treatment center if you or someone you love needs help.

When Is Gambling an Addiction?

Gambling addiction is markedly different from taking an occasional trip to the casino—the impulse to bet, play and win is too strong to control. Those suffering from gambling addiction experience a compulsive urge to bet despite the increasingly negative consequences it carries. With problem gambling, winning provides a sense of euphoria and pleasure that serves as a short-term high. When a gambling addict loses, they begin to chase their losses, trying to win back the money (and pleasure) they lost—resulting in a cycle that’s very difficult to escape.

Sign and Symptoms of Gambling Impulse-Control Disorder

If you’re addicted to gambling, you’ve likely experienced some of these symptoms:

  • Gambling to counteract negative emotions
  • Irritability or restlessness when not gambling
  • Efforts to be secretive about gambling
  • Not being able to stop, chasing losses
  • Obsessing about the next big win
  • Betting more than you can afford

If gambling causes you to lose significant time, money or relationships, this is indicative of compulsive gambling, a disorder that can significantly impact many areas of your life.

gambling and depression
Research shows problem gamblers are twice as likely to be depressed as those who don’t have a gambling problem.

Problem Gambling and Substance Abuse

Pathological gambling often coexists with other addictions or mental health concerns. In fact, one recent report states that problem gamblers are four times more likely to abuse alcohol2 than those without a gambling problem. Common cross-addictions include gambling with alcoholism and gambling with cocaine addiction, which often go hand-in-hand because of the environments in which people typically gamble, like casinos and parties.

Depression, Anxiety and Pathological Gambling

Gambling impulse-control disorder is also often associated with mental health disorders like depression and anxiety. In fact, problem gamblers are twice as likely to be depressed3 as those who don’t have a gambling problem.

For those struggling with depression or anxiety, gambling can artificially mitigate negative feelings in the moment. But over time, this cycle—feeling depressed or anxious, self-medicating with gambling, eventually losing a bet which leads to even more intense negative feelings, and gambling to combat that depressed or anxious state—gets out of control, and often requires professional treatment to overcome.

Treatment Methods for Gambling Addiction

As problem gambling becomes increasingly widespread, addiction experts work to find innovative and effective treatments, as well as honing time-tested, evidence-based therapy tools. Here are some popular treatment options:

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is one of the most common and effective treatment options for process addictions like gambling. Gambling addiction functions on two levels: automatic and irrational thought patterns, and malfunctioning in the brain’s reward system. CBT works to address both.

The first goal of CBT for gambling addiction4 is to weaken the compulsion to gamble and give you a sense of mastery over this urge. Then, specialized clinicians help you understand, on a neurochemical level, that the long-term negative impacts of gambling far outweigh the short-term pleasure it delivers. Eventually, you’ll be able to employ the healthy strategies you learn in treatment to real-life scenarios.

Medication

In addition to CBT, counselors sometimes prescribe medications to help curb the compulsive behaviors attached to gambling impulse-control disorder. Indeed, the medication most often used to treat gambling addictions are those used to treat other compulsive disorders like obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Medication is most effective when used in combination with CBT.

Group Therapy

Group therapy, available both on-site at treatment centers and in the form of fellowships like Gamblers Anonymous, is a truly healing treatment option for gambling addiction. In this setting, you’ll benefit from sharing your story with others, learning you’re not alone and receiving support from those with common experiences. You’ll also have the opportunity to form lasting relationships with people who understand what you’re going through and support your recovery progress.

Holistic Therapies

Holistic modalities like meditation, yoga and massage are a great complement to conventional addiction treatments. Ideally, they should be employed alongside conventional methods like CBT. Holistic therapies encourage healing on all levels for a well-rounded outcome and accelerate your treatment progress. Meditation, for instance, creates a sense of security and mental calm that can help you open up in talk therapy.

group therapy gambling
Group therapy lets participants share their stories with others with similar experiences, reinforcing the knowledge that you’re not alone.

How to Choose a Gambling Addiction Rehab

Gambling is a complex disorder that has far-reaching effects in all aspects of your life. Dr. Marie Hartwell-Walker, a psychologist and gambling treatment expert, explains, “There is no one size fits all treatment. However, treatment always begins with recognizing the problem. The next step to reclaiming sanity and stability is to see a counselor for an evaluation and a treatment plan.” She recommends a multifaceted gambling addiction treatment approach5 that involves a combination of CBT, treatment for co-occurring disorders, social and family support, medication-assisted recovery and financial help.

There are plenty of available options for addressing problem gambling, with many rehabs offering robust programming that’s focused specifically on this complex disorder. As a precursor to your treatment, consider the following factors:

Who Should Assess Your Situation and Recommend Treatment Options?

You’ve probably heard of various treatment options, like inpatient, outpatient, day treatment and so forth. While inpatient rehab is more intensive and provides a more substantial removal from your triggers, outpatient rehab allows you to continue working, spending time with your family and otherwise attending to your usual responsibilities while in treatment. How do you know which one to pick? The good news is you don’t have to, nor should you. Let a professional conduct a comprehensive clinical evaluation or assessment and provide treatment recommendations accordingly. Primary care physicians can screen for gambling disorder or you can seek out a private therapist or psychiatrist to assess your situation and history. Some treatment centers offer evaluations, conducted by licensed clinicians, separately and will either recommend their services if they are a fit or refer you elsewhere.

Is the Treatment Center Specialized in Gambling Disorders?

When choosing a rehab, specialization is always an important consideration. Addiction is an insidious disorder that functions on multiple levels—mental, emotional, physical and spiritual—and it requires a laser-focused expert approach to unpack. Make sure your rehab has licensed clinicians with experience specifically treating gambling addiction and that they can customize your treatment plan to fit your needs.

Do You Want Holistic Therapy Options?

Successful gambling addiction treatment goes well beyond the initial 28 days. It’s about making changes in your thinking and lifestyle that improve your overall well-being. Choosing a rehab that offers holistic therapies as well as conventional methods ensures you have access to a more complete treatment for your body, mind and spirit. To make the most of your time in rehab, you may want access to activities that keep you relaxed, present and more receptive to treatment.

Finding High-Quality Gambling Addiction Treatment at Rehab

Many rehab centers have the ability to offer you the best in treatment, addiction experts, location and facilities. High-end rehabs also tend to have a lower staff-to-patient ratio, allowing for more attention and personalized care—all of which has a profound impact on your recovery. For more information on some the best treatment centers worldwide, visit our collection of gambling addiction treatment centers.

Frequently Asked Questions About Gambling Addiction Treatment

Can you go to rehab for gambling addiction?

Yes, you can. Treatment at rehab for gambling addiction may combine talk therapies like CBT, group therapy, holistic therapies, and medication to help curb compulsive behaviors.

What type of therapy is used for gambling addiction?

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is often used to treat gambling addiction. Usually, rehabs combine this with other treatment methods like family, group, and holistic therapies.

What’s the best treatment for gambling addiction?

There isn’t one best therapy for gambling addiction. Good-quality rehabs customize plans to clients’ needs, which often include common gambling disorder treatments:

• Psychotherapies
• Medication
• Support groups, like Gamblers Anonymous